如何在GridBagLayout中垂直对齐不同大小的按钮?

如何解决如何在GridBagLayout中垂直对齐不同大小的按钮?

我从挥杆开始,我对如何在GridBagLayout中对齐元素有一些疑问,我不确定这是否是正确的方法,请提出建议。

我有以下代码

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class App {
    public void start() {
        JPanel mainPanel = new JPanel(new FlowLayout());
        mainPanel.setBorder(BorderFactory.createLineBorder(Color.CYAN,20));

        //buttons for initial options
        JButton button1 = new JButton("This is option A");
        JButton button2 = new JButton("option B");
        JButton button3 = new JButton("Another text");

        JPanel second = new JPanel(new GridBagLayout());
        GridBagConstraints gbc = new GridBagConstraints();
        gbc.anchor = GridBagConstraints.CENTER;
        second.setBackground(Color.GREEN);
        second.add(button1,gbc);
        second.add(button2,gbc);
        second.add(button3,gbc);

        mainPanel.add(second,BorderLayout.CENTER);

        //frame configuration
        JFrame frame = new JFrame();
        frame.setContentPane(mainPanel);
        frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        frame.setSize(800,600);
        frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
        frame.setVisible(true);
        frame.setResizable(false);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        UIManager.setLookAndFeel(UIManager.getCrossPlatformLookAndFeelClassName());
        SwingUtilities.invokeLater(() -> new App().start());
    }
}

我的目标是产生以下输出:

desired output

到目前为止,我已经尝试过使用垂直对齐的BoxLayout并可以使用,但是问题是它会覆盖按钮的首选大小,并且我希望它们的宽度都相同。

此外,我尝试使用GridLayout和BorderLayout将元素添加到NORTH,CENTER和SOUTH,但是按钮的大小发生了变化。

建议将元素居中但保持其尺寸不变的方法是什么?

解决方法

我会嵌套布局:

  1. 一个JPanel,用于保存按钮并使用new GridLayout(0,1,vGap) -一种网格,其中包含一列和可变数量的行,按钮之间具有vGap间隙。
  2. 将该JPanel添加到另一个使用GridBagLayout的JPanel中,并以默认方式(无GridBagConstraints)添加它,这会将第一个JPanel居中放置在第二个JPanel中。显然,这一定是所需的大小。可以通过以下任一方式来实现
  • 以明智的方式覆盖getPreferredSize()
  • 打电话给setPreferredSize(new Dimension(someWidth,someHeight))-简直不干净
  • 为此设置边框,特别是BorderFactor.EmptyBorder(gap,gap,gap),其中gap是JPanel周围边框的大小...

完成。

使用GridBagLayout的测试代码:

import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.GridBagLayout;
import java.awt.GridLayout;
import javax.swing.*;

public class ButtonLayout extends JPanel {
    public static final int MY_WIDTH = 750;
    public static final int MY_HEIGHT = 500;
    private static final float BTN_SIZE = 24f;
    
    private String[] buttonTexts = {"This is Option A","Option B","Something Else Entirely"};
    
    public ButtonLayout() {
        int colGap = 20;
        JPanel buttonPanel = new JPanel(new GridLayout(0,colGap));
        for (String btnText : buttonTexts) {
            JButton button = new JButton(btnText);
            
            // set first letter of text as mnemonic (alt-char shortcut)
            int mnemonic = (int) btnText.charAt(0);
            button.setMnemonic(mnemonic);
            
            // make button bigger by increasing its font
            button.setFont(button.getFont().deriveFont(BTN_SIZE));
            
            // add to the GridLayout-using JPanel
            buttonPanel.add(button);
        }
        
        // set layout of main panel to GridBag
        setLayout(new GridBagLayout());
        
        // add the button panel in a "default" manner (no constraints)
        // which centers this panel
        add(buttonPanel);
    }
    
    @Override
    public Dimension getPreferredSize() {
        Dimension superSize = super.getPreferredSize();
        int width = Math.max(MY_WIDTH,superSize.width);
        int height = Math.max(MY_HEIGHT,superSize.height);
        
        return new Dimension(width,height);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SwingUtilities.invokeLater(() -> createAndShowGui());
    }

    private static void createAndShowGui() {
        ButtonLayout mainPanel = new ButtonLayout();
        JFrame frame = new JFrame("ButtonLayout");
        frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);
        frame.add(mainPanel);
        frame.pack();
        frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

使用EmptyBorder的示例2:

import java.awt.GridLayout;
import javax.swing.*;

@SuppressWarnings("serial")
public class ButtonLayout extends JPanel {
    public static final int MY_WIDTH = 750;
    public static final int MY_HEIGHT = 500;
    private static final float BTN_SIZE = 24f;
    
    private String[] buttonTexts = {"This is Option A",colGap));
        for (String btnText : buttonTexts) {
            JButton button = new JButton(btnText);
            
            // set first letter of text as mnemonic (alt-char shortcut)
            int mnemonic = (int) btnText.charAt(0);
            button.setMnemonic(mnemonic);
            
            // make button bigger by increasing its font
            button.setFont(button.getFont().deriveFont(BTN_SIZE));
            
            // add to the GridLayout-using JPanel
            buttonPanel.add(button);
        }
        
        add(buttonPanel);
        
        int top = 60;
        int left = top;
        int bottom = 2 * top;
        int right = left;
        setBorder(BorderFactory.createEmptyBorder(top,left,bottom,right));
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SwingUtilities.invokeLater(() -> createAndShowGui());
    }

    private static void createAndShowGui() {
        ButtonLayout mainPanel = new ButtonLayout();
        JFrame frame = new JFrame("ButtonLayout");
        frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);
        frame.add(mainPanel);
        frame.pack();
        frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}
,

我不确定我是否完全理解这个问题,但是例如,如果您想垂直对齐按钮,但是允许它们保持其首选大小,例如,不要提供任何类型的fill约束

Simple

import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.GridBagConstraints;
import java.awt.GridBagLayout;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;

public class SoTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new SoTest();
    }

    public SoTest() {
        EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                JFrame frame = new JFrame();
                frame.add(new TestPane());
                frame.pack();
                frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
                frame.setVisible(true);
            }
        });
    }

    public class TestPane extends JPanel {

        public TestPane() {
            setLayout(new GridBagLayout());

            GridBagConstraints gbc = new GridBagConstraints();
            gbc.gridwidth = GridBagConstraints.REMAINDER;

            add(new JButton("This is option A"),gbc);
            add(new JButton("Option B"),gbc);
            add(new JButton("Another button"),gbc);
        }

    }
}

或者,如果您希望它们具有相同的宽度,请使用fill约束

Same size

import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.GridBagConstraints;
import java.awt.GridBagLayout;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;

public class SoTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new SoTest();
    }

    public SoTest() {
        EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                JFrame frame = new JFrame();
                frame.add(new TestPane());
                frame.pack();
                frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
                frame.setVisible(true);
            }
        });
    }

    public class TestPane extends JPanel {

        public TestPane() {
            setLayout(new GridBagLayout());

            GridBagConstraints gbc = new GridBagConstraints();
            gbc.gridwidth = GridBagConstraints.REMAINDER;
            gbc.fill = GridBagConstraints.BOTH;

            add(new JButton("This is option A"),gbc);
        }

    }
}

如果要混合使用更复杂的布局,则应考虑使用复合布局

但是等等,没有轮廓...

因此,您可能会通过多种方式做到这一点,例如,您可以使用CompoundBorder ....

setBorder(new CompoundBorder(new LineBorder(Color.CYAN,16),new EmptyBorder(32,32,32)));

Now with border

但是细节决定成败

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