Python 3.8.5升级路径混乱：ModuleNotFoundError：没有名为“ jupyter_core”的模块

如何解决Python 3.8.5升级路径混乱：ModuleNotFoundError：没有名为“ jupyter_core”的模块

我正在使用bash在运行Mojave（10.14.6）的Mac上，无意中发布了一个

brew python upgrade

而不是更新，并且在3.7之前的版本中安装了Python 3.8.5。我继续创建了一个名为p3的新virtualenv（20.0.30）并激活了它，然后尝试运行jupyter lab，并为jupyter_core获取了ModuleNotFoundError：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/michael.bauer/.virtualenvs/p3/bin/jupyter",line 5,in <module>
    from jupyter_core.command import main
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'jupyter_core'

当我检查python路径和可执行文件时，会得到：

(p3) michael.bauer:~ $ python
Python 3.8.5 (default,Jul 21 2020,10:42:08) 
...
>>> import sys
>>> sys.path
['','/usr/local/opt/python@3.8/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python38.zip','/usr/local/opt/python@3.8/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8','/usr/local/opt/python@3.8/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/lib-dynload','/Users/michael.bauer/.virtualenvs/p3/lib/python3.8/site-packages','/usr/local/opt/python@3.8/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/site-packages'
]
>>> sys.executable
'/usr/local/opt/python@3.8/bin/python3.8'

在前三个Framework目录之后查看Python中的路径，并查看虚拟环境站点包：

ls -dx .virtualenvs/p3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/jup*
.virtualenvs/p3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/jupyter-1.0.0.dist-info
.virtualenvs/p3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/jupyter.py
.virtualenvs/p3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/jupyter_client
.virtualenvs/p3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/jupyter_client-6.1.6.dist-info
.virtualenvs/p3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/jupyter_console
.virtualenvs/p3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/jupyter_console-6.1.0.dist-info
.virtualenvs/p3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/jupyter_core
.virtualenvs/p3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/jupyter_core-4.6.3.dist-info
.virtualenvs/p3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/jupyterlab
.virtualenvs/p3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/jupyterlab-2.2.4.dist-info
.virtualenvs/p3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/jupyterlab_server
.virtualenvs/p3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/jupyterlab_server-1.2.0.dist-info

您在该目录中看到jupyter_core，并在虚拟环境中的bash中查看$ PATH

(p3) michael.bauer:envelope $ echo $PATH
/Users/michael.bauer/.virtualenvs/p3/bin:
/Users/michael.bauer/.jenv/shims:
/Users/michael.bauer/.jenv/bin:
/usr/local/opt/python/libexec/bin:
/usr/local/bin:
/usr/bin:
/bin:
/usr/sbin:
/sbin:
/Library/TeX/texbin:
/Library/Frameworks/Mono.framework/Versions/Current/Commands

它在前面有虚拟环境，当我检查哪个jupyter和python

(p3) michael.bauer:~ $ which jupyter
/Users/michael.bauer/.virtualenvs/p3/bin/jupyter

(p3) michael.bauer:envelope $ which python
/Users/michael.bauer/.virtualenvs/p3/bin/python

我在虚拟环境中得到了它们。现在，当我不激活虚拟环境并检查Python路径和可执行文件时，我得到：

michael.bauer:~ $ python
Python 3.8.5 (default,10:42:08) 
...
>>> import sys
>>> print(sys.path)
['','/usr/local/Cellar/python@3.8/3.8.5/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python38.zip','/usr/local/Cellar/python@3.8/3.8.5/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8','/usr/local/Cellar/python@3.8/3.8.5/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/lib-dynload','/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages']
>>> sys.executable
'/usr/local/opt/python@3.8/bin/python3.8'
>>> 

如果我查看非框架路径中的站点包

michael.bauer:~ $ ls /usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages
__pycache__                      distlib                          isodate                          setuptools                       virtualenv
aenum                            distlib-0.3.1.dist-info          isodate-0.6.0.dist-info          setuptools-49.2.0-py3.8.egg-info virtualenv-20.0.30.dist-info
aenum-2.2.4.dist-info            easy_install.py                  pip                              sitecustomize.py                 wheel
appdirs-1.4.4.dist-info          filelock-3.0.12.dist-info        pip-20.1.1-py3.8.egg-info        six-1.15.0.dist-info             wheel-0.34.2-py3.8.egg-info
appdirs.py                       filelock.py                      pkg_resources                    six.py

我在任何地方都看不到jupyter_core。检查哪个python和jupyter：

michael.bauer:~ $ which python
/usr/local/opt/python/libexec/bin/python
michael.bauer:~ $ python --version
Python 3.8.5

michael.bauer:~ $ which jupyter
/usr/local/bin/jupyter
michael.bauer:~ $ jupyter --version
jupyter core     : 4.6.3
jupyter-notebook : 6.0.3
qtconsole        : not installed
ipython          : 7.16.1
ipykernel        : 5.3.4
jupyter client   : 6.1.6
jupyter lab      : 2.2.2
nbconvert        : 5.6.1
ipywidgets       : not installed
nbformat         : 5.0.7
traitlets        : 4.3.3

当我找到jupyter_core时

/Users/michael.bauer/.virtualenvs/data/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jupyter_core
/usr/local/Cellar/ipython/7.16.1/libexec/vendor/lib/python3.8/site-packages/jupyter_core
/usr/local/Cellar/jupyterlab/2.2.2/libexec/lib/python3.8/site-packages/jupyter_core
/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jupyter_core

我在早期的Python中看到了安装位置，现在在新的Python网站包中看到了安装位置。这是我的.bashrc

# TERMINAL
export CLICOLOR=1
export LSCOLORS=ExFxBxDxCxegedabagacad
export PS1="\u:\W \$ "
# PATHS
export PATH=/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:$PATH
# PIPX
export PIPX_HOME="/usr/local/opt/pipx"
export PIPX_BIN_DIR="/usr/local/bin"
# Aliases
alias pjson='python -m json.tool'
alias pygmy='pygmentize -l javascript'
alias dk='docker-compose'
alias hup="history | cut -c 8-"
alias pup="source ~/.virtualenvs/p3/bin/activate"
alias nup="source ~/.virtualenvs/nbdev/bin/activate"
alias jup="jupyter lab"
alias yup="source /Users/michael.bauer/.bashrc"
alias pdn="deactivate"
alias gremlin="/usr/local/etc/apache-tinkerpop-gremlin-console-3.4.7/bin/gremlin.sh"

force_color_prompt=yes

# JSON
purt() {
    echo $1 | python -m json.tool
}
# Java
export PATH="$HOME/.jenv/bin:$PATH"

我一直在考虑使用pyenv来管理Python版本，但我只是不明白为什么它没有在以下版本中获取版本

/Users/michael.bauer/.virtualenvs/p3/lib/python3.8/site-packages

这是我的p3虚拟环境中的路径，也是为什么当我不在虚拟环境中时会选择它，为什么定位只能在先前的虚拟环境中找到它。