# !/usr/bin/env python3.6 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # visual studio 2017 # 2019 10 12 Geovin Du print from turtle import *; import sys; from math import ceil; import re; import time; import operator; from copy import deepcopy; from random import randint; print(‘geovindu‘); # 重复元素判定 def all_unique(lst): return len(lst) == len(set(lst)) x = [1,1,2,3,4,5,6] y = [1,5] all_unique(x) # False all_unique(y) # True # #字符元素组成判定 from collections import Counter def anagram(first,second): return Counter(first) == Counter(second) anagram("abcd3","3acdb") # True #内存占用 variable = 30 print(sys.getsizeof(variable)) # 24 #字节占用 def byte_size(string): return(len(string.encode(‘utf-8‘))) byte_size(‘??‘) # 4 byte_size(‘Hello World‘) # 11 #打印 N 次字符串 n = 2; s ="Programming"; print(s * n); # ProgrammingProgramming #大写第一个字母 s = "programming is awesome" print(s.title()) # Programming Is Awesome #压缩 def compact(lst): return list(filter(bool,lst)) compact([0,False,‘‘,‘a‘,‘s‘,34]) # [ 1,34 ] #解包 array = [[‘a‘,‘b‘],[‘c‘,‘d‘],[‘e‘,‘f‘]] transposed = zip(*array) print(transposed) # [(‘a‘,‘c‘,‘e‘),(‘b‘,‘d‘,‘f‘)] #分块 def chunk(lst,size): return list( map(lambda x: lst[x * size:x * size + size],list(range(0,ceil(len(lst) / size))))) #链式对比 a = 3 print( 2 < a < 8) # True print(1 == a < 2) # False # print(len(re.findall(r‘[aeiou]‘,‘foobar‘,re.IGNORECASE))); #元音统计 def count_vowels(str): return len(re.findall(r‘[aeiou]‘,str,re.IGNORECASE)) print(‘Geovin Du foobar中有多少个元音字母:‘+str(count_vowels(‘Geovin Du foobar‘))) # 3 print(‘gym中有多少个元音字母:‘+str(count_vowels(‘gym‘))) # 0 chunk([1,5],2) # [[1,2],[3,4],5] #首字母小写 def decapitalize(string): return string[:1].lower() + string[1:] print(‘FooBar:‘+decapitalize(‘FooBar‘)); # ‘fooBar‘ def get_str(oriStr,splitStr): str_list = oriStr.split(splitStr) if len(str_list) > 1: for index in range(1,len(str_list)): if str_list[index] != ‘‘: str_list[index] = str_list[index][0].upper() + str_list[index][1:] else: continue return ‘‘.join(str_list) else: return oriStr print(‘hello_for_our_world:‘+get_str(‘hello_for_our_world‘,‘_‘)); #展开列表 def spread(arg): ret = [] for i in arg: if isinstance(i,list): ret.extend(i) else: ret.append(i) return ret def deep_flatten(lst): result = [] result.extend( spread(list(map(lambda x: deep_flatten(x) if type(x) == list else x,lst)))) return result deep_flatten([1,[2],[[3],5]) # [1,5] #列表的差 def difference(a,b): set_a = set(a) set_b = set(b) comparison = set_a.difference(set_b) return list(comparison) difference([1,3],[1,4]) # [3] #通过函数取差 def difference_by(a,b,fn): b = set(map(fn,b)) return [item for item in a if fn(item) not in b] from math import floor difference_by([2.1,1.2],[2.3,3.4],floor) # [1.2] difference_by([{ ‘x‘: 2 },{ ‘x‘: 1 }],[{ ‘x‘: 1 }],lambda v : v[‘x‘]) # [ { x: 2 } ] #链式函数调用 def add(a,b): return a + b def subtract(a,b): return a - b a,b = 4,5 print((subtract if a > b else add)(a,b)) # 9 #检查重复项 def has_duplicates(lst): return len(lst) != len(set(lst)) x = [1,5] y = [1,5] has_duplicates(x) # True has_duplicates(y) # False #合并两个字典 def merge_two_dicts(a,b): c = a.copy() # make a copy of a c.update(b) # modify keys and values of a with the ones from b return c a = { ‘x‘: 1,‘y‘: 2} b = { ‘y‘: 3,‘z‘: 4} print(merge_two_dicts(a,b)) # {‘y‘: 3,‘x‘: 1,‘z‘: 4} #3.5 def merge_dictionaries(a,b): return {**a,**b} a = { ‘x‘: 1,‘z‘: 4} print(merge_dictionaries(a,‘z‘: 4} #将两个列表转化为字典 def to_dictionary(keys,values): return dict(zip(keys,values)) keys = ["a","b","c"] values = [2,4] print(to_dictionary(keys,values)) # {‘a‘: 2,‘c‘: 4,‘b‘: 3} #使用枚举 listd = ["a","c","d"] for index,element in enumerate(listd): print("Value",element,"Index ",index,) # (‘Value‘,‘Index ‘,0) # (‘Value‘,‘b‘,1) #(‘Value‘,2) # (‘Value‘,3) # 执行时间 start_time = time.time() a = 1 b = 2 c = a + b print(c) #3 end_time = time.time() total_time = end_time - start_time print("Time: ",total_time) # (‘Time: ‘,1.1205673217773438e-05) #Try else try: 2*3 except TypeError: print("An exception was raised") else: print("Thank God,no exceptions were raised.") #Thank God,no exceptions were raised. #元素频率 def most_frequent(listd): return max(set(listd),key = listd.count) listd = [1,2] most_frequent(listd) #回文序列 def palindrome(string): from re import sub s = sub(‘[\W_]‘,string.lower()) return s == s[::-1] palindrome(‘taco cat‘) # True #不使用 if-else 的计算子 action = { "+": operator.add,"-": operator.sub,"/": operator.truediv,"*": operator.mul,"**": pow } print(action[‘-‘](50,25)) # 25 #Shuffle 该算法会打乱列表元素的顺序,它主要会通过 Fisher-Yates 算法对新列表进行排序 def shuffle(lst): temp_lst = deepcopy(lst) m = len(temp_lst) while (m): m -= 1 i = randint(0,m) temp_lst[m],temp_lst[i] = temp_lst[i],temp_lst[m] return temp_lst foo = [1,3] shuffle(foo) # [2,1],foo = [1,3] #展开列表 def spread(arg): ret = [] for i in arg: if isinstance(i,list): # ret.extend(i) else: ret.append(i) return ret print(‘展开列表:‘+str(spread([1,[4,6],[7],8,9]))); # [1,6,7,9] #交换值 def swap(a,b): return b,a a,b = -1,14 swap(a,b) # (14,-1) spread([1,9]) # [1,9] #字典默认值 d = {‘a‘: 1,‘b‘: 2} print(d.get(‘c‘,3)) # 3 #畫圖形 #https://github.com/asweigart/simple-turtle-tutorial-for-python for i in range(500): # this "for" loop will repeat these functions 500 times forward(i) left(91)
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