如何解决Logstash：映射中的字段顺序错误
我有这样的logstash配置：
input {
beats {
port => '5044'
}
}
filter {
grok {
patterns_dir => ['./patterns']
match => { 'message' => '%{TIME:timestamp}(","Event\s)(?<Event>([^"]+))(","Form\s)?(?<Form>([^"]+))?(","ParentType\s)?(?<parent_type>([^"]+))?(","ParentName\s)?(?<parent_name>([^"]+))?(","Type\s)?(?<type>([^"]+))?(","Name\s)?(?<Name_of_form>([^"]+))?(","Detail\s)?(?<Detail>([^"]+))?(","t=)?(?<t>([\d]+))?(",")?(?<Status>(end|beg))?' }
add_tag => [ '%{Status}' ]
}
dissect {
mapping => {
'[log][file][path]' => 'C:\Logs\%{login}\%{server}\%{user}\%{filename}.txt'
}
}
date {
match => [ 'timestamp','dd.MM.yyyy HH:mm:ss' ]
}
mutate {
add_field => { 'uniqueEvent' => '%{Event}_%{filename}' }
}
elapsed {
unique_id_field => 'uniqueEvent'
start_tag => 'beg'
end_tag => 'end'
new_event_on_match => false
}
if 'elapsed' in [tags] {
aggregate {
task_id => '%{uniqueEvent}'
code => 'map["duration"] = [(event.get("elapsed_time")*1000).to_i]'
map_action => 'create'
}
}
mutate {
remove_field => ['timestamp','ecs','log','tags','message','@version','filename','input','host','agent','t','parent_type','parent_name','type']
rename => {'elapsed_time' => 'Event_duration'}
}
}
output {
elasticsearch {
hosts => ['localhost:9200']
index => 'logs-%{+dd.MM.YYYY}'
}
}
在elasticsearch中，我需要的字段总是以不同的顺序显示，这有点令人生气。我只有几个文本字段，两个日期字段和一个数字字段。 Elasticsearch本身完美地定义了类型，但是我希望所有数据在每个索引中都严格按顺序排列。能做到吗？
映射应遵循严格的顺序：
"mappings": {
"properties": {
"@timestamp": {
"type": "date"
},"Event": {
"type": "text","fields": {
"keyword": {
"type": "keyword","ignore_above": 256
}
}
},"Form": {
"type": "text","Name_of_form": {
"type": "text","Detail": {
"type": "text","Event_duration": {
"type": "float"
},"elapsed_timestamp_start": {
"type": "date"
},"user": {
"type": "text","login": {
"type": "text","server": {
"type": "text","Status": {
"type": "text","uniqueEvent": {
"type": "text","ignore_above": 256
}
}
}
}
}
我尝试根据this主题的第一个也是唯一的指南来实现此目的，但是没有任何效果。根据其他人的文章，我在logstash目录中创建了template.json，但是启动该模板后，该错误的类型为：该模板不在elasticsearch中。
如何正确创建此文件？如何将其正确写入输入块？这些都可以吗？
感谢您的帮助！
错误仍然是这样的：
[2020-08-25T19:33:13,365][INFO ][logstash.outputs.elasticsearch][main] Using mapping template from {:path=>"C:\\Users\\moral\\elk_stack\\logstash-7.8.1\\template\\template.json"}
[2020-08-25T19:33:13,406][INFO ][logstash.outputs.elasticsearch][main] Attempting to install template {:manage_template=>{"template"=>"logs-*","version"=>50001,"settings"=>{"index.refresh_interval"=>"5s"},"mappings"=>{"_default_"=>{"properties"=>{"@timestamp"=>{"type"=>"date"},"Event"=>{"type"=>"text","fields"=>{"keyword"=>{"type"=>"keyword","ignore_above"=>256}}},"Form"=>{"type"=>"text","Name_of_form"=>{"type"=>"text","Detail"=>{"type"=>"text","Event_duration"=>{"type"=>"float"},"elapsed_timestamp_start"=>{"type"=>"date"},"user"=>{"type"=>"text","login"=>{"type"=>"text","server"=>{"type"=>"text","Status"=>{"type"=>"text","uniqueEvent"=>{"type"=>"text","ignore_above"=>256}}}}}}}}
[2020-08-25T19:33:13,421][INFO ][logstash.outputs.elasticsearch][main] Installing elasticsearch template to _template/log-template
[2020-08-25T19:33:13,468][ERROR][logstash.outputs.elasticsearch][main] Failed to install template. {:message=>"Got response code '400' contacting Elasticsearch at URL 'http://localhost:9200/_template/log-template'",:class=>"LogStash::Outputs::ElasticSearch::HttpClient::Pool::BadResponseCodeError",:backtrace=>["C:/Users/moral/elk_stack/logstash-7.8.1/vendor/bundle/jruby/2.5.0/gems/logstash-output-elasticsearch-10.5.1-java/lib/logstash/outputs/elasticsearch/http_client/manticore_adapter.rb:80:in `perform_request'","C:/Users/moral/elk_stack/logstash-7.8.1/vendor/bundle/jruby/2.5.0/gems/logstash-output-elasticsearch-10.5.1-java/lib/logstash/outputs/elasticsearch/http_client/pool.rb:332:in `perform_request_to_url'","C:/Users/moral/elk_stack/logstash-7.8.1/vendor/bundle/jruby/2.5.0/gems/logstash-output-elasticsearch-10.5.1-java/lib/logstash/outputs/elasticsearch/http_client/pool.rb:319:in `block in perform_request'","C:/Users/moral/elk_stack/logstash-7.8.1/vendor/bundle/jruby/2.5.0/gems/logstash-output-elasticsearch-10.5.1-java/lib/logstash/outputs/elasticsearch/http_client/pool.rb:414:in `with_connection'","C:/Users/moral/elk_stack/logstash-7.8.1/vendor/bundle/jruby/2.5.0/gems/logstash-output-elasticsearch-10.5.1-java/lib/logstash/outputs/elasticsearch/http_client/pool.rb:318:in `perform_request'","C:/Users/moral/elk_stack/logstash-7.8.1/vendor/bundle/jruby/2.5.0/gems/logstash-output-elasticsearch-10.5.1-java/lib/logstash/outputs/elasticsearch/http_client/pool.rb:326:in `block in Pool'","C:/Users/moral/elk_stack/logstash-7.8.1/vendor/bundle/jruby/2.5.0/gems/logstash-output-elasticsearch-10.5.1-java/lib/logstash/outputs/elasticsearch/http_client.rb:352:in `template_put'","C:/Users/moral/elk_stack/logstash-7.8.1/vendor/bundle/jruby/2.5.0/gems/logstash-output-elasticsearch-10.5.1-java/lib/logstash/outputs/elasticsearch/http_client.rb:86:in `template_install'","C:/Users/moral/elk_stack/logstash-7.8.1/vendor/bundle/jruby/2.5.0/gems/logstash-output-elasticsearch-10.5.1-java/lib/logstash/outputs/elasticsearch/template_manager.rb:28:in `install'","C:/Users/moral/elk_stack/logstash-7.8.1/vendor/bundle/jruby/2.5.0/gems/logstash-output-elasticsearch-10.5.1-java/lib/logstash/outputs/elasticsearch/template_manager.rb:16:in `install_template'","C:/Users/moral/elk_stack/logstash-7.8.1/vendor/bundle/jruby/2.5.0/gems/logstash-output-elasticsearch-10.5.1-java/lib/logstash/outputs/elasticsearch/common.rb:205:in `install_template'","C:/Users/moral/elk_stack/logstash-7.8.1/vendor/bundle/jruby/2.5.0/gems/logstash-output-elasticsearch-10.5.1-java/lib/logstash/outputs/elasticsearch/common.rb:49:in `block in setup_after_successful_connection'"]}
template.json文件：
{
"template" : "logs-*","version" : 50001,"settings" : {
"index.refresh_interval" : "5s"
},"mappings" : {
"_default_" : {
"properties": {
"@timestamp": {
"type": "date"
},"Event": {
"type": "text","fields": {
"keyword": {
"type": "keyword","ignore_above": 256
}
}
},"Form": {
"type": "text","Name_of_form": {
"type": "text","Detail": {
"type": "text","Event_duration": {
"type": "float"
},"elapsed_timestamp_start": {
"type": "date"
},"user": {
"type": "text","login": {
"type": "text","server": {
"type": "text","Status": {
"type": "text","uniqueEvent": {
"type": "text","ignore_above": 256
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
解决方法
您需要做的就是简单地告诉Logstash在启动时安装模板。只需确保模板中的index_patterns与您的索引名称（即logs-*）相匹配
output {
elasticsearch {
hosts => ['localhost:9200']
index => 'logs-%{+dd.MM.YYYY}'
manage_template => true
template_overwrite => true
template_name => "log-template"
template => "/path/to/template.json"
}
}
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