如何解决使用Sprite和基于图块的地图进行2D Pygame滚动
我目前正在尝试使用滚动相机在python中制作2d平台游戏。最初，我只使用rect样式的对象制作游戏，但是与仅使用sprite相比，这使碰撞非常困难。
所以现在我要使用精灵为敌人和主要玩家重写游戏，但是我不知道为什么滚动功能将不再起作用。似乎似乎是一个扩展问题，但我不知道。
当我关闭滚动时，游戏运行正常。
谢谢你们，如果您看到任何跳出来的信息，请告诉我。 抱歉，代码有点混乱，我仍然习惯于整个pygame布局。
import pygame,sys
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
from pygame.locals import *
pygame.init() # initiates pygame
pygame.display.set_caption('Pygame Platformer')
WINDOW_SIZE = (1200,800)
screen = pygame.display.set_mode(WINDOW_SIZE,32) # initiate the window
display = pygame.Surface((150,100)) # used as the surface for rendering,which is scaled
moving_right = False
moving_left = False
vertical_momentum = 0
air_timer = 0
scroll = [0,0]
class Player(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self):
pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)
self.image = pygame.Surface((8,8))
self.image.fill((255,0))
self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
self.rect.centerx = 100
self.rect.bottom = 50
self.isJump = False
self.jumpCount = 5
def update(self):
self.speedx = 0
self.rect.x += self.speedx
class Mob(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self,x,y):
pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)
self.image = pygame.Surface((10,10))
self.image.fill((255,255,0))
self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
self.rect.centerx = y
self.rect.bottom = x
self.speedx = 0
self.speedy = 0
def update(self):
self.speedx = 0
self.speedy = 0
keystate = pygame.key.get_pressed()
if keystate[pygame.K_LEFT]:
self.speedx = -10
if keystate[pygame.K_RIGHT]:
self.speedx = 10
if keystate[pygame.K_SPACE]:
self.speedy = -30
self.rect.x += 0
self.rect.y += 0
#def load_map(path):
# f = open(path + '.txt','r')
# data = f.read()
# f.close()
#data = data.split('\n')
# game_map = []
# for row in data:
# game_map.append(list(row))
# return game_map
#ame_map = load_map('data/pictures/map')
game_map = [['0','0','0'],['0','2',['2','2'],['1','1','1'],'1']]
grass_img = pygame.image.load('data/pictures/Purple_grass.png')
dirt_img = pygame.image.load('data/pictures/purple_tile.png')
player = Player()
def collision_test(rect,tiles):
hit_list = []
for tile in tiles:
if rect.colliderect(tile):
hit_list.append(tile)
return hit_list
def move(rect,movement,tiles):
collision_types = {'top':False,'bottom':False,'right':False,'left':False}
rect.x += movement[0]
hit_list = collision_test(rect,tiles)
for tile in hit_list:
if movement[0] > 0:
rect.right = tile.left
collision_types['right'] = True
elif movement[0] < 0:
rect.left = tile.right
collision_types['left'] = True
rect.y += movement[1]
hit_list = collision_test(rect,tiles)
for tile in hit_list:
if movement[1] > 0:
rect.bottom = tile.top
collision_types['bottom'] = True
elif movement[1] < 0:
rect.top = tile.bottom
collision_types['top'] = True
return rect,collision_types
all_sprites = pygame.sprite.Group()
mobs = []
mob1 = Mob(10,10)
mobs.append(mob1)
all_sprites.add(player,mobs)
while True: # game loop
display.fill((146,244,255)) # clear screen by filling it with blue
#scroll
scroll[0] += (player.rect.x - scroll[0] -100 ) / 10
scroll[1] += (player.rect.y - scroll[1] -52) / 10
all_sprites.update()
tile_rects = []
y = 0
for layer in game_map:
x = 0
for tile in layer:
if tile == '1':
display.blit(dirt_img,(x * 8 - int(scroll[0]),y * 8 - int(scroll[1])))
if tile == '2':
display.blit(grass_img,y * 8 - int(scroll[1])))
if tile != '0':
tile_rects.append(pygame.Rect(x * 8,y * 8,8,8))
x += 1
y += 1
player_movement = [0,0]
if moving_right == True:
player_movement[0] += 1
if moving_left == True:
player_movement[0] -= 1
player_movement[1] += vertical_momentum
vertical_momentum += 0.3
if vertical_momentum > 3:
vertical_momentum = 3
player.rect,collisions = move(player.rect,player_movement,tile_rects)
if collisions['bottom'] == True:
air_timer = 0
player.jumpCount = 0
else:
air_timer += 1
for mob in mobs:
if pygame.sprite.collide_rect(player,mob):
#mob.image.fill((255,255))
mobs.pop(mobs.index(mob))
print("collide")
all_sprites.remove(mob)
else:
mob.image.fill((255,0))
all_sprites.draw(display)
for event in pygame.event.get(): # event loop
if event.type == QUIT:
pygame.quit()
sys.exit()
if event.type == KEYDOWN:
if event.key == K_RIGHT:
moving_right = True
if event.key == K_LEFT:
moving_left = True
if event.key == K_SPACE:
if air_timer < 6:
vertical_momentum = -5
if event.type == KEYUP:
if event.key == K_RIGHT:
moving_right = False
if event.key == K_LEFT:
moving_left = False
screen.blit(pygame.transform.scale(display,WINDOW_SIZE),(0,0))
pygame.display.update()
clock.tick(60)
解决方法
首先：在所有移动和碰撞之后，您应该计算scroll。
第二：您必须从所有对象中减去scroll-甚至是玩家和暴民
for item in all_sprites:
display.blit(item.image,(item.rect.x - scroll[0],item.rect.y - scroll[1]))
最少的工作代码。
您scroll可以工作，但是它并不流畅，所以我更喜欢简单的版本
scroll[0] = int(player.rect.centerx - 75) # surface_width//2
scroll[1] = int(player.rect.centery - 50) # surface_height//2
两者都在代码中但在注释中
import pygame,sys
from pygame.locals import *
# --- constants ---
WINDOW_SIZE = (1200,800)
# --- classes ---
class Player(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self):
#pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)
super().__init__()
self.image = pygame.Surface((8,8))
self.image.fill((255,0))
self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
self.rect.centerx = 100
self.rect.bottom = 50
self.isJump = False
self.jumpCount = 5
def update(self):
self.speedx = 0
self.rect.x += self.speedx
class Mob(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self,x,y):
#pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)
super().__init__()
self.image = pygame.Surface((10,10))
self.image.fill((255,255,0))
self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
self.rect.centerx = y
self.rect.bottom = x
self.speedx = 0
self.speedy = 0
def update(self):
self.speedx = 0
self.speedy = 0
keystate = pygame.key.get_pressed()
if keystate[pygame.K_LEFT]:
self.speedx = -10
if keystate[pygame.K_RIGHT]:
self.speedx = 10
if keystate[pygame.K_SPACE]:
self.speedy = -30
self.rect.x += 0
self.rect.y += 0
# --- functions ---
#def load_map(path):
# f = open(path + '.txt','r')
# data = f.read()
# f.close()
#data = data.split('\n')
# game_map = []
# for row in data:
# game_map.append(list(row))
# return game_map
def collision_test(rect,tiles):
hit_list = []
for tile in tiles:
if rect.colliderect(tile):
hit_list.append(tile)
return hit_list
def move(rect,movement,tiles):
collision_types = {'top':False,'bottom':False,'right':False,'left':False}
rect.x += movement[0]
hit_list = collision_test(rect,tiles)
for tile in hit_list:
if movement[0] > 0:
rect.right = tile.left
collision_types['right'] = True
elif movement[0] < 0:
rect.left = tile.right
collision_types['left'] = True
rect.y += movement[1]
hit_list = collision_test(rect,tiles)
for tile in hit_list:
if movement[1] > 0:
rect.bottom = tile.top
collision_types['bottom'] = True
elif movement[1] < 0:
rect.top = tile.bottom
collision_types['top'] = True
return rect,collision_types
# --- main ---
# you could put in class Map
#ame_map = load_map('data/pictures/map')
game_map = [['0','0','0'],['0','2',['2','2'],['1','1','1'],'1']]
# - init -
pygame.init()
pygame.display.set_caption('Pygame Platformer')
screen = pygame.display.set_mode(WINDOW_SIZE,32) # initiate the window
display = pygame.Surface((150,100)) # used as the surface for rendering,which is scaled
moving_right = False # you could put in class Player
moving_left = False # you could put in class Player
vertical_momentum = 0 # you could put in class Player
air_timer = 0 # you could put in class Player
scroll = [0,0] # you could put in class Player
#grass_img = pygame.image.load('data/pictures/Purple_grass.png')
#dirt_img = pygame.image.load('data/pictures/purple_tile.png')
grass_img = pygame.surface.Surface((8,8)) # you could put in class Map
grass_img.fill((0,0)) # you could put in class Map
dirt_img = pygame.surface.Surface((8,8)) # you could put in class Map
dirt_img.fill((255,64,64)) # you could put in class Map
player = Player()
mobs = [Mob(10,10)]
all_sprites = pygame.sprite.Group()
all_sprites.add(player,mobs)
# - you can get it once - # you could put in class Map
tile_rects = []
for y,layer in enumerate(game_map):
for x,tile in enumerate(layer):
if tile != '0':
tile_rects.append(pygame.Rect(x * 8,y * 8,8,8))
# - loop -
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
while True:
# - all updates -
all_sprites.update()
player_movement = [0,0]
if moving_right == True:
player_movement[0] += 1
if moving_left == True:
player_movement[0] -= 1
player_movement[1] += vertical_momentum
vertical_momentum += 0.3
if vertical_momentum > 3:
vertical_momentum = 3
player.rect,collisions = move(player.rect,player_movement,tile_rects)
if collisions['bottom'] == True:
air_timer = 0
player.jumpCount = 0
else:
air_timer += 1
for mob in mobs:
if pygame.sprite.collide_rect(player,mob):
#mob.image.fill((255,255))
mobs.pop(mobs.index(mob))
print("collide")
all_sprites.remove(mob)
else:
mob.image.fill((255,0))
# - all draws -
# scroll calculate after all moves
scroll[0] = int(player.rect.centerx - 75) # surface_width//2
scroll[1] = int(player.rect.centery - 50) # surface_height//2
#scroll[0] += (player.rect.x - scroll[0] -100 ) / 10
#scroll[1] += (player.rect.y - scroll[1] -52) / 10
display.fill((146,244,255)) # clear screen by filling it with blue
for y,layer in enumerate(game_map):
for x,tile in enumerate(layer):
if tile == '1':
display.blit(dirt_img,(x * 8 - scroll[0],y * 8 - scroll[1]))
if tile == '2':
display.blit(grass_img,y * 8 - scroll[1]))
for item in all_sprites:
display.blit(item.image,item.rect.y - scroll[1]))
#all_sprites.draw(display)
screen.blit(pygame.transform.scale(display,WINDOW_SIZE),(0,0))
pygame.display.update()
clock.tick(60)
# - all events -
for event in pygame.event.get(): # event loop
if event.type == QUIT:
pygame.quit()
sys.exit()
if event.type == KEYDOWN:
if event.key == K_RIGHT:
moving_right = True
if event.key == K_LEFT:
moving_left = True
if event.key == K_SPACE:
if air_timer < 6:
vertical_momentum = -5
if event.type == KEYUP:
if event.key == K_RIGHT:
moving_right = False
if event.key == K_LEFT:
moving_left = False
编辑：
具有更多类和其他更改的版本（例如pygame.math.Vector2()）
# PE8: all imports at the beginning
import pygame,sys
#from pygame.locals import * # PEP8: `import *` is not preferred
# --- constants ---
WINDOW_SIZE = (1200,800)
# --- classes --- # PEP8: all classes before main part
class Player(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
# PEP8: empty line before method
def __init__(self):
#pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self) # Python 2 & 3
super().__init__() # only Python 3
self.image = pygame.Surface((8,255))
self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
self.rect.centerx = 100
self.rect.bottom = 50
self.is_jump = False # PEP8: `lower_case_names` for variables
self.jump_count = 5 # PEP8: `lower_case_names` for variables
self.movement = pygame.math.Vector2(0,0)
self.speed = pygame.math.Vector2(0,0)
self.moving_right = False
self.moving_left = False
self.vertical_momentum = 0
self.air_timer = 0
def update(self):
self.speed.x = 0
#self.rect.x += self.speed.x
def draw(self,screen,offset):
screen.blit(self.image,self.rect.move(-offset))
class Mob(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self,y):
#pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self) # Python 2 & 3
super().__init__() # only Python 3
self.image = pygame.Surface((10,0))
self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
self.rect.centerx = y
self.rect.bottom = x
self.speedx = 0
self.speedy = 0
def update(self):
self.speedx = 0
self.speedy = 0
keystate = pygame.key.get_pressed()
if keystate[pygame.K_LEFT]:
self.speedx = -10
if keystate[pygame.K_RIGHT]:
self.speedx = 10
if keystate[pygame.K_SPACE]:
self.speedy = -30
self.rect.x += 0
self.rect.y += 0
def draw(self,self.rect.move(-offset))
#def load_map(path):
# f = open(path + '.txt','r')
# data = f.read()
# f.close()
#data = data.split('\n')
# game_map = []
# for row in data:
# game_map.append(list(row))
# return game_map
class Map():
def __init__(self,game_map):
self.game_map = game_map
#self.grass_img = pygame.image.load('data/pictures/Purple_grass.png')
#self.dirt_img = pygame.image.load('data/pictures/purple_tile.png')
self.grass_img = pygame.surface.Surface((8,8))
self.grass_img.fill((0,0))
self.dirt_img = pygame.surface.Surface((8,8))
self.dirt_img.fill((255,64))
# - you can calculate it only once -
self.tile_rects = []
for y,layer in enumerate(self.game_map):
for x,tile in enumerate(layer):
if tile != '0':
self.tile_rects.append(pygame.Rect(x*8,y*8,8))
def draw(self,offset):
for y,tile in enumerate(layer):
if tile == '1':
display.blit(self.dirt_img,(x*8 - offset.x,y*8 - offset.y))
elif tile == '2':
display.blit(self.grass_img,y*8 - offset.y))
# --- functions --- # PEP8: all functions before main part
def collision_test(rect,tiles):
hit_list = []
for tile in tiles:
if rect.colliderect(tile):
hit_list.append(tile)
return hit_list
def move(player,map_game):
collision_types = {'top': False,'bottom': False,'right': False,'left': False} # PEP8: spaces
player.rect.x += player.movement.x
hit_list = collision_test(player.rect,map_game.tile_rects)
for tile in hit_list:
if player.movement.x > 0:
player.rect.right = tile.left
collision_types['right'] = True
break
elif player.movement.x < 0:
player.rect.left = tile.right
collision_types['left'] = True
break
player.rect.y += player.movement.y
hit_list = collision_test(player.rect,map_game.tile_rects)
for tile in hit_list:
if player.movement.y > 0:
player.rect.bottom = tile.top
collision_types['bottom'] = True
break
elif player.movement.y < 0:
player.rect.top = tile.bottom
collision_types['top'] = True
break
return collision_types
# --- main ---
#ame_map = load_map('data/pictures/map')
game_map = [['0','1']]
# - init -
pygame.init()
pygame.display.set_caption('Pygame Platformer')
screen = pygame.display.set_mode(WINDOW_SIZE,which is scaled
scroll = pygame.math.Vector2(0,0)
map_data = Map(game_map)
player = Player()
mobs = [Mob(10,10),Mob(50,50)]
all_sprites = pygame.sprite.Group()
all_sprites.add(player,mobs)
# - main loop -
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
while True:
# - all updates -
#all_sprites.update()
player.movement.update(0,0)
if player.moving_right == True:
player.movement.x += 1
if player.moving_left == True:
player.movement.x -= 1
player.movement.y += player.vertical_momentum
player.vertical_momentum += 0.3
if player.vertical_momentum > 3:
player.vertical_momentum = 3
collisions = move(player,map_data)
if collisions['bottom'] == True:
player.air_timer = 0
player.jump_count = 0
player.vertical_momentum = 0
else:
player.air_timer += 1
for mob in mobs:
if pygame.sprite.collide_rect(player,255))
mobs.pop(mobs.index(mob))
print("collide")
all_sprites.remove(mob)
else:
mob.image.fill((255,0))
# - all draws -
# scroll
scroll.update(player.rect.centerx - 75,player.rect.centery - 50)
offset = pygame.math.Vector2(int(scroll.x),int(scroll.y))
display.fill((146,255)) # PEP8: spaces after `,`
map_data.draw(display,offset)
for item in all_sprites:
item.draw(display,offset)
screen.blit(pygame.transform.scale(display,0))
pygame.display.update()
clock.tick(60)
# - all events -
for event in pygame.event.get(): # event loop
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
pygame.quit()
sys.exit()
if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
if event.key == pygame.K_ESCAPE:
pygame.quit()
sys.exit()
if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
if event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
player.moving_right = True
if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
player.moving_left = True
if event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:
if player.air_timer < 6:
player.vertical_momentum = -5
if event.type == pygame.KEYUP:
if event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
player.moving_right = False
if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
player.moving_left = False
版权声明：本文内容由互联网用户自发贡献，该文观点与技术仅代表作者本人。本站仅提供信息存储空间服务，不拥有所有权，不承担相关法律责任。如发现本站有涉嫌侵权/违法违规的内容， 请发送邮件至 dio@foxmail.com 举报，一经查实，本站将立刻删除。