如何解决在Debian上将RabbitMQ从3.8.2升级到3.8.6-如何安装最新版本？
我正在尝试在通过Azure中的Bitnami（运行Debian 9 Stretch）在Bitnami创建的两个Linux VM的群集上将RabbitMQ从版本3.8.2升级到最新版本3.8.6。根据{{3}}，我可以通过以下方式进行滚动升级：停止一个节点，在其上安装最新版本，重新启动该节点，然后在另一个节点上执行相同的操作。这些机器正在运行Erlang 22，RabbitMQ指出其与3.8.6版本兼容：
bitnami@AI-RabbitMQ-02:~$ erl -eval 'erlang:display(erlang:system_info(otp_release)),halt().' -noshell
"22"
在RabbitMQ's documentation之后，我已经成功安装了存储库，并显示以下输出：
bitnami@AI-RabbitMQ-02:~$ sudo rabbitmqctl stop_app
bitnami@AI-RabbitMQ-02:~$ curl -s https://packagecloud.io/install/repositories/rabbitmq/rabbitmq-server/script.deb.sh | sudo bash abbitmq/rabbitmq-server/script.deb.sh | sudo bash
Detected operating system as debian/9.
Checking for curl...
Detected curl...
Checking for gpg...
Detected gpg...
Running apt-get update... done.
Installing debian-archive-keyring which is needed for installing
apt-transport-https on many Debian systems.
Installing apt-transport-https... done.
Installing /etc/apt/sources.list.d/rabbitmq_rabbitmq-server.list...done.
Importing packagecloud gpg key... done.
Running apt-get update... done.
The repository is setup! You can now install packages.
然后，我尝试下一步，安装RabbitMQ，出现以下错误：
bitnami@AI-RabbitMQ-02:~$ sudo apt-get install rabbitmq-server=3.8.6-1
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
rabbitmq-server : Depends: erlang-base (>= 1:21.3) but 1:19.2.1+dfsg-2+deb9u3 i s to be installed or
erlang-base-hipe (>= 1:21.3) but it is not going to be installed or
esl-erlang (>= 1:21.3) but it is not installable
Depends: erlang-crypto (>= 1:21.3) but 1:19.2.1+dfsg-2+deb9u3 is to be installed or
esl-erlang (>= 1:21.3) but it is not installable
Depends: erlang-eldap (>= 1:21.3) but 1:19.2.1+dfsg-2+deb9u3 is to be installed or
esl-erlang (>= 1:21.3) but it is not installable
Depends: erlang-inets (>= 1:21.3) but 1:19.2.1+dfsg-2+deb9u3 is to be installed or
esl-erlang (>= 1:21.3) but it is not installable
Depends: erlang-mnesia (>= 1:21.3) but 1:19.2.1+dfsg-2+deb9u3 is to be installed or
esl-erlang (>= 1:21.3) but it is not installable
Depends: erlang-os-mon (>= 1:21.3) but 1:19.2.1+dfsg-2+deb9u3 is to be installed or
esl-erlang (>= 1:21.3) but it is not installable
Depends: erlang-parsetools (>= 1:21.3) but 1:19.2.1+dfsg-2+de b9u3 is to be installed or
esl-erlang (>= 1:21.3) but it is not installable
Depends: erlang-public-key (>= 1:21.3) but 1:19.2.1+dfsg-2+de b9u3 is to be installed or
esl-erlang (>= 1:21.3) but it is not installable
Depends: erlang-runtime-tools (>= 1:21.3) but 1:19.2.1+dfsg-2 +deb9u3 is to be installed or
esl-erlang (>= 1:21.3) but it is not installable
Depends: erlang-ssl (>= 1:21.3) but 1:19.2.1+dfsg-2+deb9u3 is to be installed or
esl-erlang (>= 1:21.3) but it is not installable
Depends: erlang-syntax-tools (>= 1:21.3) but 1:19.2.1+dfsg-2+ deb9u3 is to be installed or
esl-erlang (>= 1:21.3) but it is not installable
Depends: erlang-tools (>= 1:21.3) but 1:19.2.1+dfsg-2+deb9u3 is to be installed or
esl-erlang (>= 1:21.3) but it is not installable
Depends: erlang-xmerl (>= 1:21.3) but 1:19.2.1+dfsg-2+deb9u3 is to be installed or
esl-erlang (>= 1:21.3) but it is not installable
E: Unable to correct problems,you have held broken packages.
我也尝试使用Bintray选项进行安装，但无济于事。我也尝试过使用dpkg -i进行手动安装，但由于该步骤documentation steps for installation using PackageCloud在Rabbit页面上的链接，因此我不确定如何处理软件包依赖项。升级方面的任何帮助将不胜感激。非常感谢！
解决方法
我安装了Erlang 23和RabbitMQ Server 3.8.2（它们不完全兼容，所以我决定将RabbitMQ Server升级到3.8.9，因为我在运行应用程序时遇到了一些问题）
我在Ubuntu 20.04的AWS EC2实例上有一个具有一个节点的集群（未配置，但RabbitMQ通过插件建议正确配置-我打算以后再做）。
我所做的并且对我有用（遵循在sudo或根sudo su下执行的命令）：
-
shutdown不仅要stop_app也很重要，因为还需要停止Erlang并且stop_app仅停止RabbitMQ Server离开Erlang，稍后在启动时可能会给您错误RabbitMQ Server的新版本-用于端口25672忙于另一个应用程序：rabbitmqctl shutdown -
将Rabbitmq文件从旧版本（出于某种奇怪的原因，我使用3.8.8而不是我运行的3.8.2）更改为一个新版本-在我的情况下为3.8.9：
vim /etc/apt/preferences.d/rabbitmq -
重新检查是否已安装依赖项：
apt-get -y install socat logrotate init-system-helpers adduser -
如果没有wget，请安装它：
apt-get -y install wget -
下载服务器安装文件的最新.deb软件包：
wget https://github.com/rabbitmq/rabbitmq-server/releases/download/v3.8.9/rabbitmq-server_3.8.9-1_all.deb -
安装：
dpkg -i rabbitmq-server_3.8.9-1_all.deb -
删除发行版：
rm rabbitmq-server_3.8.9-1_all.deb -
检查服务器是否停止（可能是冗余命令）：
service rabbitmq-server stop -
重新启动服务器：
service rabbitmq-server restart -
检查服务器状态：
rabbitmq-server status -
如果错误提示启动失败。分发端口25672被另一个节点使用，请检查谁使用该端口，可能是Erlang使用该端口：
lsof -i :25672 -
启动RabbitMQ应用：
rabbitmqctl start_app -
检查节点状态：
rabbitmqctl status
您应该会看到升级的RabbitMQ Server版本（在我的情况下为3.8.9）以及最新的Erlang版本（在我的情况下为23）
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