使用Material Design Theme进行片段隔离测试

如何解决使用Material Design Theme进行片段隔离测试

我有一个单一活动的mutli功能模块设置，看起来像这样：

/ app-一个主模块，其中包含继承材质设计样式和活动的样式资源 / menu-仅有片段和视图模型的模块功能 /其他模块...

我试图在我的Android测试中单独运行我的片段，这会导致错误，导致Material组件（在本例中为CardView）必须具有Material Theme作为其样式。确实有道理，但我尝试过。

现在我收到此错误

android.view.InflateException: Binary XML file line #21 in com.nikolam.menu.test:layout/menu_item: Binary XML file line #21 in com.nikolam.menu.test:layout/menu_item: Error inflating class com.google.android.material.card.MaterialCardView
Caused by: android.view.InflateException: Binary XML file line #21 in com.nikolam.menu.test:layout/menu_item: Error inflating class com.google.android.material.card.MaterialCardView
Caused by: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance0(Native Method)
at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:343)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.createView(LayoutInflater.java:854)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java:1006)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java:961)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.rInflate(LayoutInflater.java:1123)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.rInflateChildren(LayoutInflater.java:1084)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:682)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:534)
at com.nikolam.menu.ui.menu.adapter.MenuAdapter.onCreateViewHolder(MenuAdapter.kt:27)
at com.nikolam.menu.ui.menu.adapter.MenuAdapter.onCreateViewHolder(MenuAdapter.kt:16)
at androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView$Adapter.createViewHolder(RecyclerView.java:7266)
at androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView$Recycler.tryGetViewHolderForPositionByDeadline(RecyclerView.java:6397)
at androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView$Recycler.getViewForPosition(RecyclerView.java:6281)
at androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView$Recycler.getViewForPosition(RecyclerView.java:6277)
at androidx.recyclerview.widget.LinearLayoutManager$LayoutState.next(LinearLayoutManager.java:2330)
at androidx.recyclerview.widget.LinearLayoutManager.layoutChunk(LinearLayoutManager.java:1631)
at androidx.recyclerview.widget.LinearLayoutManager.fill(LinearLayoutManager.java:1591)
at androidx.recyclerview.widget.LinearLayoutManager.onLayoutChildren(LinearLayoutManager.java:668)
at androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView.dispatchLayoutStep2(RecyclerView.java:4277)
at androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView.dispatchLayout(RecyclerView.java:3980)
at androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView.onLayout(RecyclerView.java:4546)
at android.view.View.layout(View.java:21912)
at android.view.ViewGroup.layout(ViewGroup.java:6260)
at androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout.onLayout(ConstraintLayout.java:1915)
at android.view.View.layout(View.java:21912)
at android.view.ViewGroup.layout(ViewGroup.java:6260)
at android.widget.FrameLayout.layoutChildren(FrameLayout.java:332)
at android.widget.FrameLayout.onLayout(FrameLayout.java:270)
at android.view.View.layout(View.java:21912)
at android.view.ViewGroup.layout(ViewGroup.java:6260)
at com.android.internal.widget.ActionBarOverlayLayout.onLayout(ActionBarOverlayLayout.java:509)
at android.view.View.layout(View.java:21912)
at android.view.ViewGroup.layout(ViewGroup.java:6260)
at android.widget.FrameLayout.layoutChildren(FrameLayout.java:332)
at android.widget.FrameLayout.onLayout(FrameLayout.java:270)
at com.android.internal.policy.DecorView.onLayout(DecorView.java:779)
at android.view.View.layout(View.java:21912)
at android.view.ViewGroup.layout(ViewGroup.java:6260)
at android.view.ViewRootImpl.performLayout(ViewRootImpl.java:3080)
at android.view.ViewRootImpl.performTraversals(ViewRootImpl.java:2590)
at android.view.ViewRootImpl.doTraversal(ViewRootImpl.java:1721)
at android.view.ViewRootImpl$TraversalRunnable.run(ViewRootImpl.java:7598)
at android.view.Choreographer$CallbackRecord.run(Choreographer.java:966)
at android.view.Choreographer.doCallbacks(Choreographer.java:790)
at android.view.Choreographer.doFrame(Choreographer.java:725)
at android.view.Choreographer$FrameDisplayEventReceiver.run(Choreographer.java:951)
at android.os.Handler.handleCallback(Handler.java:883)
at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:100)
at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:214)
at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:7356)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
at com.android.internal.os.RuntimeInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(RuntimeInit.java:492)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:930)
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: The style on this component requires your app theme to be Theme.MaterialComponents (or a descendant).
at com.google.android.material.internal.ThemeEnforcement.checkTheme(ThemeEnforcement.java:240)
at com.google.android.material.internal.ThemeEnforcement.checkMaterialTheme(ThemeEnforcement.java:215)
at com.google.android.material.internal.ThemeEnforcement.checkCompatibleTheme(ThemeEnforcement.java:143)
at com.google.android.material.internal.ThemeEnforcement.obtainStyledAttributes(ThemeEnforcement.java:78)
at com.google.android.material.card.MaterialCardView.<init>(MaterialCardView.java:128)
at com.google.android.material.card.MaterialCardView.<init>(MaterialCardView.java:118)

这是不言而喻的，但这是布局的问题，它需要继承材质设计样式。是的。这只是在隔离环境（测试）中运行时的问题，否则可以正常工作。我猜想容器中的Fragment没有引用样式，但是后来我将其添加到CardView本身，这进一步使我感到困惑。

@Before
    fun setUp() {
        launchFragmentInContainer<MenuFragment>()
    }

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<layout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto">

    <data>

    <androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content">

        <com.google.android.material.card.MaterialCardView
            style="@style/Theme.MaterialComponents.DayNight"
            android:id="@+id/materialCardView"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
            app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.5"
            app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
            app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

        <androidx.appcompat.widget.AppCompatTextView
            android:id="@+id/name_textView"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="@{item.name}"
            android:textSize="30dp"
            app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.212"
            app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
            app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

        <androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView
            android:id="@+id/options_recycle_view"
            adapter="@{adapter}"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
            app:layout_constraintStart_toEndOf="@+id/name_textView"
            app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="@+id/materialCardView" />


    </androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

</layout>

清单中引用了

App主题。而且整个应用程序的样式仅在应用程序模块中，而菜单模块没有其style.xml文件。该应用程序包含项目的唯一活动。我试图找到其他人遇到同样的问题，但是没有运气。

解决方法

FragmentScenario API允许您为片段容器显式设置所需的主题。

在styles.xml中将属性定义为AppTheme的应用程序主题定义为parent=Theme.MaterialComponents，可能的MenuFragment启动调用如下：

FragmentScenario.launchInContainer(MenuFragment.class,null,R.style.AppTheme,null);

请参阅FragmentScenario文档，以获取此答案范围之外的其余参数的说明。