如何解决Django TypeError-'ModelBase'对象不可迭代
我搜索了所有其他与此主题类似的问题的主题，但是没有任何效果。希望有人在这里可以有所帮助。仅在尝试访问“ API /订单”时失败。
我遇到以下错误
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\projects\venv\lib\site-packages\django\core\handlers\exception.py",line 47,in inner
response = get_response(request)
File "C:\Users\projects\venv\lib\site-packages\django\core\handlers\base.py",line 179,in _get_response
response = wrapped_callback(request,*callback_args,**callback_kwargs)
File "C:\Users\thard\projects\foreside\venv\lib\site-packages\django\views\decorators\csrf.py",line 54,in wrapped_view
return view_func(*args,**kwargs)
File "C:\Users\projects\venv\lib\site-packages\rest_framework\viewsets.py",line 114,in view
return self.dispatch(request,*args,**kwargs)
File "C:\Users\projects\venv\lib\site-packages\rest_framework\views.py",line 505,in dispatch
response = self.handle_exception(exc)
File "C:\Users\projects\venv\lib\site-packages\rest_framework\views.py",line 465,in handle_exception
self.raise_uncaught_exception(exc)
File "C:\Users\projects\venv\lib\site-packages\rest_framework\views.py",line 476,in raise_uncaught_exception
raise exc
File "C:\Users\projects\venv\lib\site-packages\rest_framework\views.py",line 502,in dispatch
response = handler(request,**kwargs)
File "C:\Users\projects\venv\lib\site-packages\rest_framework\mixins.py",line 46,in list
return Response(serializer.data)
File "C:\Users\projects\venv\lib\site-packages\rest_framework\serializers.py",line 760,in data
ret = super().data
File "C:\Users\projects\venv\lib\site-packages\rest_framework\serializers.py",line 260,in data
self._data = self.to_representation(self.instance)
File "C:\Users\projects\venv\lib\site-packages\rest_framework\serializers.py",line 677,in to_representation
return [
Exception Type: TypeError at /api/orders/
Exception Value: 'ModelBase' object is not iterable
以下是相关文件
users.models.py
from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractUser
class User(AbstractUser):
ADMIN = 1
APPROVER = 2
TRADER = 3
USER_ROLE_CHOICES = (
(ADMIN,'admin'),(APPROVER,'approver'),(TRADER,'trader'),)
role = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField(choices=USER_ROLE_CHOICES)
REQUIRED_FIELDS = ['role','email']
class Meta:
verbose_name = 'user'
verbose_name_plural = 'users'
def get_full_name(self):
return '%s %s' % (self.first_name,self.last_name)
def get_short_name(self):
return self.first_name
def __str__(self):
return self.username
class Order(models.Model):
ADMIN = 1
APPROVER = 2
TRADER = 3
USER_ROLE_CHOICES = (
(ADMIN,)
name = models.CharField(max_length=50)
order_time = models.DateField(auto_now_add=True)
client = models.CharField(max_length=50)
stock = models.CharField(max_length=10)
qty = models.PositiveIntegerField()
transaction_price = models.FloatField()
payment_method = models.FloatField
settlement = models.DateField(auto_now=True)
status = models.CharField(max_length=50,default="new")
reason = models.CharField(max_length=50,default="new order")
modified_by = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField(choices=USER_ROLE_CHOICES)
REQUIRED_FIELDS = [
'order_time','stock','qty','transaction_price','settlement','status','reason','modified_by',]
class Meta:
verbose_name = 'order'
verbose_name_plural = 'orders'
user.urls.py
from rest_framework.routers import DefaultRouter
from django.urls import path,include
from user import views
router = DefaultRouter()
router.register('users',views.UserViewSet,basename='user-list')
router.register('login',views.LoginView,basename='login')
router.register('orders',views.OrderViewSet,basename='order-list')
urlpatterns = [
path('',include(router.urls)),path('account/logout/',views.LogoutView.as_view(),name='logout')
]
project.urls.py
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path,include
urlpatterns = [
path('admin/',admin.site.urls),path('api/',include('user.urls'))
]
user.permissions.py
# from django.contrib.auth.models import Group
from rest_framework import permissions
ADMIN = 1
APPROVER = 2
TRADER = 3
def _is_in_role(user,role_name):
try:
return user.role == role_name
except:
return None
def _has_role_permission(user,required_roles):
return any([_is_in_role(user,role_name) for role_name in required_roles])
class IsAdminUser(permissions.BasePermission):
required_roles = [ADMIN,]
def has_permission(self,request,view):
has_role_permission = _has_role_permission(request.user,self.required_roles)
return request.user and has_role_permission
def has_object_permission(self,view,obj):
has_role_permission = _has_role_permission(request.user,self.required_roles)
return request.user and has_role_permission
class IsAdminOrApproverUser(permissions.BasePermission):
required_roles = [ADMIN,APPROVER,self.required_roles)
return request.user and has_role_permission
class IsAdminOrTraderUser(permissions.BasePermission):
required_roles = [ADMIN,TRADER,self.required_roles)
return request.user and has_role_permission
users.serializers.py
from rest_framework.serializers import ModelSerializer
from user.models import User,Order
class UserSerializer(ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
fields = ('id','first_name','last_name','username','password','role','email')
model = User
extra_kwargs = {'password': {'write_only': True}}
def create(self,validated_data):
user = User.objects.create(**validated_data)
user.set_password(validated_data['password'])
user.is_staff = True
user.save()
return user
class OrderSerializer(ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
fields = (
'id','name','order_time','client','payment_method',)
model = Order
settings.py的相关部分
...
INSTALLED_APPS = [
...,'rest_framework','rest_framework.authtoken','user',]
AUTH_USER_MODEL = 'user.User'
...
user.views.py
from django.shortcuts import render
from rest_framework import status
from rest_framework.authentication import TokenAuthentication
from rest_framework.authtoken.serializers import AuthTokenSerializer
from rest_framework.authtoken.views import ObtainAuthToken
from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.viewsets import ViewSet,ModelViewSet
from rest_framework.permissions import AllowAny
from user.permissions import IsAdminUser,IsAdminOrApproverUser,IsAdminOrTraderUser
from user.models import User,Order
from user.serializers import UserSerializer,OrderSerializer
class UserViewSet(ModelViewSet):
queryset = User.objects.all()
serializer_class = UserSerializer
authentication_classes = [TokenAuthentication]
def get_permissions(self):
permission_classes = []
if self.action == 'create':
permission_classes = [IsAdminUser]
elif self.action == 'list':
permission_classes = [IsAdminUser]
elif self.action == 'retrieve' or self.action == 'update' or self.action == 'partial_update':
permission_classes = [IsAdminUser]
elif self.action == 'destroy':
permission_classes = [IsAdminUser]
return [permission() for permission in permission_classes]
class LoginView(ViewSet):
serializer_class = AuthTokenSerializer
def create(self,request):
return ObtainAuthToken().post(request)
class LogoutView(APIView):
def get(self,format=None):
request.user.auth_token.delete()
return Response(status=status.HTTP_200_OK)
class OrderViewSet(ModelViewSet):
queryset = Order
serializer_class = OrderSerializer
authentication_classes = [TokenAuthentication]
def get_permissions(self):
permission_classes = []
if self.action == 'create':
permission_classes = [IsAdminOrTraderUser]
elif self.action == 'list':
permission_classes = [IsAdminOrTraderUser]
elif self.action == 'retrieve' or self.action == 'update':
permission_classes = [IsAdminOrTraderUser]
elif self.action == 'partial_update':
permission_classes = [IsAdminOrApproverUser]
elif self.action == 'destroy':
permission_classes = [IsAdminUser]
return [permission() for permission in permission_classes]
。
解决方法
queryset 属性必须是 QuerySet ，而不是 模型类
class OrderViewSet(ModelViewSet):
queryset = Order.objects.all()
# rest of your code您没有为查询集定义直接模型名称，它会引发错误
queryset = Order //(it is a wrong way),正确的方法是定义查询集
queryset = Order.objects.all()
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