一、原生限流
1.1添加依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-config</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis-reactive</artifactId>
</dependency>
1.2创建限流配置类
package com.lg.cloudgateway.config;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.ratelimit.KeyResolver;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;
@Configuration
public class Raonfiguration {
@Bean("ipKeyResolver")
public KeyResolver ipKeyResolver() {
return exchange -> Mono.just(
exchange.getRequest()
.getRemoteAddress()
.getHostName()
);
}
}
1.3添加配置
nacos配置文件中添加redis配置和限流配置
server:
port: 8090
spring:
redis:
host: 192.168.2.5
password: 123456
port: 6379
cloud:
nacos:
discovery:
server-addr: 192.168.2.6:8001
gateway:
discovery:
locator:
enabled: true
routes:
- id: product-service
uri: lb://product-service
order: 10000
predicates:
- Path=/product/**
filters:
- StripPrefix=1
- name: RequestRateLimiter
args:
redis-rate-limiter.replenishRate: 1
redis-rate-limiter.burstCapacity: 3
key-resolver: '#{@ipKeyResolver}'
- id: account-service
uri: lb://account-service
predicates:
- Path=/account/**
filters:
- StripPrefix=1
- id: order-service
uri: lb://order-service
predicates:
- Path=/order/**
filters:
- StripPrefix=1
在上面的配置文件,配置了 redis 的信息,并给product-service配置了 RequestRateLimiter 的限流过滤器,该过滤器需要配置三个参数:
burstCapacity,令牌桶总容量。
replenishRate,令牌桶每秒填充平均速率。
key-resolver,用于限流的键的解析器的 Bean 对象的名字。它使用 SpEL 表达式根据#{@beanName}从 Spring 容器中获取 Bean 对象。
二、sentinel限流
2.1添加依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-sentinel-gateway</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--Sentinel-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-sentinel</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.csp</groupId>
<artifactId>sentinel-datasource-nacos</artifactId>
</dependency>
2.2添加配置
sentinel:
transport:
dashboard: 192.168.2.6:8858 #配置Sentinel dashboard地址
# 默认就是8719端口,如果占用会依次+1开始扫描
# 取消延迟加载
eager: true
datasource:
ds3:
nacos:
server-addr: 192.168.2.6:8001
namespace: 9bb83945-f4a3-4839-8d3b-363f1b78db36
dataId: ${spring.application.name}-sentinel
group: DEFAULT_GROUP
data-type: json
rule-type: gw-flow
2.3naocs限流配置
添加如下配置文件
[
{
"resource": "ReactiveCompositeDiscoveryClient_product-service",
"count": 1,
"grade": 1,
"paramItem": {
"parseStrategy": 0
}
}
]
常用限流策略 常量
以客户端IP作为限流因子
public static final int PARAM_PARSE_STRATEGY_CLIENT_IP = 0;
以客户端HOST作为限流因子
public static final int PARAM_PARSE_STRATEGY_HOST = 1;
以客户端HEADER参数作为限流因子
public static final int PARAM_PARSE_STRATEGY_HEADER = 2;
以客户端请求参数作为限流因子
public static final int PARAM_PARSE_STRATEGY_URL_PARAM = 3;
以客户端请求Cookie作为限流因子
public static final int PARAM_PARSE_STRATEGY_COOKIE = 4;
2.4sentinel查看流控规则
2.5趟坑限流不生效问题
debug模式启动网关服务,然后对网关过滤器 SentinelGatewayFilter 中的filter方法进行调试,我发现sentinel获取到的网关id并不是我们配置的product-service,而是加了ReactiveCompositeDiscoveryClient_前缀,如下图所示
2.6限流测试
通过网关访问接口http://localhost:8090/product-service/product/1
2.7自定义响应异常
创建JsonSentinelGatewayBlockExceptionHandler
package com.lg.cloudgateway.handler;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.adapter.gateway.sc.callback.GatewayCallbackManager;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.BlockException;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.util.function.Supplier;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.lg.common.model.ResultData;
import org.springframework.core.io.buffer.DataBuffer;
import org.springframework.http.codec.HttpMessageWriter;
import org.springframework.http.codec.ServerCodecConfigurer;
import org.springframework.http.server.reactive.ServerHttpResponse;
import org.springframework.web.reactive.function.server.ServerResponse;
import org.springframework.web.reactive.result.view.ViewResolver;
import org.springframework.web.server.ServerWebExchange;
import org.springframework.web.server.WebExceptionHandler;
import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;
import java.util.List;
public class JsonSentinelGatewayBlockExceptionHandler implements WebExceptionHandler {
private List<ViewResolver> viewResolvers;
private List<HttpMessageWriter<?>> messageWriters;
private final Supplier<ServerResponse.Context> contextSupplier = () -> new ServerResponse.Context() {
@Override
public List<HttpMessageWriter<?>> messageWriters() {
return JsonSentinelGatewayBlockExceptionHandler.this.messageWriters;
}
@Override
public List<ViewResolver> viewResolvers() {
return JsonSentinelGatewayBlockExceptionHandler.this.viewResolvers;
}
};
public JsonSentinelGatewayBlockExceptionHandler(
List<ViewResolver> viewResolvers, ServerCodecConfigurer serverCodecConfigurer) {
this.viewResolvers = viewResolvers;
this.messageWriters = serverCodecConfigurer.getWriters();
}
/**
* 自定义返回
* @param response
* @param exchange
* @return
*/
private Mono<Void> writeResponse(ServerResponse response, ServerWebExchange exchange) {
ServerHttpResponse resp = exchange.getResponse();
resp.getHeaders().add("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=UTF-8");
ResultData<Object> resultData = ResultData.fail("服务限流");
String resultString = JSON.toJSONString(resultData);
DataBuffer buffer = resp.bufferFactory().wrap(resultString.getBytes());
return resp.writeWith(Mono.just(buffer));
}
@Override
public Mono<Void> handle(ServerWebExchange exchange, Throwable ex) {
if (exchange.getResponse().isCommitted()) {
return Mono.error(ex);
}
if (!BlockException.isBlockException(ex)) {
return Mono.error(ex);
}
return handleBlockedRequest(exchange, ex)
.flatMap(response -> writeResponse(response, exchange));
}
private Mono<ServerResponse> handleBlockedRequest(ServerWebExchange exchange, Throwable throwable) {
return GatewayCallbackManager.getBlockHandler().handleRequest(exchange, throwable);
}
}
创建GatewayConfiguration
package com.lg.cloudgateway.config;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.adapter.gateway.sc.SentinelGatewayFilter;
import com.lg.cloudgateway.handler.JsonSentinelGatewayBlockExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.ObjectProvider;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.GlobalFilter;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.core.Ordered;
import org.springframework.core.annotation.Order;
import org.springframework.http.codec.ServerCodecConfigurer;
import org.springframework.web.reactive.result.view.ViewResolver;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.List;
@Configuration
public class GatewayConfiguration {
private final List<ViewResolver> views;
private final ServerCodecConfigurer configurer;
public GatewayConfiguration(ObjectProvider<List<ViewResolver>> views,
ServerCodecConfigurer config) {
this.views = views.getIfAvailable(Collections::emptyList);
this.configurer = config;
}
/**
* 配置SentinelGatewayBlockExceptionHandler,限流后异常处理
* @return
*/
@Bean("sentinelGatewayBlockExceptionHandler")
@Order(Ordered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE)
public JsonSentinelGatewayBlockExceptionHandler sentinelGatewayBlockExceptionHandler() {
//return new SentinelGatewayBlockExceptionHandler(views, configurer);
return new JsonSentinelGatewayBlockExceptionHandler(views, configurer);
}
/**
* Sentinel 过滤器
* @return
*/
@Bean
@Order(-1)
public GlobalFilter sentinelGatewayFilter() {
return new SentinelGatewayFilter();
}
}
添加配置
调用测试
{
"status": 1,
"message": "服务限流",
"success": false,
"timestamp": "2021-02-19 17:57:44"
}
原文地址:https://blog.csdn.net/gang_luo/article/details/113869031
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