即使OpenVirtualDisk成功，QueryChangesVirtualDisk仍返回ERROR_INVALID_HANDLE6

分类：编程问答

如何解决即使OpenVirtualDisk成功，QueryChangesVirtualDisk仍返回ERROR_INVALID_HANDLE6

我正在试用VirtualDisk API， 到目前为止，我已经能够打开VHDX文件，使用GetVirtualDiskInformation获取一些属性。 但是我无法获得RCT信息和ChangedAreas。

第一次成功调用GetVirtualDiskInformation。 由于缓冲区不足ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER（122），对GetVirtualDiskInformation的第二次调用失败。 调用QueryChangesVirtualDisk失败，并显示ERROR_INVALID_HANDLE（6）。 硬编码在代码中的RCT ID是正确的，我能够使用WMI Explorer获得ChangedAreas。 附上相同的屏幕截图。

如果它是无效的句柄，那么GetVirtualDiskInformation也应该抛出相同的错误？


#include "pch.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <cstdlib>
#define WINVER _WIN32_WINNT_WIN10
#include <windows.h>
#include <winioctl.h>
#include <virtdisk.h>
#include <initguid.h>
#pragma comment(lib,"virtdisk.lib")

DEFINE_GUID(VIRTUAL_STORAGE_TYPE_VENDOR_MICROSOFT,0xec984aec,0xa0f9,0x47e9,0x90,0x1f,0x71,0x41,0x5a,0x66,0x34,0x5b);
DEFINE_GUID(VIRTUAL_STORAGE_TYPE_VENDOR_UNKNOWN,0x00000000,0x0000,0x00,0x00);

int main()
{
    HANDLE vhdHandle;
    _VIRTUAL_STORAGE_TYPE storageType;
    storageType.DeviceId = VIRTUAL_STORAGE_TYPE_DEVICE_UNKNOWN;
    storageType.VendorId = VIRTUAL_STORAGE_TYPE_VENDOR_UNKNOWN;

    wchar_t path[] = L"C:\\Hyper-V\\Virtual Hard Disks\\Lacazette\\Windows2016.vhdx";
    VIRTUAL_DISK_ACCESS_MASK mask = VIRTUAL_DISK_ACCESS_GET_INFO;

    PGET_VIRTUAL_DISK_INFO diskInfo;
    ULONG diskInfoSize = sizeof(GET_VIRTUAL_DISK_INFO);
    std::wcout << "size of diskinfo structure " << diskInfoSize << std::endl;
    diskInfo = (PGET_VIRTUAL_DISK_INFO)malloc(diskInfoSize);
    if (diskInfo == NULL)
    {
        std::cout << "Failed to malloc disk info,ret=" << std::endl;
        return 0;
    }


    std::wcout << "Opening Virtual disk " << path << std::endl;
    DWORD res = OpenVirtualDisk(&storageType,path,VIRTUAL_DISK_ACCESS_GET_INFO,OPEN_VIRTUAL_DISK_FLAG_NO_PARENTS,NULL,&vhdHandle);

    if (res != ERROR_SUCCESS)
    {
        std::cout << "Failed to open disk,ret=" << res << std::endl;
        return 0;
    }

    diskInfo->Version = GET_VIRTUAL_DISK_INFO_SIZE;
    res = GetVirtualDiskInformation(vhdHandle,&diskInfoSize,diskInfo,NULL);
    if (res != ERROR_SUCCESS)
    {
        std::cout << "Failed to GET_VIRTUAL_DISK_INFO_SIZE,ret=" << res << std::endl;
    }
    long physicalSize = diskInfo->Size.PhysicalSize;
    long virtualSize = diskInfo->Size.VirtualSize;
    long sectorSize = diskInfo->Size.SectorSize;
    long blockSize = diskInfo->Size.BlockSize;
    std::wcout << "physicalSize :" << physicalSize << std::endl;
    std::wcout << "virtualSize :" << virtualSize << std::endl;
    std::wcout << "sectorSize :" << sectorSize << std::endl;
    std::wcout << "blockSize :" << blockSize << std::endl;

    diskInfo->Version = GET_VIRTUAL_DISK_INFO_CHANGE_TRACKING_STATE;

    res = GetVirtualDiskInformation(vhdHandle,NULL);
    if (res != ERROR_SUCCESS)
    {
        std::cout << "Failed to GET_VIRTUAL_DISK_INFO_CHANGE_TRACKING_STATE,ret=" << res << std::endl;
    }
    std::cout << "\nrct id:" << diskInfo->ChangeTrackingState.MostRecentId << std::endl;

    std::cout << "\nQuerying for changed disk areas...\n" << std::endl;

    wchar_t rctId[] = L"rctX:c2eb01d9:ccb1:405d:acb6:f0e76d055906:00000001";
    ULONG64   byteOffset = 0L;
    ULONG64   byteLength = 19327352832;
    QUERY_CHANGES_VIRTUAL_DISK_RANGE* changedAreas = NULL;
    ULONG     rangeCount = 0L;
    ULONG64   processedLength = 0L;
    res = QueryChangesVirtualDisk(&vhdHandle,rctId,byteOffset,byteLength,QUERY_CHANGES_VIRTUAL_DISK_FLAG_NONE,changedAreas,&rangeCount,&processedLength);

    if (res != ERROR_SUCCESS)
    {
        std::cout << "Failed to get chanegd areas,ret=" << res << std::endl;
        if (vhdHandle != NULL)
        {
            CloseHandle(vhdHandle);
            std::cout << "closing handle!" <<std::endl;
        }
        return 0;
    }

    std::cout << "Total changed areas:" << rangeCount << std::endl;
    std::cout << "Total processed length:" << processedLength << std::endl;

    if (vhdHandle != NULL)
    {
        CloseHandle(vhdHandle);
    }
    return 0;
}

程序输出：

enter image description here

wmi资源管理器输出的屏幕截图。

enter image description here

解决方法

这在某种程度上是可行的..问题是我传递给QueryChangesVirtualDisk API的rctid格式。应如以下示例所示。我将其包含在大括号{}中，这是不正确的。以下代码成功返回了RCT更改的块

另一个观察结果是，似乎我们从GetVirtualDiskInformation获得的脱机vhdx的ChangeTrackingState.MostRecentId大于我们在VM启动时最初创建的内容。例如，我使用rctid创建了一个参考点：rctX： 4abdf273：7e45：4748：85af：78ec4af82ebf：00000000现在，当vhdx脱机时，如果我查询ChangeTrackingState.MostRecentId，它将为我提供以下信息：rctX：4abdf273：7e45：4748：85af：78ec4af82ebf：00000001导致QueryChangesVirtualDisk无效， rctid错误。以下功能希望用户从外部传递正确的rctid。显然，Get-VmReferencePoints仍仅列出较早的00000参考点。此（00001）似乎仅由GetVirtualDiskInformation API返回

enter image description here

最后，对于使用实时VM拒绝访问的另一个问题，似乎我们必须将OpenVirtualDisk中的VIRTUAL_DISK_ACCESS_MASK设置为0，以及OPEN_VIRTUAL_DISK_PARAMETERS的版本3，如下所示。这样，我们就可以从实时检查点的VM的基础磁盘查询RCT CBT。从https://github.com/cloudbase/rct-service/issues/1

得到澄清 
#include <windows.h>
#include <virtdisk.h>
#include <iostream>

bool QueryRCTData(const std::wstring& file,const std::wstring& rctid)
{
  DWORD fRet;
  HANDLE hVHD;

  VIRTUAL_STORAGE_TYPE vst = 
  {
    VIRTUAL_STORAGE_TYPE_DEVICE_UNKNOWN,{0xEC984AEC,0xA0F9,0x47e9,{ 0x90,0x1F,0x71,0x41,0x5A,0x66,0x34,0x5B }}
  };

OPEN_VIRTUAL_DISK_PARAMETERS params = { 0 };
params.Version = OPEN_VIRTUAL_DISK_VERSION_3;

DWORD fRet = OpenVirtualDisk(
         &vst,file.c_str(),(VIRTUAL_DISK_ACCESS_MASK) 0,//VIRTUAL_DISK_ACCESS_ALL,//VIRTUAL_DISK_ACCESS_GET_INFO,OPEN_VIRTUAL_DISK_FLAG_NONE,&params,&hvhd);

  if (fRet != ERROR_SUCCESS)
  {
    std::cout << "OpenVirtualDisk failed " << fRet << "\n";
    return false;
  }
  
  //query rctid 
  WCHAR vdinfo[2048];
  ZeroMemory(vdinfo,sizeof(vdinfo));
  ((GET_VIRTUAL_DISK_INFO *)vdinfo)->Version = GET_VIRTUAL_DISK_INFO_CHANGE_TRACKING_STATE;
  ULONG vdinfoSize = sizeof(vdinfo);

  fRet = GetVirtualDiskInformation(
           hVHD,&vdinfoSize,(PGET_VIRTUAL_DISK_INFO)vdinfo,NULL);

  if (fRet != ERROR_SUCCESS)
  {
    std::cout << "GetVirtualDiskInformation GET_VIRTUAL_DISK_INFO_CHANGE_TRACKING_STATE failed " << fRet << "\n";
    return false;
  }

  std::wcout << "RCT ID : " << std::wstring(((GET_VIRTUAL_DISK_INFO *)vdinfo)->ChangeTrackingState.MostRecentId) << "\n";
  
  //query disk length 
  ZeroMemory(vdinfo,sizeof(vdinfo));
  ((GET_VIRTUAL_DISK_INFO *)vdinfo)->Version = GET_VIRTUAL_DISK_INFO_SIZE;
  vdinfoSize = sizeof(vdinfo);

  fRet = GetVirtualDiskInformation(
           hVHD,NULL);

  if (fRet != ERROR_SUCCESS)
  {
    std::cout << "GetVirtualDiskInformation GET_VIRTUAL_DISK_INFO_SIZE failed " << fRet << "\n";
    return false;
  }

  std::cout << "Disk length : " << ((GET_VIRTUAL_DISK_INFO *)vdinfo)->Size.VirtualSize << "\n";

  ULONG RangeCount = 1024;
  ULONG64 ProcessedLength = 0;
  QUERY_CHANGES_VIRTUAL_DISK_RANGE Ranges[1024] = { 0 };

  fRet = QueryChangesVirtualDisk(
            hVHD,rctid.c_str(),//((GET_VIRTUAL_DISK_INFO *)vdinfo)->ChangeTrackingState.MostRecentId,((GET_VIRTUAL_DISK_INFO *)vdinfo)->Size.VirtualSize,QUERY_CHANGES_VIRTUAL_DISK_FLAG_NONE,Ranges,&RangeCount,&ProcessedLength);

  if (fRet != ERROR_SUCCESS)
  {
    std::cout << "QueryChangesVirtualDisk failed " << fRet << "\n";
    return false;
  }

  std::cout << "RangeCount : " << RangeCount << "\n";
  std::cout << "ProcessedLength : " << ProcessedLength << "\n";

  for (int i = 0; i < RangeCount; i++)
  {
    std::cout << "Range offset : " << Ranges[i].ByteOffset << "\n";
    std::cout << "Range length : " << Ranges[i].ByteLength << "\n";
  }

  CloseHandle(hVHD);

  return true;
}

int main(void)
{
  QueryRCTData(L"D:\\BACKUP\\INCR\\Virtual Hard Disks\\2019.vhdx",L"rctX:4abdf273:7e45:4748:85af:78ec4af82ebf:00000000");
  return 0;
}

#pragma comment(lib,"virtdisk.lib")

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