使用'sed'查找和替换与号＆的问题

如何解决使用'sed'查找和替换与号＆的问题

特殊情况下，与号（＆）和GROUP BY USRegion,ZipCode,State,StateCd,City,ResellerName,LastName+','+FirstName,IllnessName,DimProduct.ProductKey,OrderDate

想用sed中的&字符串替换字符串

bash

预期输出为：INPUT: var1=''XXX&XXX' Input : sed -i 's/WW/$var1/g' test Output: $cat test XXXWWXXX

PS：字符串是动态的，所以在这里我不想用转义符修改变量， 外壳？

解决方法

像这样使用它：

var1='XXX&XXX'

# Use double quotes in sed
# Note: & is escaped
sed "s/WW/${var1//&/\\&}/g" <<< '123 WW foo WW xyz.'

输出：

123 XXX&XXX foo XXX&XXX xyz.

,

由于您说过i don't want to modify variable with / (sic) escape character-这将对您要匹配的现有文本（WW和替换文本（XXX&XXX）使用文字字符串匹配，这是避免转义的方法其中任何一个字符：

var1='XXX&XXX'
old='WW' new="$var1" awk '
    BEGIN {
        old = ENVIRON["old"]
        new = ENVIRON["new"]
        lgth = length(old)
    }
    {
        head = ""
        tail = $0
        while ( s = index(tail,old) ) {
            head = head substr(tail,1,s-1) new
            tail = substr(tail,s+lgth)
        }
        $0 = head tail
        print
    }
' test

有关我如何使用shell和awk变量，请参见How do I use shell variables in an awk script?。

您无法对sed进行上述操作，因为sed无法理解文字字符串，因此，如果您想使用sed，请参阅Is it possible to escape regex metacharacters reliably with sed。

,

发现解决方案是，在最近的shell中，可以这样做，

需要放置此//&/\\&静态字符集来解决sed的＆符号问题

s1="XXX&XXX"

sed "s/ww/${s1//&/\\&}/g" <<< 'this is ww'

this is XXX&XXX

其他情况，

s2="&xx&xx&x&"

sed "s/ww/${s2//&/\\&}/g" <<< 'this is ww'

this is &xx&xx&x&

快速搜索发现了罪魁祸首；

The REPLACEMENT can contain \N (N being a number from 1 to 9,inclusive) 
references,which refer to the portion of the match which is contained 
between the Nth \( and its matching \). Also,the REPLACEMENT can contain 
unescaped & characters which reference the whole matched portion of the pattern space

让我们尝试 awk

URI='https://user:[e-mail]/?num=42&type=magic'
$ echo 'my_link = %link%' | awk "{ gsub(/%link%/,\"$URI\"); print }"
my_link = https://user:[e-mail]/?num=42%link%type=magic

查找有关https://www.gnu.org/software/sed/manual/sed.html

的更多信息

干杯！