我想检测由窗口管理器管理的特定应用程序的实例数量.目前,我有这个：
#!/bin/bash
# wmctrl required
pids=$(pidof $1)
IFS=' ' read -a pid_arr <<< "$pids"
matches=0
for pid in "${pid_arr[@]}"
do
matching_lines=$(wmctrl -l -p | egrep -c "^.+\b.+\b$pid\b")
matches=$((matches + $matching_lines))
done
echo $matches
假设我有三次打开firefox并且我将firefox作为参数传递,如果没有打开“子窗口”(例如首选项窗口),该函数将只返回正确的数字.否则,该函数也将计算这些窗口.
我想获得没有“子窗口”的窗口数量.
P.S.：做了一些改变.要计算没有对话窗口的窗口数,这是我目前的解决方案：
#!/bin/bash
pids=$(pidof $1)
IFS=' ' read -r -a pid_arr <<< "$pids"
matches=0
for pid in "${pid_arr[@]}"
do
ids=$(wmctrl -l -p | awk '$3=='$pid'{printf $1" "}')
IFS=' ' read -r -a id_arr <<< "$ids"
for id in "${id_arr[@]}"
do
if ! xprop -id "$id" |
egrep -q '(WM_TRANSIENT_FOR|_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_DIALOG)'
then
((matches++))
fi
done
done
echo $matches
但是在firefox的情况下,脚本无法区分浏览器窗口及其首选项窗口,因为它们都不是对话框窗口.
上面的脚本对我来说已经足够了,因为我用它来弄清楚xfce4-appfinder有多少个窗口(没有对话窗口).对于xfce4-appfinder,脚本可以正常工作,因为它的首选项窗口很容易被识别为对话框窗口.在firefox中,甚至可以通过调用firefox -preferences独立打开首选项窗口.将这样的窗口识别为某种“子窗口”可能是不可能的.
以下是我对firefox的浏览器和首选项窗口的xprop和xwininfo的结果：
xwininfo(浏览器)：
xwininfo: Window id: 0x1c0007f "bash - Get number of opened application windows in linux - Stack Overflow - Mozilla Firefox"
Root window id: 0xa1 (the root window) (has no name)
Parent window id: 0x1400048 (has no name)
1 child:
0x1c00080 (has no name): () 1x1+-1+-1 +1+37
Absolute upper-left X: 2
Absolute upper-left Y: 38
Relative upper-left X: 0
Relative upper-left Y: 14
Width: 956
Height: 511
Depth: 24
Visual: 0x20
Visual Class: TrueColor
Border width: 0
Class: InputOutput
Colormap: 0x22 (installed)
Bit Gravity State: NorthWestGravity
Window Gravity State: NorthWestGravity
Backing Store State: NotUseful
Save Under State: no
Map State: IsViewable
Override Redirect State: no
Corners: +2+38 -962+38 -962-531 +2-531
-geometry 956x511+0+22
Bit gravity: NorthWestGravity
Window gravity: NorthWestGravity
Backing-store hint: NotUseful
Backing-planes to be preserved: 0xffffffff
Backing pixel: 0
Save-unders: No
Someone wants these events:
KeyPress
KeyRelease
ButtonPress
ButtonRelease
EnterWindow
LeaveWindow
PointerMotion
Exposure
VisibilityChange
StructureNotify
FocusChange
PropertyChange
Do not propagate these events:
Override redirection?: No
Window manager hints:
Client accepts input or input focus: Yes
Initial state is Normal State
Displayed on desktop 0
Window type:
Normal
Process id: 792 on host T530
Normal window size hints:
Program supplied minimum size: 300 by 71
Program supplied maximum size: 32767 by 32767
Program supplied window gravity: NorthWestGravity
No zoom window size hints defined
No window shape defined
No border shape defined
xwininfo(首选项)：
xwininfo: Window id: 0x1c046ef "Firefox Preferences"
Root window id: 0xa1 (the root window) (has no name)
Parent window id: 0x1400060 (has no name)
1 child:
0x1c046f0 (has no name): () 1x1+-1+-1 +961+37
Absolute upper-left X: 962
Absolute upper-left Y: 38
Relative upper-left X: 0
Relative upper-left Y: 14
Width: 956
Height: 1040
Depth: 24
Visual: 0x20
Visual Class: TrueColor
Border width: 0
Class: InputOutput
Colormap: 0x22 (installed)
Bit Gravity State: NorthWestGravity
Window Gravity State: NorthWestGravity
Backing Store State: NotUseful
Save Under State: no0x1c00001
Map State: IsViewable
Override Redirect State: no
Corners: +962+38 -2+38 -2-2 +962-2
-geometry 956x1040-0-0
Bit gravity: NorthWestGravity
Window gravity: NorthWestGravity
Backing-store hint: NotUseful
Backing-planes to be preserved: 0xffffffff
Backing pixel: 0
Save-unders: No
Someone wants these events:
KeyPress
KeyRelease
ButtonPress
ButtonRelease
EnterWindow
LeaveWindow
PointerMotion
Exposure
VisibilityChange
StructureNotify
FocusChange
PropertyChange
Do not propagate these events:
Override redirection?: No
Window manager hints:
Client accepts input or input focus: Yes
Initial state is Normal State
Displayed on desktop 0
Window type:
Normal
Process id: 792 on host T530
Normal window size hints:
Program supplied location: 0,0
Program supplied minimum size: 604 by 594
Program supplied maximum size: 32767 by 32767
Program supplied window gravity: NorthWestGravity
No zoom window size hints defined
No window shape defined
No border shape defined
xprop(浏览器)：
_DESKTOP(CARDINAL) = 0
WM_STATE(WM_STATE):
window state: Normal
icon window: 0x0
WM_HINTS(WM_HINTS):
Client accepts input or input focus: True
Initial state is Normal State.
bitmap id # to use for icon: 0x1c00082
bitmap id # of mask for icon: 0x1c00083
window id # of group leader: 0x1c00001
_NET_STARTUP_ID(UTF8_STRING) = "xfce4-appfinder/|usr|lib|firefox|firefox/756-0-T530_TIME21351"
WM_WINDOW_ROLE(STRING) = "browser"
XdndAware(ATOM) = BITMAP
_MOTIF_DRAG_RECEIVER_INFO(_MOTIF_DRAG_RECEIVER_INFO) = 0x6c,0x0,0x5,0x10,0x0
_NET_WM_SYNC_REQUEST_COUNTER(CARDINAL) = 29360257
_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE(ATOM) = _NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_NORMAL
_NET_WM_USER_TIME(CARDINAL) = 1758669
_NET_WM_USER_TIME_WINDOW(WINDOW): window id # 0x1c00080
WM_CLIENT_LEADER(WINDOW): window id # 0x1c00001
_NET_WM_PID(CARDINAL) = 792
WM_LOCALE_NAME(STRING) = "en_US.UTF-8"
WM_CLIENT_MACHINE(STRING) = "T530"
WM_NORMAL_HINTS(WM_SIZE_HINTS):
program specified minimum size: 300 by 71
program specified maximum size: 32767 by 32767
window gravity: NorthWest
WM_PROTOCOLS(ATOM): protocols WM_DELETE_WINDOW,WM_TAKE_FOCUS,_NET_WM_PING,_NET_WM_SYNC_REQUEST
WM_CLASS(STRING) = "Navigator","Firefox"
WM_ICON_NAME(STRING) = "bash - Get number of opened application windows in linux - Stack Overflow - Mozilla Firefox"
_NET_WM_ICON_NAME(UTF8_STRING) = "bash - Get number of opened application windows in linux - Stack Overflow - Mozilla Firefox"
WM_NAME(STRING) = "bash - Get number of opened application windows in linux - Stack Overflow - Mozilla Firefox"
_NET_WM_NAME(UTF8_STRING) = "bash - Get number of opened application windows in linux - Stack Overflow - Mozilla Firefox"
xprop(首选项)
_NET_WM_DESKTOP(CARDINAL) = 0
WM_STATE(WM_STATE):
window state: Normal
icon window: 0x0
WM_HINTS(WM_HINTS):
Client accepts input or input focus: True
Initial state is Normal State.
bitmap id # to use for icon: 0x1c046f2
bitmap id # of mask for icon: 0x1c046f3
window id # of group leader: 0x1c00001
WM_WINDOW_ROLE(STRING) = "Preferences"
XdndAware(ATOM) = BITMAP
_MOTIF_DRAG_RECEIVER_INFO(_MOTIF_DRAG_RECEIVER_INFO) = 0x6c,0x0
_NET_WM_SYNC_REQUEST_COUNTER(CARDINAL) = 29378289
_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE(ATOM) = _NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_NORMAL
_NET_WM_USER_TIME(CARDINAL) = 1456410
_NET_WM_USER_TIME_WINDOW(WINDOW): window id # 0x1c046f0
WM_CLIENT_LEADER(WINDOW): window id # 0x1c00001
_NET_WM_PID(CARDINAL) = 792
WM_LOCALE_NAME(STRING) = "en_US.UTF-8"
WM_CLIENT_MACHINE(STRING) = "T530"
WM_NORMAL_HINTS(WM_SIZE_HINTS):
program specified location: 0,0
program specified minimum size: 604 by 594
program specified maximum size: 32767 by 32767
window gravity: NorthWest
WM_PROTOCOLS(ATOM): protocols WM_DELETE_WINDOW,_NET_WM_SYNC_REQUEST
WM_CLASS(STRING) = "Browser","Firefox"
WM_ICON_NAME(STRING) = "Firefox Preferences"
_NET_WM_ICON_NAME(UTF8_STRING) = "Firefox Preferences"
WM_NAME(STRING) = "Firefox Preferences"
_NET_WM_NAME(UTF8_STRING) = "Firefox Preferences"
解决方法
我不知道有一个简单的答案.您可能需要更仔细地检查窗户,并清除任何不是您想要的东西.
窗口上的组长属性可能很有用. (有些子窗口应该有这个,主窗口可能没有).
您还可以查看完整的WM_CLASS和WM_WINDOW_ROLE值,这些值可以帮助您区分窗口类型.
_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE等属性也可能有助于确定您正在查看的“类型”窗口.
在显示器上的各个窗口中使用xwininfo和xprop,您将看到可以找到的内容.
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