在Ubuntu 14.04.5 LTS 安装最新版 docker-17.11.0-CE 权威实践教程

1.检查系统内核版本，至少高于3.10. root@ubuntu02:~# uname -r 4.4.0-31-generic

root@ubuntu02:~# cat /proc/version Linux version 4.4.0-31-generic (buildd@lgw01-43) (gcc version 4.8.4 (Ubuntu 4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04.3) ) #50~14.04.1-Ubuntu SMP Wed Jul 13 01:07:32 UTC 2016

2.检查ubuntu具体版本. root@ubuntu02:~# cat /etc/issue Ubuntu 14.04.5 LTS \n \l

3.安装额外依赖包，是为了docker可以使用aufs存储功能，实践上系统已经默认安装了。 root@ubuntu02:~# apt-get install -y linux-image-extra-$(uname -r) Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done linux-image-extra-4.4.0-31-generic is already the newest version. linux-image-extra-4.4.0-31-generic set to manually installed. 0 upgraded,0 newly installed,0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. root@ubuntu02:~#

4.安装https协议源，实践上系统已经默认安装了. root@ubuntu02:~# apt-get install -y apt-transport-https Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done apt-transport-https is already the newest version. 0 upgraded,0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.

5.查看系统当前代号，其实这个无关紧要。 root@ubuntu02:~# lsb_release -c Codename: trusty root@ubuntu02:~#

6.添加docker 官方yum源。 root@ubuntu02:/etc/apt/sources.list.d# vi docker.list root@ubuntu02:/etc/apt/sources.list.d# root@ubuntu02:/etc/apt/sources.list.d# cat docker.list deb https://apt.dockerproject.org/repo ubuntu-trusty main

7.更新系统yum源配置。 root@ubuntu02:~# apt-get update Get:1 http://security.ubuntu.com trusty-security InRelease [65.9 kB] Ign http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty InRelease Get:2 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty-updates InRelease [65.9 kB] Ign https://apt.dockerproject.org ubuntu-trusty InRelease Get:3 http://security.ubuntu.com trusty-security/main Sources [147 kB] Get:4 https://apt.dockerproject.org ubuntu-trusty/main amd64 Packages Get:5 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty-backports InRelease [65.9 kB] Get:6 https://apt.dockerproject.org ubuntu-trusty/main i386 Packages Get:7 https://apt.dockerproject.org ubuntu-trusty/main Translation-en_US Hit http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty Release.gpg Get:8 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty-updates/main Sources [409 kB] Get:9 http://security.ubuntu.com trusty-security/restricted Sources [4,931 B] Get:10 http://security.ubuntu.com trusty-security/universe Sources [67.2 kB] Ign https://apt.dockerproject.org ubuntu-trusty/main Translation-en_US Get:11 http://security.ubuntu.com trusty-security/multiverse Sources [3,182 B] Ign https://apt.dockerproject.org ubuntu-trusty/main Translation-en Get:12 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty-updates/restricted Sources [6,322 B] Get:13 http://security.ubuntu.com trusty-security/main amd64 Packages [698 kB] Get:14 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty-updates/universe Sources [195 kB] Get:15 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty-updates/multiverse Sources [7,781 B] Get:16 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty-updates/main amd64 Packages [1,045 kB] Get:17 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty-updates/restricted amd64 Packages [17.2 kB] Get:18 http://security.ubuntu.com trusty-security/restricted amd64 Packages [14.1 kB] Get:19 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty-updates/universe amd64 Packages [437 kB] Get:20 http://security.ubuntu.com trusty-security/universe amd64 Packages [199 kB] Get:21 http://security.ubuntu.com trusty-security/multiverse amd64 Packages [4,800 B] Get:22 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty-updates/multiverse amd64 Packages [14.9 kB] Get:23 http://security.ubuntu.com trusty-security/main i386 Packages [641 kB] Get:24 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty-updates/main i386 Packages [985 kB] Get:25 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty-updates/restricted i386 Packages [17.0 kB] Get:26 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty-updates/universe i386 Packages [435 kB] Get:27 http://security.ubuntu.com trusty-security/restricted i386 Packages [13.9 kB] Get:28 http://security.ubuntu.com trusty-security/universe i386 Packages [195 kB] Get:29 http://security.ubuntu.com trusty-security/multiverse i386 Packages [4,958 B] Get:30 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty-updates/multiverse i386 Packages [15.3 kB] Get:31 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty-updates/main Translation-en [516 kB] Get:32 http://security.ubuntu.com trusty-security/main Translation-en [375 kB] Get:33 http://security.ubuntu.com trusty-security/multiverse Translation-en [2,564 B] Get:34 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty-updates/multiverse Translation-en [7,760 B] Get:35 http://security.ubuntu.com trusty-security/restricted Translation-en [3,542 B] Get:36 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty-updates/restricted Translation-en [4,031 B] Get:37 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty-updates/universe Translation-en [236 kB] Get:38 http://security.ubuntu.com trusty-security/universe Translation-en [113 kB] Get:39 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty-backports/main Sources [9,709 B] Get:40 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty-backports/restricted Sources [28 B] Get:41 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty-backports/universe Sources [35.4 kB] Get:42 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty-backports/multiverse Sources [1,896 B] Get:43 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty-backports/main amd64 Packages [13.3 kB] Get:44 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty-backports/restricted amd64 Packages [28 B] Get:45 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty-backports/universe amd64 Packages [43.1 kB] Get:46 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty-backports/multiverse amd64 Packages [1,567 B] Get:47 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty-backports/main i386 Packages [13.3 kB] Get:48 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty-backports/restricted i386 Packages [28 B] Get:49 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty-backports/universe i386 Packages [43.2 kB] Get:50 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty-backports/multiverse i386 Packages [1,551 B] Get:51 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty-backports/main Translation-en [7,503 B] Get:52 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty-backports/multiverse Translation-en [1,215 B] Get:53 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty-backports/restricted Translation-en [28 B] Get:54 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty-backports/universe Translation-en [36.8 kB] Hit http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty Release Hit http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty/main Sources Get:55 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty/restricted Sources [5,433 B] Hit http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty/universe Sources Hit http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty/multiverse Sources Hit http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty/main amd64 Packages Get:56 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty/restricted amd64 Packages [13.0 kB] Hit http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty/universe amd64 Packages Hit http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty/multiverse amd64 Packages Hit http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty/main i386 Packages Get:57 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty/restricted i386 Packages [13.4 kB] Hit http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty/universe i386 Packages Hit http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty/multiverse i386 Packages Hit http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty/main Translation-en Hit http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty/multiverse Translation-en Hit http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty/restricted Translation-en Hit http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty/universe Translation-en Ign http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty/main Translation-en_US Ign http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty/multiverse Translation-en_US Ign http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty/restricted Translation-en_US Ign http://us.archive.ubuntu.com trusty/universe Translation-en_US Fetched 7,330 kB in 43s (167 kB/s) Reading package lists... Done W: GPG error: https://apt.dockerproject.org ubuntu-trusty InRelease: The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY F76221572C52609D root@ubuntu02:~#

上面有报错，估计是https还需什么配置，如果你做得没有报错的话，接下来可以用这个命令去安装docker #apt-get install -y docker-engine

我的有报错，所有我使用了另外一个方法如下: 其实这是只用了docker官方提供的脚本去安装docker ， 可以看到它自动解决了上来那个更新yum的错误。

8.开始安装当前最新版docker，也就是截止2017年12月19日最新版。 root@ubuntu02:~# curl -sSL https://get.docker.com/ | sh #Executing docker install script,commit: 11aa13e + sh -c apt-get update -qq >/dev/null W: GPG error: https://apt.dockerproject.org ubuntu-trusty InRelease: The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY F76221572C52609D + sh -c apt-get install -y -qq apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl software-properties-common >/dev/null + sh -c curl -fsSL "https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg" | apt-key add -qq - >/dev/null + sh -c echo "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu trusty edge" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list + [ ubuntu = debian ] + sh -c apt-get update -qq >/dev/null + sh -c apt-get install -y -qq --no-install-recommends docker-ce >/dev/null + sh -c docker version Client: Version: 17.11.0-ce API version: 1.34 Go version: go1.8.3 Git commit: 1caf76c Built: Mon Nov 20 18:36:37 2017 OS/Arch: linux/amd64

Server: Version: 17.11.0-ce API version: 1.34 (minimum version 1.12) Go version: go1.8.3 Git commit: 1caf76c Built: Mon Nov 20 18:35:10 2017 OS/Arch: linux/amd64 Experimental: false If you would like to use Docker as a non-root user,you should now consider adding your user to the "docker" group with something like:

sudo usermod -aG docker your-user

Remember that you will have to log out and back in for this to take effect!

WARNING: Adding a user to the "docker" group will grant the ability to run containers which can be used to obtain root privileges on the docker host. Refer to https://docs.docker.com/engine/security/security/#docker-daemon-attack-surface for more information. root@ubuntu02:~#

9.检查安装结果： root@ubuntu02:~# docker --version Docker version 17.11.0-ce,build 1caf76c

10.启动docker服务 root@ubuntu02:~# service docker start docker start/running,process 9153

11.检查docker 服务 root@ubuntu02:~# service docker status docker start/running,process 9153 root@ubuntu02:~# ps -ef | grep docker root 9153 1 1 23:58 ? 00:00:00 /usr/bin/dockerd --raw-logs root 9163 9153 0 23:58 ? 00:00:00 docker-containerd --config /var/run/docker/containerd/containerd.toml root@ubuntu02:~# netstat -an | grep -i docker unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 17479 /var/run/docker.sock unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 17498 /var/run/docker/containerd/docker-containerd-debug.sock unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 17499 /var/run/docker/containerd/docker-containerd.sock unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 17506 /var/run/docker/metrics.sock unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 17718 /run/docker/libnetwork/599ee6e7c2726363158946e455d02cd7e48764d99b15dc68dd0ab29afe442b18.sock unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 17509 /var/run/docker/containerd/docker-containerd.sock unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 17515 /var/run/docker/containerd/docker-containerd.sock unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 17503 /var/run/docker/containerd/docker-containerd.sock

12.设置docker 开机自启动 root@ubuntu02:~# update-rc.d docker start 20 2 3 4 5 . stop 20 0 1 6 . Adding system startup for /etc/init.d/docker ... /etc/rc0.d/K20docker -> ../init.d/docker /etc/rc1.d/K20docker -> ../init.d/docker /etc/rc6.d/K20docker -> ../init.d/docker /etc/rc2.d/S20docker -> ../init.d/docker /etc/rc3.d/S20docker -> ../init.d/docker /etc/rc4.d/S20docker -> ../init.d/docker /etc/rc5.d/S20docker -> ../init.d/docker

13.从docker hub 仓管中拉取下载一个CentOS镜像 root@ubuntu02:~# docker pull centos Using default tag: latest latest: Pulling from library/centos 85432449fd0f: Downloading 46.48MB/73.43MB 85432449fd0f: Pull complete Digest: sha256:3b1a65e9a05f0a77b5e8a698d3359459904c2a354dc3b25ae2e2f5c95f0b3667 Status: Downloaded newer image for centos:latest

14.检查centos镜像是否已经下载成功 root@ubuntu02:~# docker images centos REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE centos latest 3fa822599e10 2 weeks ago 204MB

15.进入centos 容器里 root@ubuntu02:~# docker run -i -t centos /bin/bash [root@0ab2ed6ba9f7 /]# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on overlay 49G 1.7G 45G 4% / tmpfs 64M 0 64M 0% /dev tmpfs 240M 0 240M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/sda2 49G 1.7G 45G 4% /etc/hosts shm 64M 0 64M 0% /dev/shm tmpfs 240M 0 240M 0% /proc/scsi tmpfs 240M 0 240M 0% /sys/firmware [root@0ab2ed6ba9f7 /]# cat /etc/redhat-release CentOS Linux release 7.4.1708 (Core) [root@0ab2ed6ba9f7 /]# uname -r 4.4.0-31-generic [root@0ab2ed6ba9f7 /]# uname -a Linux 0ab2ed6ba9f7 4.4.0-31-generic #50~14.04.1-Ubuntu SMP Wed Jul 13 01:07:32 UTC 2016 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux [root@0ab2ed6ba9f7 /]#

16.查看centos容器具体信息 root@ubuntu02:~# docker inspect centos [ { "Id": "sha256:3fa822599e10c5f2080dcf647068c72022b111d31bbec0c5adb8a96e7eb5379b","RepoTags": [ "centos:latest" ],"RepoDigests": [ "centos@sha256:3b1a65e9a05f0a77b5e8a698d3359459904c2a354dc3b25ae2e2f5c95f0b3667" ],"Parent": "","Comment": "","Created": "2017-11-30T00:13:33.787402963Z","Container": "2381448fe44a3c029b031a8125813a633338169a042a6b7d2c126ec65aa80523","ContainerConfig": { "Hostname": "2381448fe44a","Domainname": "","User": "","AttachStdin": false,"AttachStdout": false,"AttachStderr": false,"Tty": false,"OpenStdin": false,"StdinOnce": false,"Env": [ "PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin" ],"Cmd": [ "/bin/sh","-c","#(nop) ","CMD ["/bin/bash"]" ],"ArgsEscaped": true,"Image": "sha256:8c8d3fa42cc84aaec601101c70cf0b866764f2d490dd336a9cf98796774739c6","Volumes": null,"WorkingDir": "","Entrypoint": null,"OnBuild": null,"Labels": { "build-date": "20171128","license": "GPLv2","name": "CentOS Base Image","vendor": "CentOS" } },"DockerVersion": "17.06.2-ce","Author": "","Config": { "Hostname": "","Cmd": [ "/bin/bash" ],"Architecture": "amd64","Os": "linux","Size": 203545788,"VirtualSize": 203545788,"GraphDriver": { "Data": { "MergedDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/090c562b6617cfb17df1e791a594f561c54b1611e131baf9ada1fd4ba0e03b1d/merged","UpperDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/090c562b6617cfb17df1e791a594f561c54b1611e131baf9ada1fd4ba0e03b1d/diff","WorkDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/090c562b6617cfb17df1e791a594f561c54b1611e131baf9ada1fd4ba0e03b1d/work" },"Name": "overlay2" },"RootFS": { "Type": "layers","Layers": [ "sha256:d1be66a59bc56bb90e92c3d4742ce73dcb5f62acc6e92de55039e21957ed5d23" ] },"Metadata": { "LastTagTime": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z" } } ] root@ubuntu02:~#

上面结果表明已经成功。

后续会持续更新docker 高级实战内容。

本人其实想写一本书的。慢慢来吧。