每次调用函数时如何在函数中复制，打印列表和存储值井字游戏

如何解决每次调用函数时如何在函数中复制，打印列表和存储值井字游戏

我对参数如何工作以及如何使用return语句调用函数感到困惑。我正在尝试从旧的图表创建一个新的图表，这样，如果我再次玩，它将重新开始。我尝试过将列表复制到run函数中并打印出来，但似乎新值已放在旧列表中。我也相信check_win函数可以大大简化，尽管我不确定该怎么做。

graph = [[' ','|',' ',' '],['-','+','-','-'],[' ',' ']]



def draw_graph(new_graph):
    for row in new_graph:
        for col in row:
            print(col,end = '')
        print() 


def play_game():
    again = 'yes'
    while again == 'yes':
        new_graph = graph
        draw_graph(new_graph)
        won = False
        current_player = 'player1'
        while not won:
            pos = input("Which spot do you want to place your piece (1-9)? ")
            if current_player == 'player1':
                symbol = 'X'
            elif current_player == 'player2':
                symbol = 'O'
            place_spot(pos,symbol,new_graph)
            draw_graph(new_graph)
            won = check_win(new_graph)
            current_player = flip_player(current_player)
        print("Thank you for playing.")
        again = input("Do you want to play again? (yes/no) ")


def place_spot(pos,new_graph): 
    answer = '' 
    while answer != 'good':     
        if pos == '1':
            new_graph[0][0] = symbol
            break
        if pos == '2':
            new_graph[0][2] = symbol
            break
        if pos == '3':
            new_graph[0][4] = symbol
            break
        if pos == '4':
            new_graph[2][0] = symbol
            break
        if pos == '5':
            new_graph[2][2] = symbol
            break
        if pos == '6':
            new_graph[2][4] = symbol
            break
        if pos == '7':
            new_graph[4][0] = symbol
            break
        if pos == '8':
            new_graph[4][2] = symbol
            break
        if pos == '9':
            new_graph[4][4] = symbol
            break
        else:
            print("Please enter a number (1-9).")
        
      
def check_win(new_graph):
    #top row win
    if new_graph[0][0] == 'X' and new_graph[0][2] == 'X' and new_graph[0][4] == 'X':
        print(f"Player 1 wins!")
        won = True
        return won
    #middle row win
    elif new_graph[2][0] == 'X' and new_graph[2][2] == 'X' and new_graph[2][4] == 'X':
        print(f"Player 1 wins!")
        won = True
        return won
    #bottom row win
    elif new_graph[4][0] == 'X' and new_graph[4][2] == 'X' and new_graph[4][4] == 'X':
        print(f"Player 1 wins!")
        won = True
        return won
    #left diagonal win
    elif new_graph[0][0] == 'X' and new_graph[2][2] == 'X' and new_graph[4][4] == 'X':
        print(f"Player 1 wins!")
        won = True
        return won
    #right diagonal win
    elif new_graph[0][4] == 'X' and new_graph[2][2] == 'X' and new_graph[4][0] == 'X':
        print(f"Player 1 wins!")
        won = True
        return won

    #Player 2
    #top row win
    elif new_graph[0][0] == 'O' and new_graph[0][2] == 'O' and new_graph[0][4] == 'O':
        print(f"Player 2 wins!")
        won = True
        return won
    #middle row win
    elif new_graph[2][0] == 'O' and new_graph[2][2] == 'O' and new_graph[2][4] == 'O':
        print(f"Player 2 wins!")
        won = True
        return won
    #bottom row win
    elif new_graph[4][0] == 'O' and new_graph[4][2] == 'O' and new_graph[4][4] == 'O':
        print(f"Player 2 wins!")
        won = True
        return won
    #left diagonal win
    elif new_graph[0][0] == 'O' and new_graph[2][2] == 'O' and new_graph[4][4] == 'O':
        print(f"Player 2 wins!")
        won = True
        return won
    #right diagonal win
    elif new_graph[0][4] == 'O' and new_graph[2][2] == 'O' and new_graph[4][0] == 'O':
        print(f"Player 2 wins!")
        won = True
        return won

def flip_player(player):
    if player == 'player1':
        current_player = 'player2'
        return current_player
    elif player == 'player2':
        current_player = 'player1'
        return current_player

play_game()

解决方法

您可以使用copy.deepcopy递归复制列表：

>>> x = [[1],[2],[3]]
>>> y = copy.copy(x)  # a shallow copy
>>> y[0][0] = 5  # this modifies 'x[0]' as well
>>> x
[[5],[3]]
>>> z = copy.deepcopy(x)
>>> z[0][0] = 9
>>> x
[[5],[3]]