在Javascript中显示随机图像而不重复

分类：编程问答

如何解决在Javascript中显示随机图像而不重复

我是JavaScript的完全初学者，并且具有html和css的经验。无论如何，我试图每次用户单击两个图像之一时都获得两个随机图像。我已经成功实现了代码。但是，图像不断重复。我花了整整一个小时的时间来寻找实现此目标的方法，但我发现它对我不起作用。这是我的代码，在此先感谢：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <title>My awesome website</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="styles.css">

    <script>
        function getRandomImage() {
            var images = new Array("1.jpg","2.jpg","3.jpg","4.jpg","5.jpg","6.jpg","7.jpg","8.jpg","9.jpg","10.jpg","11.jpg","12.jpg");
            var randomNum1 = Math.floor(Math.random() * images.length);
            var randomNum2 = Math.floor(Math.random() * images.length);
            if (randomNum1 == randomNum2) {
                var randomNum2 = Math.floor(Math.random() * images.length);
            }
            document.getElementById("firstPic").src = images[randomNum1]
            document.getElementById("secondPic").src = images[randomNum2]
        }
    </script>

</head>
<body>
    <div class="title">
        My awesome website
    </div>
    <pre><h1><center><img src="1.jpg" width="300px" height="300px" id="firstPic" onclick="getRandomImage()" />   or  <img src="2.jpg" width="300px" height="300px" id="secondPic" onclick="getRandomImage()" /></center></h1></pre>
</body>

编辑：我尝试使用此方法，但是idk我错了

<script>
        var images = new Array("1.jpg","12.jpg");
        var usedImgs = new Array();
            function getRandomImage() {
            var randomNum1 = Math.floor(Math.random() * images.length);
            var randomNum2 = Math.floor(Math.random() * images.length);
            while (randomNum1 == randomNum2) {
                randomNum2 = Math.floor(Math.random() * images.length);
            }
            if (!usedImgs) {
                document.getElementById("firstPic").src = images[randomNum1]
                document.getElementById("secondPic").src = images[randomNum2]
                usedImgs.push(randomNum1);
                usedImgs.push(randomNum2);
            }
            
        }
    </script>

解决方法

问题A

您的意思是仍然可以一次获得2张相同的图片？那是因为您只重试一次。

更改此：

if (randomNum1 == randomNum2) {
    var randomNum2 = Math.floor(Math.random() * images.length);
}

一段时间内数字相同，请继续尝试获取新的随机数：

while(randomNum1 == randomNum2) {
    randomNum2 = Math.floor(Math.random() * images.length);
}

问题B 

var images = new Array("1.jpg","2.jpg","3.jpg","4.jpg","5.jpg","6.jpg","7.jpg","8.jpg","9.jpg","10.jpg","11.jpg","12.jpg");
var imagesToShow = [].concat(images); // Duplcate array so we don't update the original array.
function getRandomImage() {
        
        var randomNum1 = Math.floor(Math.random() * imagesToShow.length);
        var randomNum2 = Math.floor(Math.random() * imagesToShow.length);
        while(randomNum1 == randomNum2) {
            randomNum2 = Math.floor(Math.random() * imagesToShow.length);
        }
        document.getElementById("firstPic").src = imagesToShow[randomNum1];
        document.getElementById("secondPic").src = imagesToShow[randomNum2];

        // Now remove the 2 items from the array
        //  the way below doesn't use splice becuase you have 2 indexes and that will cause issues aswell
        imagesToShow[randomNum1] = null;
        imagesToShow[randomNum2] = null;
        imagesToShow = imagesToShow.filter((it) => !!it); // Filter out the null values.

       // refill the array when we are out of images.
       if(imagesToShow.length < 2){
           imagesToShow = [].concat(images);
       }
    }
,

只需在代码上更改一行，然后将功能变为箭头功能，如下所示。请检查以下代码。希望对您有所帮助。

        <script>
            let getRandomImage = () => {
              var images = new Array(
                "1.jpg","12.jpg"
            );

            var randomNum1 = Math.floor(Math.random() * images.length);
            var randomNum2 = Math.floor(Math.random() * images.length);

            if (randomNum1 == randomNum2) {
                return getRandomImage();
            }
            document.getElementById("firstPic").src = images[randomNum1];
            document.getElementById("secondPic").src = images[randomNum2];
        };
    </script>
,

您可以创建随机数和重新分组器

// Group your set of images randomly
const groupRandom = ([...arr]) => {
  // Suffle array method
  const shuffle = (a) => {
    for(let i = a.length - 1; i > 0; i--) {
      const j = Math.floor(Math.random() * (i + 1));
      [a[i],a[j]] = [a[j],a[i]];
    }
    return a;
  }
  
  // Re-group
  const regroup = ([...arr]) => {
    let newArr = [],temp = [];
    for(let i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
      temp.push(arr[i]);
      if(temp.length === 2) newArr.push(temp),temp = [];
    }
    return newArr;
  }
  
  // Do suffle and regroup
  arr = shuffle(arr);
  arr = regroup(arr);
  return arr;
}

// test
const images = groupRandom(["1.jpg","12.jpg"]);

// Log
console.log(images);

然后您可以在示例中实现它

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <title>My awesome website</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="styles.css">

    <script>
    var groupRandom = function(arr) {
      // Suffle array method
      var shuffle = function(arr) {
        for(var i = arr.length - 1; i > 0; i--) {
          var j = Math.floor(Math.random() * (i + 1));
          [arr[i],arr[j]] = [arr[j],arr[i]];
        }
        return arr;
      }
  
      // Re-group
      var regroup = function(arr) {
        var newArr = [],temp = [];
        for(var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
          temp.push(arr[i]);
          if(temp.length === 2) newArr.push(temp),temp = [];
        }
        return newArr;
      }
  
      // Do suffle and regroup
      var arrSuffeled = shuffle(arr);
      var arrRegrouped = regroup(arrSuffeled);
      return arrRegrouped;
    };
    
    var randomImageArray = groupRandom([
      "https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn%3AANd9GcSCm-ZRY7tQpxNyZAY1DoUyqcPDjLxdijN2OA&usqp=CAU","https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn%3AANd9GcSz1cnemcZpezXe7VeDdnsuwNsdjj-wsqW3mA&usqp=CAU","https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn%3AANd9GcSBZxg_1SjUlIOxOt0kjK3VbzzNeV_t1pXM6g&usqp=CAU","https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn%3AANd9GcT8i7Jw88bGLRDxgYVrcgG7H8J3bHS7eaoYgA&usqp=CAU","https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn%3AANd9GcRQG43SPw7__lb5kq97jIigDqeEU5RFzZPbcg&usqp=CAU","https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn%3AANd9GcRi6VT0-3esZzzidJwNk-xFuWr7NDKn0JxBKQ&usqp=CAU","https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn%3AANd9GcSTavBZRe2R1EJcb29qjwhHBcuVz4k0KECebA&usqp=CAU","https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn%3AANd9GcSiQT3AF0XNgNDxk6lOS40O9NVAaMMu_Rf7Mw&usqp=CAU","https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn%3AANd9GcRhxxIS6QDXeSNZIS5ZicwMrENASa6kYJ0DgQ&usqp=CAU","https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn%3AANd9GcQuxP2c3L7G6YnNzHwmn7K8W4UWUkcnh9RNMw&usqp=CAU","https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn%3AANd9GcRBJ3DXGZI-62WJ9I2AEDM_EJKC9yRGDMhJJQ&usqp=CAU","https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn%3AANd9GcQ6HwnfnreAmYein1ZyMq0_G1rXGiaCBKvhdQ&usqp=CAU"
    ]);
    
    function getRandomImage() {
        // Check if image array not yet 0
        if(randomImageArray.length === 0) {
          alert('Array with images exhausted!');
          return false;
        }
        // Pop new group of images from array
        var newGroup = randomImageArray.pop();
        // Paste new images to img tags
        document.getElementById("firstPic").src = newGroup[0];
        document.getElementById("secondPic").src = newGroup[1];
    }
    
    // Run JS code when page (DOM) has been loaded
    document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",function() {
            getRandomImage();
        });
    </script>

</head>
<body>
    <div class="title">
        My awesome website
    </div>
    <pre><h1><center>
    <img src="" width="100px" height="100px" id="firstPic" onclick="getRandomImage()" />   or  <img src="" width="100px" height="100px" id="secondPic" onclick="getRandomImage()" />
    </center></h1></pre>
</body>

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