如何解决为文件中的一百个条目标记一个值
我有一个如下文件
apple lime apple lime apple lime jackfruit papaya apple banana carrot jackfruit papaya banana
apple lime apple lime apple lime jackfruit papaya apple banana carrot jackfruit papaya banana
apple lime apple lime apple lime jackfruit papaya apple banana carrot jackfruit papaya banana
现在我只想从文件中提取苹果,酸橙和香蕉。
我用grep找到了
grep'apple | lime | banana'fruit.txt
现在这将返回所有条目,而我只需要打印一次即可。
输出应该像
apple
lime
banana
尝试对uniq排序,但都没有太大帮助。
解决方法
grep -o | sort -u
可能对您有用,但是如果输入量很大,则效率可能不高。
此gnu-awk
可能更适合您:
awk -v s='apple lime banana' -v RS='[[:space:]]+' 'BEGIN {
split(s,a)
for (i in a)
wrds[a[i]]
}
$0 in wrds {
print
delete wrds[$0]
if (length(wrds) == 0)
exit
}' file
apple
lime
banana
仅出于学术兴趣,这里是grep + sort
命令:
grep -owE 'apple|lime|banana' file | sort -u
,
请您尝试按照GNU awk
中的示例进行跟踪,编写和测试。
awk -v s1="apple lime banana" -v RS='[[:space:]]+' '
BEGIN{
num=split(s1,arr," ")
for(i=1;i<=num;i++){
wordArr[arr[i]]
}
}
($0 in wordArr) && !count[$0]++
' Input_file
说明: 添加以上详细说明。
awk -v s1="apple lime banana" -v RS='[[:space:]]+' ' ##Starting awk program from here,creating variable s1 which has all words which you want to match and get unique values. Then setting record separator as space here.
BEGIN{ ##Starting BEGIN section of this program from here.
num=split(s1," ") ##Splitting s1 into array arr with field separator as a space.
for(i=1;i<=num;i++){ ##Running for loop from i=1 to value of num here.
wordArr[arr[i]] ##Creating wordArr which has index of value of arr with index i here.
}
}
($0 in wordArr) && !count[$0]++ ##Checking condition if current line is present in wordArr and its NOT present in count then print the current line.
' Input_file ##Mentioning Input_file name here.
,
使用import {
fun1,fun2,...
} from '/your/file';
// Then use them
fun1();
将所有空格转换为换行符,然后用管道传输到tr
将产生一个小的列表进行比较。由于您在评论中说您的目标字符串可以包含正则表达式元字符(例如sort -u
中的.
),因此您无法使用到jack.fruit
的管道进行最终比较阶段,也没有其他任何内容使用grep -Ex 'apple|lime|banana'
或grep
并将sed
与固定字符串混合的方法,因此我们必须使用|
和散列查找来进行文字字符串比较:
awk
,
这可能对您有用(GNU sed):
sed -E 's/(((apple|banana|lime) ?)|\<\w+\> ?)/\2/g; # keep only the required words
H; # copy remains to hold space
$!d; # delete all lines except last
x; # last line swap to hold space
s/\n/ /g; # separate words by spaces
:a;s/(( \w+).*)\2/\1/;ta; # remove duplicate words
s/.//; # remove leading space
s/ /\n/g' file # separate words by new lines
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