Scrapy对动态网站显示相同的结果

分类：编程问答

如何解决Scrapy对动态网站显示相同的结果

我对Scrapy的问题是，每天为特定项目运行它时，我都会得到相同的准确结果，尽管由于该网站不是静态网站，所以每天都会在废弃的网站上进行某些更改。

这些是我每次运行蜘蛛时都会获得的日志的某些部分：

2020-09-01 13:37:29 [scrapy.utils.log] INFO: Scrapy 1.6.0 started (bot: digikala)
2020-09-01 13:37:29 [scrapy.utils.log] INFO: Versions: lxml 4.5.2.0,libxml2 2.9.10,cssselect 1.1.0,parsel 1.5.2,w3lib 1.21.0,Twisted 20.3.0,Python 3.8.5 (default,Aug  5 2020,09:44:06) [MSC v.1916 64 bit (AMD64)],pyOpenSSL 19.1.0 (OpenSSL 1.1.1g  21 Apr 2020),cryptography 2.9.2,Platform Windows-10-10.0.19041-SP0
2020-09-01 13:37:29 [scrapy.crawler] INFO: Overridden settings: {'AUTOTHROTTLE_MAX_DELAY': 120,'AUTOTHROTTLE_START_DELAY': 60,'BOT_NAME': 'digikala','FEED_FORMAT': 'xml','FEED_URI': '99-06-11.xml','HTTPCACHE_ENABLED': True,'NEWSPIDER_MODULE': 'digikala.spiders','ROBOTSTXT_OBEY': True,'SPIDER_MODULES': ['digikala.spiders']}
2020-09-01 13:37:29 [scrapy.extensions.telnet] INFO: Telnet Password: ecded85f3ba24c1b
2020-09-01 13:37:29 [scrapy.middleware] INFO: Enabled extensions:
['scrapy.extensions.corestats.CoreStats','scrapy.extensions.telnet.TelnetConsole','scrapy.extensions.feedexport.FeedExporter','scrapy.extensions.logstats.LogStats']
2020-09-01 13:37:29 [scrapy.middleware] INFO: Enabled downloader middlewares:
['scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.robotstxt.RobotsTxtMiddleware','scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.httpauth.HttpAuthMiddleware','scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.downloadtimeout.DownloadTimeoutMiddleware','scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.defaultheaders.DefaultHeadersMiddleware','digikala.middlewares.UserAgentRotatorMiddleware','scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.retry.RetryMiddleware','scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.redirect.MetaRefreshMiddleware','scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.httpcompression.HttpCompressionMiddleware','scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.redirect.RedirectMiddleware','scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.cookies.CookiesMiddleware','scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.httpproxy.HttpProxyMiddleware','scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.stats.DownloaderStats','scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.httpcache.HttpCacheMiddleware']
2020-09-01 13:37:29 [scrapy.middleware] INFO: Enabled spider middlewares:
['scrapy.spidermiddlewares.httperror.HttpErrorMiddleware','scrapy.spidermiddlewares.offsite.OffsiteMiddleware','scrapy.spidermiddlewares.referer.RefererMiddleware','scrapy.spidermiddlewares.urllength.UrlLengthMiddleware','scrapy.spidermiddlewares.depth.DepthMiddleware']
2020-09-01 13:37:29 [scrapy.middleware] INFO: Enabled item pipelines:
[]
2020-09-01 13:37:29 [scrapy.core.engine] INFO: Spider opened
2020-09-01 13:37:29 [scrapy.extensions.logstats] INFO: Crawled 0 pages (at 0 pages/min),scraped 0 items (at 0 items/min)
2020-09-01 13:37:29 [scrapy.extensions.httpcache] DEBUG: Using filesystem cache storage in C:\Users\shima\projects\digikala\.scrapy\httpcache
2020-09-01 13:37:29 [scrapy.extensions.telnet] INFO: Telnet console listening on 127.0.0.1:6023
2020-09-01 13:37:29 [scrapy.core.engine] DEBUG: Crawled (200) <GET https://www.digikala.com/robots.txt> (referer: None) ['cached']
2020-09-01 13:37:29 [scrapy.core.engine] DEBUG: Crawled (200) <GET https://www.digikala.com/search/category-book/?type[0]=4844&promotion_types[0]=incredible_offer&promotion_types[1]=promotion&pageno=1&last_filter=promotion_types&last_value=incredible_offer&sortby=4> (referer: None) ['cached']
2020-09-01 13:37:29 [scrapy.core.scraper] DEBUG: Scraped from <200 https://www.digikala.com/search/category-book/?type[0]=4844&promotion_types[0]=incredible_offer&promotion_types[1]=promotion&pageno=1&last_filter=promotion_types&last_value=incredible_offer&sortby=4>
{'title': 'کتاب خودت را به فنا نده اثر گری جان بیشاپ','star': 4.4,'discounted_percent': 30,'discounted_price': 12600,'original_price': 18000,'discounted_amount': 5400,'url': 'https://www.digikala.com/product/dkp-1050124/کتاب-خودت-را-به-فنا-نده-اثر-گری-جان-بیشاپ'}
2020-09-01 13:37:29 [scrapy.core.scraper] DEBUG: Scraped from <200 https://www.digikala.com/search/category-book/?type[0]=4844&promotion_types[0]=incredible_offer&promotion_types[1]=promotion&pageno=1&last_filter=promotion_types&last_value=incredible_offer&sortby=4>
{'title': 'کتاب تختخوابت را مرتب کن اثر ژنرال ویلیام اچ. مک ریون','discounted_price': 10500,'original_price': 15000,'discounted_amount': 4500,'url': 'https://www.digikala.com/product/dkp-392946/کتاب-تختخوابت-را-مرتب-کن-اثر-ژنرال-ویلیام-اچ-مک-ریون'}
 {'title': 'کتاب روش تعبیر رویا اثر زیگموند فروید','star': 4.6,'discounted_percent': 15,'discounted_price': 25500,'original_price': 30000,'url': 'https://www.digikala.com/product/dkp-37908/کتاب-روش-تعبیر-رویا-اثر-زیگموند-فروید'}
2020-09-01 13:37:30 [scrapy.core.scraper] ERROR: Spider error processing <GET https://www.digikala.com/search/category-book/?type%5B0%5D=4844&promotion_types%5B0%5D=incredible_offer&promotion_types%5B1%5D=promotion&last_filter=promotion_types&last_value=incredible_offer&sortby=4&pageno=2> (referer: https://www.digikala.com/search/category-book/?type[0]=4844&promotion_types[0]=incredible_offer&promotion_types[1]=promotion&pageno=1&last_filter=promotion_types&last_value=incredible_offer&sortby=4)
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\shima\anaconda3\envs\virtual_workspace\lib\site-packages\scrapy\utils\defer.py",line 102,in iter_errback
    yield next(it)
  File "C:\Users\shima\anaconda3\envs\virtual_workspace\lib\site-packages\scrapy\spidermiddlewares\offsite.py",line 29,in process_spider_output
    for x in result:
  File "C:\Users\shima\anaconda3\envs\virtual_workspace\lib\site-packages\scrapy\spidermiddlewares\referer.py",line 339,in <genexpr>
    return (_set_referer(r) for r in result or ())
  File "C:\Users\shima\anaconda3\envs\virtual_workspace\lib\site-packages\scrapy\spidermiddlewares\urllength.py",line 37,in <genexpr>
    return (r for r in result or () if _filter(r))
  File "C:\Users\shima\anaconda3\envs\virtual_workspace\lib\site-packages\scrapy\spidermiddlewares\depth.py",line 58,in <genexpr>
    return (r for r in result or () if _filter(r))
  File "C:\Users\shima\projects\digikala\digikala\spiders\promotions.py",line 22,in parse
    star= float(str(product.xpath(".//div[@class='c-product-box__engagement-rating']/text()").get()))
ValueError: could not convert string to float: 'None'
2020-09-01 13:37:30 [scrapy.core.engine] INFO: Closing spider (finished)
2020-09-01 13:37:30 [scrapy.extensions.feedexport] INFO: Stored xml feed (44 items) in: 99-06-11.xml
2020-09-01 13:37:30 [scrapy.statscollectors] INFO: Dumping Scrapy stats:
{'downloader/request_bytes': 1593,'downloader/request_count': 3,'downloader/request_method_count/GET': 3,'downloader/response_bytes': 164205,'downloader/response_count': 3,'downloader/response_status_count/200': 3,'finish_reason': 'finished','finish_time': datetime.datetime(2020,9,1,7,30,166863),'httpcache/hit': 3,'item_scraped_count': 44,'log_count/DEBUG': 48,'log_count/ERROR': 1,'log_count/INFO': 10,'request_depth_max': 1,'response_received_count': 3,'robotstxt/request_count': 1,'robotstxt/response_count': 1,'robotstxt/response_status_count/200': 1,'scheduler/dequeued': 2,'scheduler/dequeued/memory': 2,'scheduler/enqueued': 2,'scheduler/enqueued/memory': 2,'spider_exceptions/ValueError': 1,'start_time': datetime.datetime(2020,29,622333)}
2020-09-01 13:37:30 [scrapy.core.engine] INFO: Spider closed (finished)

这是我在middlewares.py中定义的自动旋转用户代理程序：

from scrapy import signals
from scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.useragent import UserAgentMiddleware
import random,logging


class UserAgentRotatorMiddleware(UserAgentMiddleware):
    user_agent_list=[
        'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML,like Gecko) Chrome','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML,like Gecko'
    ]
    def __init__(self,user_agent=''):
        self.user_agent= user_agent
    def process_request(self,request,spider):
        try:
            self.user_agent= random.choice(self.user_agent_list)
            request.headers.setdefault('User-Agent',self.user_agent)
        except IndexError:
            logging.error("Couldn't fetch the user agent")

这些是我注释掉的settings.py代码：

BOT_NAME = 'digikala'

SPIDER_MODULES = ['digikala.spiders']
NEWSPIDER_MODULE = 'digikala.spiders'
ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = True

DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES={
    'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.useragent.UserAgentMiddleware': None,'digikala.middlewares.UserAgentRotatorMiddleware':400
}
AUTOTHROTTLE_START_DELAY = 60
AUTOTHROTTLE_MAX_DELAY = 120
AUTOTHROTTLE_TARGET_CONCURRENCY = 1.0
HTTPCACHE_ENABLED = True

我没有找到相同的问题。为什么这样工作？非常感谢您的帮助。

谢谢！

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