安装包
wget http://mirrors.jenkins-ci.org/debian-stable/jenkins_2.277.3_all.deb
按照官方提示安装
wget -q -O - https://pkg.jenkins.io/debian-stable/jenkins.io.key | sudo apt-key add -向文件/etc/apt/sources.list中加入如下行
deb https://pkg.jenkins.io/debian-stable binary/执行升级安装
安装完成后 find / -name jenkins 查看jenkins默认安装目录
1、配置文件：/etc/default/jenkins
2、启动脚本：/etc/init.d/jenkins
3、监听端口：8080
4、war包位置：/usr/lib/jenkins/jenkins.war
5、缓存目录：/var/cache/jenkins
6、文档目录：/usr/share/doc/jenkins
7、日志文件：/var/log/jenkins/
目录修改配置如下：
# mkdir /opt/jenkins
# mkdir /opt/jenkins/logs && mkdir /opt/jenkins/plugins && mkdir /opt/jenkins/conf && mkdir /opt/jenkins/lib && mkdir /opt/jenkins/bin && mkdir /opt/jenkins/home && mkdir /opt/jenkins/cache
分别存放日志、插件、配置文件、war包、启动文件、工作目录、缓存
# mv /etc/default/jenkins /opt/jenkins/conf && ln -s /opt/jenkins/conf/jenkins /etc/default/jenkins
# mv /etc/init.d/jenkins /opt/jenkins/bin && ln -s /opt/jenkins/bin/jenkins /etc/init.d/jenkins
# mv /usr/share/jenkins/jenkins.war /opt/jenkins/lib
/opt/jenkins/conf/jenkins修改如下：
# defaults for Jenkins automation server
# pulled in from the init script; makes things easier.
NAME=jenkins
# arguments to pass to java
# Allow graphs etc. to work even when an X server is present
JAVA_ARGS="-Djava.awt.headless=true"
#JAVA_ARGS="-Xmx256m"
# make jenkins listen on IPv4 address
#JAVA_ARGS="-Djava.net.preferIPv4Stack=true"
PIDFILE=/var/run/$NAME/$NAME.pid
# user and group to be invoked as (default to jenkins)
JENKINS_USER=$NAME
JENKINS_GROUP=$NAME
# location of the jenkins war file
#JENKINS_WAR=/usr/share/$NAME/$NAME.war
JENKINS_WAR=/opt/$NAME/lib/$NAME.war
# jenkins home location
#JENKINS_HOME=/var/lib/$NAME
JENKINS_HOME=/opt/$NAME
# set this to false if you don't want Jenkins to run by itself
# in this set up, you are expected to provide a servlet container
# to host jenkins.
RUN_STANDALONE=true
# log location. this may be a syslog facility.priority
JENKINS_LOG=/opt/$NAME/logs/$NAME.log
#JENKINS_LOG=daemon.info
# Whether to enable web access logging or not.
# Set to "yes" to enable logging to /var/log/$NAME/access_log
JENKINS_ENABLE_ACCESS_LOG="no"
# OS LIMITS SETUP
# comment this out to observe /etc/security/limits.conf
# this is on by default because http://github.com/jenkinsci/jenkins/commit/2fb288474e980d0e7ff9c4a3b768874835a3e92e
# reported that Ubuntu's PAM configuration doesn't include pam_limits.so, and as a result the # of file
# descriptors are forced to 1024 regardless of /etc/security/limits.conf
MAXOPENFILES=8192
# set the umask to control permission bits of files that Jenkins creates.
# 027 makes files read-only for group and inaccessible for others, which some security sensitive users
# might consider benefitial, especially if Jenkins runs in a box that's used for multiple purposes.
# Beware that 027 permission would interfere with sudo scripts that run on the master (JENKINS-25065.)
#
# Note also that the particularly sensitive part of $JENKINS_HOME (such as credentials) are always
# written without 'others' access. So the umask values only affect job configuration, build records,
# that sort of things.
#
# If commented out, the value from the OS is inherited, which is normally 022 (as of Ubuntu 12.04,
# by default umask comes from pam_umask(8) and /etc/login.defs
# UMASK=027
# port for HTTP connector (default 8080; disable with -1)
HTTP_PORT=5070
# servlet context, important if you want to use apache proxying
PREFIX=/$NAME
# arguments to pass to jenkins.
# --javahome=$JAVA_HOME
# --httpListenAddress=$HTTP_HOST (default 0.0.0.0)
# --httpPort=$HTTP_PORT (default 8080; disable with -1)
# --httpsPort=$HTTP_PORT
# --argumentsRealm.passwd.$ADMIN_USER=[password]
# --argumentsRealm.roles.$ADMIN_USER=admin
# --webroot=~/.jenkins/war
# --prefix=$PREFIX
JENKINS_ARGS="--webroot=/opt/$NAME/cache/war --httpPort=$HTTP_PORT"
/opt/jenkins/bin/jenkins修改如下：
#!/bin/bash
# /etc/init.d/jenkins
# debian-compatible jenkins startup script.
# Amelia A Lewis <alewis@ibco.com>
#
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides: jenkins
# Required-Start: $remote_fs $syslog $network
# Required-Stop: $remote_fs $syslog $network
# Default-Start: 2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop: 0 1 6
# Short-Description: Start Jenkins at boot time
# Description: Controls Jenkins Automation Server
### END INIT INFO
PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/usr/sbin:/opt/jdk1.8.0_261/bin
DESC="Jenkins Automation Server"
NAME=jenkins
SCRIPTNAME=/opt/jenkins/bin/$NAME
[ -r /opt/jenkins/conf/$NAME ] && . /opt/jenkins/conf/$NAME
#DAEMON=$JENKINS_SH
DAEMON=/usr/bin/daemon
DAEMON_ARGS="--name=$NAME --inherit --env=JENKINS_HOME=$JENKINS_HOME --output=$JENKINS_LOG --pidfile=$PIDFILE"
JAVA=`type -p java`
if [ -n "$UMASK" ]; then
DAEMON_ARGS="$DAEMON_ARGS --umask=$UMASK"
fi
if [ "$JENKINS_ENABLE_ACCESS_LOG" = "yes" ]; then
JENKINS_ARGS="$JENKINS_ARGS --accessLoggerClassName=winstone.accesslog.SimpleAccessLogger --simpleAccessLogger.format=combined --simpleAccessLogger.file
=/var/log/$NAME/access_log"
fi
SU=/bin/su
# Exit if the package is not installed
if [ ! -x "$DAEMON" ]; then
echo "daemon package not installed" >&2
exit 1
fi
# Exit if not supposed to run standalone
if [ "$RUN_STANDALONE" = "false" ]; then
echo "Not configured to run standalone" >&2
exit 1
fi
# Make sure there exists a java executable, it may not be always the case
if [ -z "$JAVA" ]; then
echo "ERROR: No Java executable found in current PATH: $PATH" >&2
echo "If you actually have java installed on the system make sure the executable is in the aforementioned path and that 'type -p java' returns the java
executable path" >&2
exit 1
fi
# Which Java versions can be used to run Jenkins
JAVA_ALLOWED_VERSIONS=( "1.8")
# Work out the JAVA version we are working with:
JAVA_VERSION=$($JAVA -version 2>&1 | sed -n ';s/.* version "\([0-9]\{2,\}\|[0-9]\.[0-9]\)\..*".*/\1/p;')
if [[ ${JAVA_ALLOWED_VERSIONS[*]} =~ "$JAVA_VERSION" ]]; then
echo "Correct java version found" >&2
else
echo "Found an incorrect Java version" >&2
echo "Java version found:" >&2
echo $($JAVA -version) >&2
echo "Aborting" >&2
exit 1
fi
# load environments
if [ -r /etc/default/locale ]; then
. /etc/default/locale
export LANG LANGUAGE
elif [ -r /etc/environment ]; then
. /etc/environment
export LANG LANGUAGE
fi
# Load the VERBOSE setting and other rcS variables
. /lib/init/vars.sh
# Define LSB log_* functions.
# Depend on lsb-base (>= 3.0-6) to ensure that this file is present.
. /lib/lsb/init-functions
# Make sure we run as root, since setting the max open files through
# ulimit requires root access
if [ `id -u` -ne 0 ]; then
echo "The $NAME init script can only be run as root"
exit 1
fi
check_tcp_port() {
local service=$1
local assigned=$2
local default=$3
local assigned_address=$4
local default_address=$5
if [ -n "$assigned" ]; then
port=$assigned
else
port=$default
fi
if [ -n "$assigned_address" ]; then
address=$assigned_address
else
address=$default_address
fi
count=`netstat --listen --numeric-ports | grep $address\:$port[[:space:]] | grep -c . `
if [ $count -ne 0 ]; then
echo "The selected $service port ($port) on address $address seems to be in use by another program "
echo "Please select another address/port combination to use for $NAME"
return 1
fi
}
#
# Function that starts the daemon/service
#
do_start()
{
# the default location is /var/run/jenkins/jenkins.pid but the parent directory needs to be created
mkdir `dirname $PIDFILE` > /dev/null 2>&1 || true
chown $JENKINS_USER `dirname $PIDFILE`
# Return
# 0 if daemon has been started
# 1 if daemon was already running
# 2 if daemon could not be started
$DAEMON $DAEMON_ARGS --running && return 1
# Verify if there is a jenkins process already running without a daemon
get_running || return 2
# Verify that the jenkins port is not already in use, winstone does not exit
# even for BindException
check_tcp_port "http" "$HTTP_PORT" "8080" "$HTTP_HOST" "0.0.0.0" || return 2
# If the var MAXOPENFILES is enabled in /etc/default/jenkins then set the max open files to the
# proper value
if [ -n "$MAXOPENFILES" ]; then
[ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && echo Setting up max open files limit to $MAXOPENFILES
ulimit -n $MAXOPENFILES
fi
# notify of explicit umask
if [ -n "$UMASK" ]; then
[ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && echo Setting umask to $UMASK
fi
# --user in daemon doesn't prepare environment variables like HOME, USER, LOGNAME or USERNAME,
# so we let su do so for us now
$SU -l $JENKINS_USER --shell=/bin/bash -c "$DAEMON $DAEMON_ARGS -- $JAVA $JAVA_ARGS -jar $JENKINS_WAR $JENKINS_ARGS" || return 2
}
#
# Verify that all jenkins processes have been shutdown
#
get_running()
{
return `pgrep -U $JENKINS_USER -f jenkins.war | grep -c .`
}
#
# killall jenkins processes that have not been shutdown
#
force_stop()
{
get_running
if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
killall -u $JENKINS_USER java daemon || return 3
# wait for the process to really terminate
for n in 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20; do
sleep 1
get_running && return 0
done
return 2
fi
}
# Get the status of the daemon process
get_daemon_status()
{
$DAEMON $DAEMON_ARGS --running || return 1
}
#
# Function that stops the daemon/service
#
do_stop()
{
# Return
# 0 if daemon has been stopped
# 1 if daemon was already stopped
# 2 if daemon could not be stopped
# other if a failure occurred
get_daemon_status
case "$?" in
0)
$DAEMON $DAEMON_ARGS --stop || return 2
# wait for the process to really terminate
for n in 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20; do
sleep 1
$DAEMON $DAEMON_ARGS --running || break
done
if get_daemon_status; then
force_stop || return "$?"
fi
;;
*)
force_stop || return "$?"
;;
esac
# Many daemons don't delete their pidfiles when they exit.
rm -f $PIDFILE
return 0
}
# Verify the process did in fact start successfully and didn't just bomb out
do_check_started_ok() {
sleep 1
if [ "$1" -ne "0" ]; then return $1; fi
get_running
if [ "$?" -eq "0" ]; then
return 2
else
return 0
fi
}
case "$1" in
start)
log_daemon_msg "Starting $DESC" "$NAME"
do_start
START_STATUS="$?"
do_check_started_ok "$START_STATUS"
case "$?" in
0|1) log_end_msg 0 ;;
2) log_end_msg 1 ; exit 7 ;;
esac
;;
stop)
log_daemon_msg "Stopping $DESC" "$NAME"
do_stop
case "$?" in
0|1) log_end_msg 0 ;;
2|3) log_end_msg 1 ; exit 100 ;;
esac
;;
restart|force-reload)
#
# If the "reload" option is implemented then remove the
# 'force-reload' alias
#
log_daemon_msg "Restarting $DESC" "$NAME"
do_stop
case "$?" in
0|1)
do_start
START_STATUS="$?"
sleep 1
do_check_started_ok "$START_STATUS"
case "$?" in
0) log_end_msg 0 ;;
1) log_end_msg 1 ; exit 100 ;; # Old process is still running
*) log_end_msg 1 ; exit 100 ;; # Failed to start
esac
;;
*)
# Failed to stop
log_end_msg 1
;;
esac
;;
status)
get_daemon_status
case "$?" in
0)
echo "$DESC is running with the pid `cat $PIDFILE`"
rc=0
;;
*)
get_running
procs=$?
if [ $procs -eq 0 ]; then
echo -n "$DESC is not running"
if [ -f $PIDFILE ]; then
echo ", but the pidfile ($PIDFILE) still exists"
rc=1
else
echo
rc=3
fi
else
echo "$procs instances of jenkins are running at the moment"
echo "but the pidfile $PIDFILE is missing"
rc=0
fi
exit $rc
;;
esac
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $SCRIPTNAME {start|stop|status|restart|force-reload}" >&2
exit 3
;;
esac
exit 0
最后一步，修改/opt/jenkins目录所有者授权：
# userdel -rf jenkins && useradd -g root -m jenkins
# chown -R jenkins:root /opt/jenkins
否则jenkins启动不成功
# systemctl enable jenkins.service
# systemctl start jenkins.service
最后，启动jenkins成功，日志显示如下：
Running from: /opt/jenkins/lib/jenkins.war
2021-04-23 02:35:43.408+0000 [id=1] INFO org.eclipse.jetty.util.log.Log#initialized: Logging initialized @832ms to org.eclipse.jetty.util.log.JavaUti
lLog
2021-04-23 02:35:43.674+0000 [id=1] INFO winstone.Logger#logInternal: Beginning extraction from war file
2021-04-23 02:35:45.513+0000 [id=1] WARNING o.e.j.s.handler.ContextHandler#setContextPath: Empty contextPath
2021-04-23 02:35:45.599+0000 [id=1] INFO org.eclipse.jetty.server.Server#doStart: jetty-9.4.39.v20210325; built: 2021-03-25T14:42:11.471Z; git: 9fc7c
a5a922f2a37b84ec9dbc26a5168cee7e667; jvm 1.8.0_261-b12
2021-04-23 02:35:46.093+0000 [id=1] INFO o.e.j.w.StandardDescriptorProcessor#visitServlet: NO JSP Support for /, did not find org.eclipse.jetty.jsp.J
ettyJspServlet
2021-04-23 02:35:46.176+0000 [id=1] INFO o.e.j.s.s.DefaultSessionIdManager#doStart: DefaultSessionIdManager workerName=node0
2021-04-23 02:35:46.177+0000 [id=1] INFO o.e.j.s.s.DefaultSessionIdManager#doStart: No SessionScavenger set, using defaults
2021-04-23 02:35:46.179+0000 [id=1] INFO o.e.j.server.session.HouseKeeper#startScavenging: node0 Scavenging every 660000ms
2021-04-23 02:35:46.903+0000 [id=1] INFO hudson.WebAppMain#contextInitialized: Jenkins home directory: /opt/jenkins found at: EnvVars.masterEnvVars.g
et("JENKINS_HOME")
2021-04-23 02:35:47.143+0000 [id=1] INFO o.e.j.s.handler.ContextHandler#doStart: Started w.@66d23e4a{Jenkins v2.277.3,/,file:///opt/jenkins/cache/war
/,AVAILABLE}{/opt/jenkins/cache/war}
2021-04-23 02:35:47.183+0000 [id=1] INFO o.e.j.server.AbstractConnector#doStart: Started ServerConnector@d2de489{HTTP/1.1, (http/1.1)}{0.0.0.0:5070}
2021-04-23 02:35:47.184+0000 [id=1] INFO org.eclipse.jetty.server.Server#doStart: Started @4609ms
2021-04-23 02:35:47.185+0000 [id=22] INFO winstone.Logger#logInternal: Winstone Servlet Engine running: controlPort=disabled
2021-04-23 02:35:48.945+0000 [id=29] INFO jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1#onAttained: Started initialization
2021-04-23 02:35:48.989+0000 [id=31] INFO jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1#onAttained: Listed all plugins
2021-04-23 02:35:51.353+0000 [id=27] INFO jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1#onAttained: Prepared all plugins
2021-04-23 02:35:51.363+0000 [id=34] INFO jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1#onAttained: Started all plugins
2021-04-23 02:35:51.372+0000 [id=31] INFO jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1#onAttained: Augmented all extensions
2021-04-23 02:35:52.548+0000 [id=29] INFO jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1#onAttained: System config loaded
2021-04-23 02:35:52.549+0000 [id=32] INFO jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1#onAttained: System config adapted
2021-04-23 02:35:52.550+0000 [id=32] INFO jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1#onAttained: Loaded all jobs
2021-04-23 02:35:52.553+0000 [id=28] INFO jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1#onAttained: Configuration for all jobs updated
2021-04-23 02:35:52.594+0000 [id=47] INFO hudson.model.AsyncPeriodicWork#lambda$doRun$0: Started Download metadata
2021-04-23 02:35:52.612+0000 [id=47] INFO hudson.util.Retrier#start: Attempt #1 to do the action check updates server
2021-04-23 02:35:53.125+0000 [id=31] INFO jenkins.install.SetupWizard#init:
*************************************************************
*************************************************************
*************************************************************
Jenkins initial setup is required. An admin user has been created and a password generated.
Please use the following password to proceed to installation:
aedf0b397f184f33a79ae7a88e3f1232
This may also be found at: /opt/jenkins/secrets/initialAdminPassword
*************************************************************
*************************************************************
*************************************************************
2021-04-23 02:36:11.447+0000 [id=32] INFO jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1#onAttained: Completed initialization
2021-04-23 02:36:11.525+0000 [id=21] INFO hudson.WebAppMain$3#run: Jenkins is fully up and running
2021-04-23 02:36:13.227+0000 [id=47] INFO h.m.DownloadService$Downloadable#load: Obtained the updated data file for hudson.tasks.Maven.MavenInstaller
2021-04-23 02:36:13.228+0000 [id=47] INFO hudson.util.Retrier#start: Performed the action check updates server successfully at the attempt #1
2021-04-23 02:36:13.231+0000 [id=47] INFO hudson.model.AsyncPeriodicWork#lambda$doRun$0: Finished Download metadata. 20,636 ms
浏览器打开：http://localhost:5070 进行初始化和安装配置
这样就可以实现将/opt/jenkins目录打包方便移植
原文地址：https://blog.csdn.net/ccren/article/details/116023303
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