如何在运行后将硬编码数据添加到Spring Boot Project中，使其在数据库中

如何解决如何在运行后将硬编码数据添加到Spring Boot Project中，使其在数据库中

我很抱歉这个问题的标题。我完全确定该如何措辞。

一些背景知识：我对Spring还是很陌生，所以有很多与Spring相关的事情完全困扰了我。我最近启动了一个新的实践项目，在其中创建了药品清单应用程序。到目前为止，我已经建立了模型和存储库。我决定实现PostgreSQL数据库。

过去我从事过一些Spring项目，如果我没有记错的话，可以对为测试目的而创建的模型的某些实例进行硬编码。因此，当您运行Spring Boot应用程序时，这些实例将已经存在于数据库中，因此事后我不必通过pgAdmin或sql shell自行添加它们。

对于将信息确切地“硬编码”在何处以及它是否将采用JSON格式，我感到困惑。我认为它将进入我的InventoryApplication.java的主要功能，因为那是我的spring boot程序正在运行的地方，但是我不确定。

以下是我的一些文件，以便了解我的项目流程：

InventoryApplication.java

package com.oasis.inventory;
import com.oasis.inventory.model.*;
import com.oasis.inventory.repository.*;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class InventoryApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(InventoryApplication.class,args);
    }
}

pharmaceutical.java

package com.oasis.inventory.model;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

import javax.persistence.*;

@Entity
@Table(name = "pharmaceuticals")
public class Pharmaceutical {

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private long id;
    
    @Column(name = "genericName")
    private String genericName;
    
    @Column(name = "brandNames")
    private ArrayList<String> brandNames;
    
    @Column(name = "strength" )
    private String strength;
    
    @Column(name = "quantity")
    private int quantity; 
    
    @ManyToMany(fetch = FetchType.LAZY,cascade = {
                CascadeType.PERSIST,CascadeType.MERGE
            })
    
    @JoinTable(name = "pharm_commonuses",joinColumns = { @JoinColumn(name = "pharmaceutical_id") },inverseJoinColumns = { @JoinColumn(name = "commonUse_id") })
    private Set<CommonUse> commonUses = new HashSet<>();
    
    public Pharmaceutical() {}
        
    public Pharmaceutical(String genericName,ArrayList<String> brandNames,String strength,int quantity) {
        this.genericName = genericName;
        this.brandNames = brandNames;
        this.strength = strength;
        this.quantity = quantity;
    }

    public String getGenericName() {
        return genericName;
    }

    public void setGenericName(String genericName) {
        this.genericName = genericName;
    }

    public ArrayList<String> getBrandNames() {
        return brandNames;
    }

    public void setBrandNames(ArrayList<String> brandNames) {
        this.brandNames = brandNames;
    }

    public String getStrength() {
        return strength;
    }

    public void setStrength(String strength) {
        this.strength = strength;
    }

    public int getQuantity() {
        return quantity;
    }

    public void setQuantity(int quantity) {
        this.quantity = quantity;
    }

    public long getId() {
        return id;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Pharmaceutical [id=" + id + ",genericName=" + genericName + ",brandNames=" + brandNames
                + ",strength=" + strength + ",quantity=" + quantity + ",commonUses=" + commonUses + "]";
    }

    public Set<CommonUse> getCommonUses() {
        return commonUses;
    }
        
}

application.properties

server.port=8081

spring.datasource.initialization-mode=always
spring.datasource.platform=postgres
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/testdb
spring.datasource.username=postgres
spring.datasource.password= sEcReT

spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.jdbc.lob.non_contextual_creation= true
spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.dialect= org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQLDialect

# Hibernate ddl auto (create,create-drop,validate,update)
# For prod,change to validate
spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto= update

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.3.2.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.oasis</groupId>
    <artifactId>inventory</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>inventory</name>
    <description>pharmaceuticals inventory management system</description>

    <properties>
        <java.version>11</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.postgresql</groupId>
            <artifactId>postgresql</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
                    <artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>