如何解决Django使用Foreignkey查询模型
我正在创建一个客户管理项目,在此我想查询一些与外键有关的模型。
我已经创建了这些模型。
from django.db import models
class Customer(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=250,null=True)
phone = models.CharField(max_length=10,null=True)
email = models.CharField(max_length=250,null=True)
date_created = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True,null=True)
# to get name as string on behalf of "Customer Object 1" in DB.
def __str__(self):
return self.name
class Tag(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=250,null=True)
def __str__(self):
return self.name
class Product(models.Model):
# To make a dropdown menu to choose category.
CATEGORY = (
('Indoor','Indoor'),('Out Door','Out Door'),)
name = models.CharField(max_length=250,null=True)
price = models.FloatField(null=True)
category = models.CharField(max_length=250,null=True,choices=CATEGORY)
description = models.CharField(max_length=250,blank=True)
date_created = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True,null=True)
tags = models.ManyToManyField(Tag)
def __str__(self):
return self.name
class Order(models.Model):
# To make a dropdown menu to choose status.
STATUS = (
('Pending','Pending'),('Out for Delivery','Out for Delivery'),('Delivered','Delivered'),)
customer = models.ForeignKey(Customer,on_delete=models.SET_NULL)
product = models.ForeignKey(Product,on_delete=models.SET_NULL)
date_created = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True,null=True)
status = models.CharField(max_length=250,choices=STATUS)
Views.py
from django.shortcuts import render
from .models import *
def home(request):
customers = Customer.objects.all()
orders = Order.objects.all()
total_customers = customers.count()
total_orders = orders.count()
delivered = orders.filter(status='Delivered').count()
pending = orders.filter(status='Pending').count()
front_end_stuff = {'customers': customers,'orders': orders,'total_customers': total_customers,'total_orders': total_orders,'delivered': delivered,'pending': pending,}
return render(request,'accounts/dashboard.html',context=front_end_stuff)
def products(request):
products_ = Product.objects.all()
return render(request,'accounts/products.html',context={'products': products_})
def customer(request,pk):
customers = Customer.objects.filter(id=pk)
orders = Order.objects.filter(id=pk)
customer_products = Product.objects.filter(id=pk)
total_orders = orders.count()
front_end_stuff = {'customers': customers,'customer_products': customer_products
}
return render(request,'accounts/customer.html',context=front_end_stuff)
我想获取特定客户下达的订单状态,我还设置了用于获取客户资料查看页面的动态网址,并希望在其中循环浏览并在相应字段中打印出状态。
我已经在我想要数据的客户个人资料查看页面上附加了图像。
我尝试了一个在互联网上发现的查询:
customers = Customer.objects.filter(id=pk)
status = customers.order_set.all()
但是我得到一个错误
AttributeError:“ QuerySet”对象没有属性“ order_set”
我正在使用:
- Windows 10,
- Python 3.7,
- Django 3.0.7。
解决方法
要获取客户所有订单的列表,可以尝试-
# this will give the list of orders for customer with id = pk
orders = Order.objects.filter(customer__id=pk) # it's a double underscore
您可以迭代每个订单以获取状态-
for order in orders:
print(order.status)
或者按照您尝试的方式,使用.get
代替.filter
。
customer = Customer.objects.get(id=pk) # the customer has to be present with this id else it will give an exception.
orders = customer.order_set.all()
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