如何解决tensorflow：在Windows 7上使用g ++ 6.3.0通过MinGW构建op时发生错误
我是tensorflow的新手，旨在运行由另一个用户创建的预构建模型。作为此过程的第一步，我正在尝试构建多个操作。但是，我什至无法构建基本操作，更不用说那些实际执行有用任务的操作了。举个例子，我遵循these directions，并创建了以下内容为zero_out.cc：
#include "tensorflow/core/framework/op.h"
#include "tensorflow/core/framework/op_kernel.h"
REGISTER_OP("ZeroOut")
.Input("to_zero: int32")
.Output("zeroed: int32");
using namespace tensorflow;
class ZeroOutOp : public OpKernel {
public:
explicit ZeroOutOp(OpKernelConstruction* context) : OpKernel(context) {}
void Compute(OpKernelContext* context) override {
// Grab the input tensor
const Tensor& input_tensor = context->input(0);
auto input = input_tensor.flat<int32>();
// Create an output tensor
Tensor* output_tensor = NULL;
OP_REQUIRES_OK(context,context->allocate_output(0,input_tensor.shape(),&output_tensor));
auto output = output_tensor->template flat<int32>();
// Set all but the first element of the output tensor to 0.
const int N = input.size();
for (int i = 1; i < N; i++) {
output(i) = 0;
}
// Preserve the first input value if possible.
if (N > 0) output(0) = input(0);
}
};
然后，我尝试在cmd（通过g++ 6.3.0安装的调用MinGW）中运行以下命令：
g++ -std=c++11 -msse2 -shared zero_out.cc -o zero_out.so -I "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include" -l tensorflow_framework -L "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow" -fPIC -Wl,-rpath "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow"
上面的行没有产生.so文件，而是产生了一系列错误（为了满足Stack Overflow字符限制，我将其截短了）：
In file included from C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/google/protobuf/message_lite.h:48:0,from C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/google/protobuf/generated_enum_util.h:36,from C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/google/protobuf/map.h:48,from C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/google/protobuf/generated_message_table_driven.h:34,from C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/tensorflow/core/framework/op_def.pb.h:26,from C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/tensorflow/core/framework/op_def_builder.h:24,from C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/tensorflow/core/framework/op.h:23,from zero_out.cc:1:
C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/google/protobuf/stubs/once.h:43:24: error: 'once_flag' in namespace 'std' does not name a type
using once_flag = std::once_flag;
^~~~~~~~~
C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/google/protobuf/stubs/once.h: In function 'void google::protobuf::internal::call_once(Args&& ...)':
C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/google/protobuf/stubs/once.h:46:3: error: 'call_once' is not a member of 'std'
std::call_once(std::forward<Args>(args)...);
^~~
C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/google/protobuf/stubs/once.h:46:3: note: suggested alternative:
C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/google/protobuf/stubs/once.h:45:6: note: 'google::protobuf::internal::call_once'
void call_once(Args&&... args ) {
^~~~~~~~~
In file included from C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/google/protobuf/descriptor.h:62:0,from C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/google/protobuf/generated_message_reflection.h:47,from C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/tensorflow/core/framework/op_def.pb.h:30,from zero_out.cc:1:
C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/google/protobuf/stubs/mutex.h: At global scope:
C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/google/protobuf/stubs/mutex.h:107:8: error: 'mutex' in namespace 'std' does not name a type
std::mutex mu_;
^~~~~
C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/google/protobuf/stubs/mutex.h: In member function 'void google::protobuf::internal::WrappedMutex::Lock()':
C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/google/protobuf/stubs/mutex.h:99:43: error: 'mu_' was not declared in this scope
void Lock() GOOGLE_PROTOBUF_ACQUIRE() { mu_.lock(); }
^~~
C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/google/protobuf/stubs/mutex.h: In member function 'void google::protobuf::internal::WrappedMutex::Unlock()':
C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/google/protobuf/stubs/mutex.h:100:45: error: 'mu_' was not declared in this scope
void Unlock() GOOGLE_PROTOBUF_RELEASE() { mu_.unlock(); }
^~~
In file included from C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/google/protobuf/generated_message_reflection.h:47:0,from zero_out.cc:1:
C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/google/protobuf/descriptor.h: At global scope:
C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/google/protobuf/descriptor.h:221:13: error: 'once_flag' in namespace 'google::protobuf::internal' does not name a type
internal::once_flag* once_;
^~~~~~~~~
C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/google/protobuf/descriptor.h: In member function 'void google::protobuf::internal::LazyDescriptor::Init()':
C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/google/protobuf/descriptor.h:189:5: error: 'once_' was not declared in this scope
once_ = nullptr;
^~~~~
C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/google/protobuf/descriptor.h: At global scope:
C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/google/protobuf/descriptor.h:787:13: error: 'once_flag' in namespace 'google::protobuf::internal' does not name a type
internal::once_flag* type_once_;
^~~~~~~~~
C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/google/protobuf/descriptor.h:1461:13: error: 'once_flag' in namespace 'google::protobuf::internal' does not name a type
internal::once_flag* dependencies_once_;
^~~~~~~~~
C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/google/protobuf/descriptor.h: In member function 'google::protobuf::FieldDescriptor::Type google::protobuf::FieldDescriptor::type() const':
C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/google/protobuf/descriptor.h:2053:7: error: 'type_once_' was not declared in this scope
if (type_once_) {
^~~~~~~~~~
In file included from C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/tensorflow/core/framework/op_def.pb.h:30:0,from zero_out.cc:1:
C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/google/protobuf/generated_message_reflection.h: At global scope:
C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/google/protobuf/generated_message_reflection.h:271:3: error: 'once_flag' does not name a type
once_flag* once;
^~~~~~~~~
In file included from C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/tensorflow/core/framework/op.h:32:0,from zero_out.cc:1:
C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/tensorflow/core/platform/mutex.h:231:8: error: 'cv_status' in namespace 'std' does not name a type
std::cv_status wait_for(mutex_lock& lock,^~~~~~~~~
C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/tensorflow/core/platform/mutex.h: In function 'tensorflow::ConditionResult tensorflow::WaitForMilliseconds(tensorflow::mutex_lock*,tensorflow::condition_variable*,tensorflow::int64)':
C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/tensorflow/core/platform/mutex.h:249:3: error: 'cv_status' is not a member of 'std'
std::cv_status s = cv->wait_for(*mu,std::chrono::milliseconds(ms));
^~~
C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/tensorflow/core/platform/mutex.h:250:11: error: 's' was not declared in this scope
return (s == std::cv_status::timeout) ? kCond_Timeout : kCond_MaybeNotified;
^
C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/tensorflow/core/platform/mutex.h:250:21: error: 'std::cv_status' has not been declared
return (s == std::cv_status::timeout) ? kCond_Timeout : kCond_MaybeNotified;
^~~~~~~~~
In file included from C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/tensorflow/core/platform/mutex.h:310:0,from C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/tensorflow/core/framework/op.h:32,from zero_out.cc:1:
C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/tensorflow/core/platform/default/mutex.h: At global scope:
C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/tensorflow/core/platform/default/mutex.h:25:6: error: 'cv_status' in namespace 'std' does not name a type
std::cv_status wait_until_system_clock(
^~~~~~~~~
C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/tensorflow/core/platform/default/mutex.h:31:6: error: 'cv_status' in namespace 'std' does not name a type
std::cv_status condition_variable::wait_for(
^~~~~~~~~
In file included from C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/third_party/eigen3/unsupported/Eigen/CXX11/Tensor:1:0,from C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/tensorflow/core/framework/numeric_types.h:20,from C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/tensorflow/core/framework/allocator.h:26,from C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/tensorflow/core/framework/op_kernel.h:24,from zero_out.cc:2:
C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/unsupported/Eigen/CXX11/Tensor:44:17: error: conflicting declaration 'typedef long int int32_t'
typedef __int32 int32_t;
^~~~~~~
In file included from c:\mingw\lib\gcc\mingw32\6.3.0\include\stdint.h:9:0,from c:\mingw\lib\gcc\mingw32\6.3.0\include\c++\cstdint:41,from c:\mingw\lib\gcc\mingw32\6.3.0\include\c++\bits\char_traits.h:420,from c:\mingw\lib\gcc\mingw32\6.3.0\include\c++\string:40,from c:\mingw\lib\gcc\mingw32\6.3.0\include\c++\stdexcept:39,from c:\mingw\lib\gcc\mingw32\6.3.0\include\c++\array:39,from c:\mingw\lib\gcc\mingw32\6.3.0\include\c++\tuple:39,from c:\mingw\lib\gcc\mingw32\6.3.0\include\c++\functional:55,from C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/tensorflow/core/framework/op.h:19,from zero_out.cc:1:
c:\mingw\include\stdint.h:62:15: note: previous declaration as 'typedef int int32_t'
typedef int int32_t;
^~~~~~~
In file included from C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/third_party/eigen3/unsupported/Eigen/CXX11/Tensor:1:0,from zero_out.cc:2:
C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/unsupported/Eigen/CXX11/Tensor:45:26: error: conflicting declaration 'typedef long unsigned int uint32_t'
typedef unsigned __int32 uint32_t;
^~~~~~~~
In file included from c:\mingw\lib\gcc\mingw32\6.3.0\include\stdint.h:9:0,from zero_out.cc:1:
c:\mingw\include\stdint.h:63:19: note: previous declaration as 'typedef unsigned int uint32_t'
typedef unsigned uint32_t;
^~~~~~~~
In file included from C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/tensorflow/core/platform/notification.h:27:0,from C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/tensorflow/core/lib/core/notification.h:21,from C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/tensorflow/core/framework/cancellation.h:22,from C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/tensorflow/core/framework/op_kernel.h:25,from zero_out.cc:2:
C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/tensorflow/core/platform/default/notification.h: In member function 'bool tensorflow::Notification::WaitForNotificationWithTimeout(tensorflow::int64)':
C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/tensorflow/core/platform/default/notification.h:69:20: error: 'class tensorflow::condition_variable' has no member named 'wait_for'; did you mean 'wait'?
cv_.wait_for(l,std::chrono::microseconds(timeout_in_us)) !=
^~~~~~~~
C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/tensorflow/core/platform/default/notification.h:70:25: error: 'std::cv_status' has not been declared
std::cv_status::timeout);
^~~~~~~~~
In file included from C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/third_party/eigen3/unsupported/Eigen/CXX11/Tensor:1:0,from C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/tensorflow/core/framework/tensor.h:22,from C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/tensorflow/core/framework/device_base.h:26,from C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/tensorflow/core/framework/op_kernel.h:27,from zero_out.cc:2:
C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/unsupported/Eigen/CXX11/Tensor: At global scope:
C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/unsupported/Eigen/CXX11/Tensor:44:17: error: conflicting declaration 'typedef long int int32_t'
typedef __int32 int32_t;
^~~~~~~
In file included from c:\mingw\lib\gcc\mingw32\6.3.0\include\stdint.h:9:0,from zero_out.cc:1:
c:\mingw\include\stdint.h:63:19: note: previous declaration as 'typedef unsigned int uint32_t'
typedef unsigned uint32_t;
^~~~~~~~
In file included from C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/third_party/eigen3/unsupported/Eigen/CXX11/Tensor:1:0,from C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/tensorflow/core/framework/tensor_shape.h:21,from C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/tensorflow/core/framework/tensor.h:24,from C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/tensorflow/core/framework/tensor_types.h:19,from C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include/tensorflow/core/framework/tensor.h:25,from zero_out.cc:1:
c:\mingw\include\stdint.h:62:15: note: previous declaration as 'typedef int int32_t'
typedef int int32_t;
^~~~~~~
考虑到zero_out.cc的基本外观（至少在我的新手看来），我的怀疑是主要问题出在其他地方。值得注意的是，我尝试构建现有操作也引发了冲突的声明错误，因此，即使我在编写zero_out.cc时犯了一些错误，也不是问题的全部。据我所读，后来的C ++标准应该解决了与变量模板有关的问题，但是无论我使用-std=c++11，-std=c++14还是-std=c++17，我都遇到了相同的确切错误。作为对g++的调用中的选项（我尝试过的其他选项）。似乎也不必为了重写基本文件而必须手动重写一堆标准安装的文件。
可能有一些可笑的简单错误正在逃避我的理解，因此对于新手可能提出的一个非常基本的问题，我深表歉意。不过，我们将不胜感激您提供的任何见解。
（只是在相关的情况下，我最初尝试从源代码构建tensorflow并遇到bazel和bazelisk的许多问题。最近，在卸载了以前的tensorflow版本后，我从pip安装了tensorflow，该方法可以正常工作，据我所知，但是，我不确定我以前的安装尝试留下的任何工件是否可能与新安装相冲突，并且坦率地说，我对tensorflow并不熟悉甚至不确定如何开始诊断此类问题。）
更新：我忍不住要硬着头皮，只使用Visual Studio进行内核编译-即使我想避免不必要地依赖专有工具，但似乎并没有太多一个选择。如果它对其他人有帮助，则以下命令提示符适用于zero_out.cc：
cpp -std=c++11 -msse2 -shared "C:/Users/Admin/AppData/Local/Programs/Python/Python38/Lib/site-packages/tensorflow/tensorflow/tensorflow/core/kernels/zero_out.cc" -o "C:/Users/Admin/AppData/Local/Programs/Python/Python38/Lib/site-packages/tensorflow/tensorflow/tensorflow/core/kernels/zero_out.so" -I "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow\include" -l tensorflow_framework -L "C:\Users\Admin\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\tensorflow"
话虽如此，我仍然对涉及g++或类似工具的任何潜在解决方案感兴趣，因此我将这个问题保持原样，以便其他人可以发布他们的任何答案。 （此外，尽管上面的代码行适用于zero_out.cc，但它导致其他一些内核出错。不过，这似乎是一个不同的问题，因此，如果可以，我将其作为一个单独的问题发布，不能自己解决。）
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