如何解决Django 3.0.8测试用例失败
我正在尝试遵循Simple is Better than Complex教程。具体来说，我刚完成Part 4。运行测试时遇到以下4种失败：
$ python manage.py test
Creating test database for alias 'default'...
System check identified no issues (0 silenced).
.............................FFF.F..................................
======================================================================
FAIL: test_contains_form (accounts.tests.test_view_password_reset.PasswordResetTests)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\admin\Desktop\Development\Django\myproject\myproject\accounts\tests\tes
t_view_password_reset.py",line 30,in test_contains_form
self.assertIsInstance(form,PasswordResetForm)
AssertionError: None is not an instance of <class 'django.contrib.auth.forms.PasswordRes
etForm'>
======================================================================
FAIL: test_csrf (accounts.tests.test_view_password_reset.PasswordResetTests)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\admin\Desktop\Development\Django\myproject\myproject\accounts\tests\tes
t_view_password_reset.py",line 26,in test_csrf
self.assertContains(self.response,'csrfmiddlewaretoken')
File "C:\Users\admin\Desktop\Development\Django\myproject\venv\lib\site-packages\djang
o\test\testcases.py",line 454,in assertContains
self.assertTrue(real_count != 0,msg_prefix + "Couldn't find %s in response" % text_
repr)
AssertionError: False is not true : Couldn't find 'csrfmiddlewaretoken' in response
======================================================================
FAIL: test_form_inputs (accounts.tests.test_view_password_reset.PasswordResetTests)
The view must contain two inputs: csrf and email
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\admin\Desktop\Development\Django\myproject\myproject\accounts\tests\tes
t_view_password_reset.py",line 36,in test_form_inputs
self.assertContains(self.response,'<input',2)
File "C:\Users\admin\Desktop\Development\Django\myproject\venv\lib\site-packages\djang
o\test\testcases.py",line 449,in assertContains
self.assertEqual(
AssertionError: 0 != 2 : Found 0 instances of '<input' in response (expected 2)
======================================================================
FAIL: test_view_function (accounts.tests.test_view_password_reset.PasswordResetTests)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\admin\Desktop\Development\Django\myproject\myproject\accounts\tests\tes
t_view_password_reset.py",line 23,in test_view_function
self.assertEquals(view.func.view_class,auth_views.PasswordResetView)
AssertionError: <class 'django.contrib.auth.views.PasswordResetDoneView'> != <class 'dja
ngo.contrib.auth.views.PasswordResetView'>
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 68 tests in 9.235s
FAILED (failures=4)
Destroying test database for alias 'default'...
这是我的文件结构：
├───myproject
│ │ db.sqlite3
│ │ manage.py
│ │
│ ├───accounts
│ │ │ admin.py
│ │ │ apps.py
│ │ │ forms.py
│ │ │ models.py
│ │ │ views.py
│ │ │ __init__.py
│ │ │
│ │ ├───migrations
│ │ │ │ __init__.py
│ │ │ │
│ │ │ └───__pycache__
│ │ │
│ │ ├───tests
│ │ │ │ test_form_signup.py
│ │ │ │ test_mail_password_reset.py
│ │ │ │ test_view_password_change.py
│ │ │ │ test_view_password_reset.py
│ │ │ │ test_view_signup.py
│ │ │ │ __init__.py
│ │ │ │
│ │ │ └───__pycache__
│ │ │
│ │ └───__pycache__
│ │
│ ├───boards
│ │ │ admin.py
│ │ │ apps.py
│ │ │ forms.py
│ │ │ models.py
│ │ │ views.py
│ │ │ __init__.py
│ │ │
│ │ ├───migrations
│ │ │ │ 0001_initial.py
│ │ │ │ __init__.py
│ │ │ │
│ │ │ └───__pycache__
│ │ │
│ │ ├───templatetags
│ │ │ │ form_tags.py
│ │ │ │ __init__.py
│ │ │ │
│ │ │ └───__pycache__
│ │ │
│ │ ├───tests
│ │ │ │ test_templatetags.py
│ │ │ │ test_views.py
│ │ │ │ __init__.py
│ │ │ │
│ │ │ └───__pycache__
│ │ │
│ │ └───__pycache__
│ │
│ ├───myproject
│ │ │ asgi.py
│ │ │ settings.py
│ │ │ urls.py
│ │ │ wsgi.py
│ │ │ __init__.py
│ │ │
│ │ └───__pycache__
│ │
│ ├───static
│ │ ├───css
│ │ │ accounts.css
│ │ │ app.css
│ │ │ bootstrap.min.css
│ │ │
│ │ ├───img
│ │ │ moroccan-flower-dark.png
│ │ │ y-so-serious.png
│ │ │
│ │ ├───js
│ │ │ bootstrap.min.js
│ │ │ jquery-3.5.1.min.js
│ │ │ popper.min.js
│ │
│ └───templates
│ │ base.html
│ │ base_accounts.html
│ │ home.html
│ │ login.html
│ │ new_topic.html
│ │ password_change.html
│ │ password_change_done.html
│ │ password_reset.html
│ │ password_reset_complete.html
│ │ password_reset_confirm.html
│ │ password_reset_done.html
│ │ password_reset_email.html
│ │ password_reset_subject.txt
│ │ signup.html
│ │ topics.html
│ │
│ └───includes
│ form.html
这是myproject\accounts\tests\test_view_password_reset.py中的那一部分似乎抛出了错误：
from django.contrib.auth.tokens import default_token_generator
from django.utils.encoding import force_bytes
from django.utils.http import urlsafe_base64_encode
from django.contrib.auth import views as auth_views
from django.contrib.auth.forms import PasswordResetForm,SetPasswordForm
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from django.core import mail
from django.urls import reverse
from django.urls import resolve
from django.test import TestCase
class PasswordResetTests(TestCase):
def setUp(self):
url = reverse('password_reset_done')
self.response = self.client.get(url)
def test_status_code(self):
self.assertEquals(self.response.status_code,200)
def test_view_function(self):
view = resolve('/reset/done/')
self.assertEquals(view.func.view_class,auth_views.PasswordResetView)
def test_csrf(self):
self.assertContains(self.response,'csrfmiddlewaretoken')
def test_contains_form(self):
form = self.response.context.get('form')
self.assertIsInstance(form,PasswordResetForm)
def test_form_inputs(self):
'''
The view must contain two inputs: csrf and email
'''
self.assertContains(self.response,2)
self.assertContains(self.response,'type="email"',1)
class SuccessfulPasswordResetTests(TestCase):
def setUp(self):
email = 'john@doe.com'
User.objects.create_user(username='john',email=email,password='123abcdef')
url = reverse('password_reset')
self.response = self.client.post(url,{'email': email})
def test_redirection(self):
'''
A valid form submission should redirect the user to `password_reset_done` view
'''
url = reverse('password_reset_done')
self.assertRedirects(self.response,url)
def test_send_password_reset_email(self):
self.assertEqual(1,len(mail.outbox))
class InvalidPasswordResetTests(TestCase):
def setUp(self):
url = reverse('password_reset')
self.response = self.client.post(url,{'email': 'donotexist@email.com'})
def test_redirection(self):
'''
Even invalid emails in the database should
redirect the user to `password_reset_done` view
'''
url = reverse('password_reset_done')
self.assertRedirects(self.response,url)
def test_no_reset_email_sent(self):
self.assertEqual(0,len(mail.outbox))
class PasswordResetDoneTests(TestCase):
def setUp(self):
url = reverse('password_reset_done')
self.response = self.client.get(url)
def test_status_code(self):
self.assertEquals(self.response.status_code,auth_views.PasswordResetDoneView)
class PasswordResetConfirmTests(TestCase):
def setUp(self):
user = User.objects.create_user(username='john',email='john@doe.com',password='123abcdef')
'''
create a valid password reset token
based on how django creates the token internally:
https://github.com/django/django/blob/1.11.5/django/contrib/auth/forms.py#L280
'''
self.uid = urlsafe_base64_encode(force_bytes(user.pk))
self.token = default_token_generator.make_token(user)
url = reverse('password_reset_confirm',kwargs={'uidb64': self.uid,'token': self.token})
self.response = self.client.get(url,follow=True)
def test_status_code(self):
self.assertEquals(self.response.status_code,200)
def test_view_function(self):
view = resolve('/reset/{uidb64}/{token}/'.format(uidb64=self.uid,token=self.token))
self.assertEquals(view.func.view_class,auth_views.PasswordResetConfirmView)
def test_csrf(self):
self.assertContains(self.response,SetPasswordForm)
def test_form_inputs(self):
'''
The view must contain two inputs: csrf and two password fields
'''
self.assertContains(self.response,3)
self.assertContains(self.response,'type="password"',2)
class InvalidPasswordResetConfirmTests(TestCase):
def setUp(self):
user = User.objects.create_user(username='john',password='123abcdef')
uid = urlsafe_base64_encode(force_bytes(user.pk))
token = default_token_generator.make_token(user)
'''
invalidate the token by changing the password
'''
user.set_password('abcdef123')
user.save()
url = reverse('password_reset_confirm',kwargs={'uidb64': uid,'token': token})
self.response = self.client.get(url)
def test_status_code(self):
self.assertEquals(self.response.status_code,200)
def test_html(self):
password_reset_url = reverse('password_reset')
self.assertContains(self.response,'invalid password reset link')
self.assertContains(self.response,'href="{0}"'.format(password_reset_url))
class PasswordResetCompleteTests(TestCase):
def setUp(self):
url = reverse('password_reset_complete')
self.response = self.client.get(url)
def test_status_code(self):
self.assertEquals(self.response.status_code,200)
def test_view_function(self):
view = resolve('/reset/complete/')
self.assertEquals(view.func.view_class,auth_views.PasswordResetCompleteView)
myproject \ urls.py
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from django.contrib.auth import views as auth_views
from accounts import views as accounts_views
from boards import views
from django.conf.urls import url
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^$',views.home,name='home'),url(r'^signup/$',accounts_views.signup,name='signup'),url(r'^login/$',auth_views.LoginView.as_view(template_name='login.html'),name='login'),url(r'^logout/$',auth_views.LogoutView.as_view(),name='logout'),url(r'^boards/(?P<pk>\d+)/$',views.board_topics,name='board_topics'),url(r'^boards/(?P<pk>\d+)/new/$',views.new_topic,name='new_topic'),path('admin/',admin.site.urls),#Password Reset URLs
url(r'^reset/$',auth_views.PasswordResetView.as_view(
template_name='password_reset.html',email_template_name='password_reset_email.html',subject_template_name='password_reset_subject.txt'
),name='password_reset'),url(r'^reset/done/$',auth_views.PasswordResetDoneView.as_view(template_name='password_reset_done.html'),name='password_reset_done'),url(r'^reset/(?P<uidb64>[0-9A-Za-z_\-]+)/(?P<token>[0-9A-Za-z]{1,13}-[0-9A-Za-z]{1,20})/$',auth_views.PasswordResetConfirmView.as_view(template_name='password_reset_confirm.html'),name='password_reset_confirm'),url(r'^reset/complete/$',auth_views.PasswordResetCompleteView.as_view(template_name='password_reset_complete.html'),name='password_reset_complete'),url(r'^settings/password/$',auth_views.PasswordChangeView.as_view(template_name='password_change.html'),name='password_change'),url(r'^settings/password/done/$',auth_views.PasswordChangeDoneView.as_view(template_name='password_change_done.html'),name='password_change_done'),]
accounts \ views.py
from django.contrib.auth import login as auth_login
from django.shortcuts import render,redirect
from .forms import SignUpForm
# Create your views here.
def signup(request):
if request.method == 'POST':
form = SignUpForm(request.POST)
if form.is_valid():
user = form.save()
auth_login(request,user)
return redirect('home')
else:
form = SignUpForm()
return render(request,'signup.html',{'form': form})
boards \ views.py
from django.shortcuts import render
from django.http import HttpResponse
from django.http import Http404
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from django.shortcuts import render,redirect,get_object_or_404
from .forms import NewTopicForm
from .models import Board,Topic,Post
# Create your views here.
def home(request):
boards = Board.objects.all()
return render(request,'home.html',{'boards': boards})
def board_topics(request,pk):
board = get_object_or_404(Board,pk=pk)
return render(request,'topics.html',{'board': board})
def new_topic(request,pk=pk)
user = User.objects.first() # TODO: get the currently logged in user
if request.method == 'POST':
form = NewTopicForm(request.POST)
if form.is_valid():
topic = form.save(commit=False)
topic.board = board
topic.starter = user
topic.save()
post = Post.objects.create(
message=form.cleaned_data.get('message'),topic=topic,created_by=user
)
return redirect('board_topics',pk=board.pk) # TODO: redirect to the created topic page
else:
form = NewTopicForm()
return render(request,'new_topic.html',{'board': board,'form': form})
templates \ base.html
{% load static %}<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0">
<title>{% block title %}Django Boards{% endblock %}</title>
<link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Roboto+Condensed&display=swap" rel="stylesheet">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="{% static 'css/bootstrap.min.css' %}">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="{% static 'css/app.css' %}">
{% block stylesheet %}{% endblock %}
</head>
<body>
{% block body %}
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-sm navbar-dark bg-dark">
<div class="container">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="{% url 'home' %}">Django Boards</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#mainMenu" aria-controls="mainMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="mainMenu">
{% if user.is_authenticated %}
<ul class="navbar-nav ml-auto">
<li class="nav-item dropdown">
<a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="userMenu" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
{{ user.username }}
</a>
<div class="dropdown-menu dropdown-menu-right" aria-labelledby="userMenu">
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">My account</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Change password</a>
<div class="dropdown-divider"></div>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="{% url 'logout' %}">Log out</a>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
{% else %}
<form class="form-inline ml-auto">
<a href="{% url 'login' %}" class="btn btn-outline-secondary">Log in</a>
<a href="{% url 'signup' %}" class="btn btn-primary ml-2">Sign up</a>
</form>
{% endif %}
</div>
</div>
</nav>
<div class="container">
<ol class="breadcrumb my-4">
{% block breadcrumb %}
{% endblock %}
</ol>
{% block content %}
{% endblock %}
</div>
{% endblock body %}
<script src="{% static 'js/jquery-3.5.1.min.js' %}"></script>
<script src="{% static 'js/popper.min.js' %}"></script>
<script src="{% static 'js/bootstrap.min.js' %}"></script>
</body>
</html>
templates \ base_accounts.html
{% extends 'base.html' %}
{% load static %}
{% block stylesheet %}
<link rel="stylesheet" href="{% static 'css/accounts.css' %}">
{% endblock %}
{% block body %}
<div class="container">
<h1 class="text-center logo my-4">
<a href="{% url 'home' %}">Django Boards</a>
</h1>
{% block content %}
{% endblock %}
</div>
{% endblock %}
templates \ includes \ form.html
{% load form_tags widget_tweaks %}
{% if form.non_field_errors %}
<div class="alert alert-danger" role="alert">
{% for error in form.non_field_errors %}
<p{% if forloop.last %} class="mb-0"{% endif %}>{{ error }}</p>
{% endfor %}
</div>
{% endif %}
{% for field in form %}
<div class="form-group">
{{ field.label_tag }}
{% render_field field class=field|input_class %}
{% for error in field.errors %}
<div class="invalid-feedback">
{{ error }}
</div>
{% endfor %}
{% if field.help_text %}
<small class="form-text text-muted">
{{ field.help_text|safe }}
</small>
{% endif %}
</div>
{% endfor %}
templates \ password_reset.html
{% extends 'base_accounts.html' %}
{% block title %}Reset your password{% endblock %}
{% block content %}
<div class="row justify-content-center">
<div class="col-lg-4 col-md-6 col-sm-8">
<div class="card">
<div class="card-body">
<h3 class="card-title">Reset your password</h3>
<p>Enter your email address and we will send you a link to reset your password.</p>
<form method="post" novalidate>
{% csrf_token %}
{% include 'includes/form.html' %}
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary btn-block">Send password reset email</button>
</form>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{% endblock %}
templates \ password_reset_complete.html
{% extends 'base_accounts.html' %}
{% block title %}Password changed!{% endblock %}
{% block content %}
<div class="row justify-content-center">
<div class="col-lg-6 col-md-8 col-sm-10">
<div class="card">
<div class="card-body">
<h3 class="card-title">Password changed!</h3>
<div class="alert alert-success" role="alert">
You have successfully changed your password! You may now proceed to log in.
</div>
<a href="{% url 'login' %}" class="btn btn-secondary btn-block">Return to log in</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{% endblock %}
templates \ password_reset_confirm.html
{% extends 'base_accounts.html' %}
{% block title %}
{% if validlink %}
Change password for {{ form.user.username }}
{% else %}
Reset your password
{% endif %}
{% endblock %}
{% block content %}
<div class="row justify-content-center">
<div class="col-lg-6 col-md-8 col-sm-10">
<div class="card">
<div class="card-body">
{% if validlink %}
<h3 class="card-title">Change password for @{{ form.user.username }}</h3>
<form method="post" novalidate>
{% csrf_token %}
{% include 'includes/form.html' %}
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-success btn-block">Change password</button>
</form>
{% else %}
<h3 class="card-title">Reset your password</h3>
<div class="alert alert-danger" role="alert">
It looks like you clicked on an invalid password reset link. Please try again.
</div>
<a href="{% url 'password_reset' %}" class="btn btn-secondary btn-block">Request a new password reset link</a>
{% endif %}
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{% endblock %}
templates \ password_reset_done.html
{% extends 'base_accounts.html' %}
{% block title %}Reset your password{% endblock %}
{% block content %}
<div class="row justify-content-center">
<div class="col-lg-4 col-md-6 col-sm-8">
<div class="card">
<div class="card-body">
<h3 class="card-title">Reset your password</h3>
<p>Check your email for a link to reset your password. If it doesn't appear within a few minutes,check your spam folder.</p>
<a href="{% url 'login' %}" class="btn btn-secondary btn-block">Return to log in</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{% endblock %}
templates \ login.html
{% extends 'base_accounts.html' %}
{% block title %}Log in to Django Boards{% endblock %}
{% block content %}
<div class="row justify-content-center">
<div class="col-lg-4 col-md-6 col-sm-8">
<div class="card">
<div class="card-body">
<h3 class="card-title">Log in</h3>
<form method="post" novalidate>
{% csrf_token %}
{% include 'includes/form.html' %}
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary btn-block">Log in</button>
</form>
</div>
<div class="card-footer text-muted text-center">
New to Django Boards? <a href="{% url 'signup' %}">Sign up</a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="text-center py-2">
<small>
<a href="#" class="text-muted">Forgot your password?</a>
</small>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{% endblock %}
解决方法
myproject\urls.py
改变这一行url(r'^reset/(?P<uidb64>[0-9A-Za-z_\-]+)/(?P<token>[0-9A-Za-z]{1,13}-[0-9A-Za-z]{1,20})/$'
到url(r'^reset/<uidb64>/<token>/'
如果仍然卡住，则添加一个 $url(r'^reset/<uidb64>/<token>/$'
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