在某些网址上使用MISS，但在其他网址上使用HITS

分类：编程问答

如何解决在某些网址上使用MISS，但在其他网址上使用HITS

我们将Magento 2与Varnish缓存一起使用

我们只能在极少数的/ catalogsearch / result /页面上获得Varnish Cache HIT，我们真的无法弄清楚为什么在所有/ catalogsearch / result /页面上都无法获得缓存HIT。

请按正确的方向帮助我们：-）

例如。

我们总是在此网址上获得HIT

我们总是会在许多其他搜索查询中获得MISS

这是我们的varnish.vlc 

# VCL version 5.0 is not supported so it should be 4.0 even though actually used Varnish version is 5
vcl 4.0;

import std;
# The minimal Varnish version is 5.0
# For SSL offloading,pass the following header in your proxy server or load balancer: 'X-Forwarded-Proto: https'

backend default {
    .host = "127.0.0.1";
    .port = "8080";
    .first_byte_timeout = 600s;
}

acl purge {
    "127.0.0.1";
}

sub vcl_recv {


    if (req.method == "PURGE") {
        if (client.ip !~ purge) {
            return (synth(405,"Method not allowed"));
        }
        # To use the X-Pool header for purging varnish during automated deployments,make sure the X-Pool header
        # has been added to the response in your backend server config. This is used,for example,by the
        # capistrano-magento2 gem for purging old content from varnish during it's deploy routine.
        if (!req.http.X-Magento-Tags-Pattern && !req.http.X-Pool) {
            return (synth(400,"X-Magento-Tags-Pattern or X-Pool header required"));
        }
        if (req.http.X-Magento-Tags-Pattern) {
          ban("obj.http.X-Magento-Tags ~ " + req.http.X-Magento-Tags-Pattern);
        }
        if (req.http.X-Pool) {
          ban("obj.http.X-Pool ~ " + req.http.X-Pool);
        }
        return (synth(200,"Purged"));
    }

    if (req.method != "GET" &&
        req.method != "HEAD" &&
        req.method != "PUT" &&
        req.method != "POST" &&
        req.method != "TRACE" &&
        req.method != "OPTIONS" &&
        req.method != "DELETE") {
          /* Non-RFC2616 or CONNECT which is weird. */
          return (pipe);
    }

    # We only deal with GET and HEAD by default
    if (req.method != "GET" && req.method != "HEAD") {
        return (pass);
    }


    # Bypass shopping cart,checkout
    if (req.url ~ "/checkout") {
    return (pass);
    }
    
    # Bypass health check requests
    if (req.url ~ "/pub/health_check.php") {
        return (pass);
    }

    # Set initial grace period usage status
    set req.http.grace = "none";

    # normalize url in case of leading HTTP scheme and domain
    set req.url = regsub(req.url,"^http[s]?://","");

    # collect all cookies
    std.collect(req.http.Cookie);

    # Compression filter. See https://www.varnish-cache.org/trac/wiki/FAQ/Compression
    if (req.http.Accept-Encoding) {
        if (req.url ~ "\.(jpg|jpeg|png|gif|gz|tgz|bz2|tbz|mp3|ogg|swf|flv)$") {
            # No point in compressing these
            unset req.http.Accept-Encoding;
        } elsif (req.http.Accept-Encoding ~ "gzip") {
            set req.http.Accept-Encoding = "gzip";
        } elsif (req.http.Accept-Encoding ~ "deflate" && req.http.user-agent !~ "MSIE") {
            set req.http.Accept-Encoding = "deflate";
        } else {
            # unknown algorithm
            unset req.http.Accept-Encoding;
        }
    }

    # Remove all marketing get parameters to minimize the cache objects
    if (req.url ~ "(\?|&)(gclid|ff|fp|cx|ie|cof|siteurl|zanpid|origin|fbclid|mc_[a-z]+|utm_[a-z]+|_bta_[a-z]+)=") {
        set req.url = regsuball(req.url,"(gclid|ff|fp|cx|ie|cof|siteurl|zanpid|origin|fbclid|mc_[a-z]+|utm_[a-z]+|_bta_[a-z]+)=[-_A-z0-9+()%.]+&?","");
        set req.url = regsub(req.url,"[?|&]+$","");
    }

    # Static files caching
    if (req.url ~ "^/(pub/)?(media|static)/") {
        # Static files should not be cached by default
        #return (pass);

        # But if you use a few locales and don't use CDN you can enable caching static files by commenting previous line (#return (pass);) and uncommenting next 3 lines
        unset req.http.Https;
        unset req.http.X-Forwarded-Proto;
        unset req.http.Cookie;
    }

    return (hash);
}

sub vcl_hash {
    if (req.http.cookie ~ "X-Magento-Vary=") {
        hash_data(regsub(req.http.cookie,"^.*?X-Magento-Vary=([^;]+);*.*$","\1"));
    }

    # For multi site configurations to not cache each other's content
    if (req.http.host) {
        hash_data(req.http.host);
    } else {
        hash_data(server.ip);
    }

    # To make sure http users don't see ssl warning
    if (req.http.X-Forwarded-Proto) {
        hash_data(req.http.X-Forwarded-Proto);
    }
 
    if (req.url ~ "/graphql") {
        call process_graphql_headers;
    }
    

}

sub process_graphql_headers {
    if (req.http.Store) {
        hash_data(req.http.Store);
    }
    if (req.http.Content-Currency) {
        hash_data(req.http.Content-Currency);
    }
}

sub vcl_backend_response {

    set beresp.grace = 3d;

    if (beresp.http.content-type ~ "text") {
        set beresp.do_esi = true;
    }

    if (bereq.url ~ "\.js$" || beresp.http.content-type ~ "text") {
        set beresp.do_gzip = true;
    }

    if (beresp.http.X-Magento-Debug) {
        set beresp.http.X-Magento-Cache-Control = beresp.http.Cache-Control;
    }

    # cache only successfully responses
    if (beresp.status != 200) {
        set beresp.ttl = 0s;
        set beresp.uncacheable = true;
        return (deliver);
    } elsif (beresp.http.Cache-Control ~ "private") {
        set beresp.uncacheable = true;
        set beresp.ttl = 44400s;
        return (deliver);
    }

    # validate if we need to cache it and prevent from setting cookie
    if (beresp.ttl > 0s && (bereq.method == "GET" || bereq.method == "HEAD")) {
        unset beresp.http.set-cookie;
    }



   # If page is not cacheable then bypass varnish for 2 minutes as Hit-For-Pass
   if (beresp.ttl <= 0s ||
       beresp.http.Surrogate-control ~ "no-store" ||
       (!beresp.http.Surrogate-Control &&
       beresp.http.Cache-Control ~ "no-cache|no-store") ||
       beresp.http.Vary == "*") {
        # Mark as Hit-For-Pass for the next 2 minutes
        set beresp.ttl = 120s;
        set beresp.uncacheable = true;
    }

    return (deliver);
}

sub vcl_deliver {
    if (resp.http.X-Magento-Debug) {
        if (resp.http.x-varnish ~ " ") {
            set resp.http.X-Magento-Cache-Debug = "HIT";
            set resp.http.Grace = req.http.grace;
        } else {
            set resp.http.X-Magento-Cache-Debug = "MISS";
        }
    } #else {
      #  unset resp.http.Age;
   # }

    # Not letting browser to cache non-static files.
    if (resp.http.Cache-Control !~ "private" && req.url !~ "^/(pub/)?(media|static)/") {
        set resp.http.Pragma = "no-cache";
        set resp.http.Expires = "-1";
        set resp.http.Cache-Control = "no-store,no-cache,must-revalidate,max-age=0";
    }

    unset resp.http.X-Magento-Debug;
    unset resp.http.X-Magento-Tags;
    unset resp.http.X-Powered-By;
    unset resp.http.Server;
    unset resp.http.X-Varnish;
    unset resp.http.Via;
    unset resp.http.Link;
}

sub vcl_hit {
    if (obj.ttl >= 0s) {
        # Hit within TTL period
        return (deliver);
    }
    if (std.healthy(req.backend_hint)) {
        if (obj.ttl + 3000000s > 0s) {
            # Hit after TTL expiration,but within grace period
            set req.http.grace = "normal (healthy server)";
            return (deliver);
        } else {
            # Hit after TTL and grace expiration
            return (miss);
        }
    } else {
        # server is not healthy,retrieve from cache
        set req.http.grace = "unlimited (unhealthy server)";
        return (deliver);
    }
}

解决方法

要判断实际情况是很难的，因为在Magento和Cloudflare的CDN之前都有Varnish缓存。

无缓存/无存储缓存控制值

对于您的搜索，我通常会看到以下Cache-Control值：

cache-control: no-store,no-cache,must-revalidate,max-age=0

基于此值，Varnish将决定不缓存。在搜索结果必须的响应标题中，您将看到已设置Age: 0。这意味着Varnish不会将值保存在缓存中。

不应被缓存的缓存搜索结果

但是，奇怪的是，https://www.babygear.dk/catalogsearch/result/?q=bog确实有一个Age标头，其值大于零：

age: 38948

这意味着它已缓存38948秒。但实际上，这不应该发生，因为该页面不应该是可缓存的。

使搜索结果可缓存：

如果您要缓存搜索结果，请确保您有一个Cache-Control标头可以缓存。

示例：

Cache-Control: public,s-maxage=3600

使用Varnishlog进行调试

如果您真的想知道Varnish幕后发生的情况，可以使用varnishlog二进制文件进行一些调试。

您可以运行以下命令以获取调试输出：

varnishlog -g request -q "ReqUrl eq '/catalogsearch/result/\?q=bog'"

这将打印一些非常详细的日志，说明Varnish如何处理导致点击的URL。您可以将此输出添加到您的问题中，我可以尝试检查发生了什么。

仅供参考：几年前，我写了一篇有关varnishlog的非常详细的博客文章。请前往https://feryn.eu/blog/varnishlog-measure-varnish-cache-performance/看看并学习。

Cloudflare在做什么？

所有这些，我不知道Cloudflare对网站的可缓存性有什么影响。 varnishlog的输出将为我们提供一些见识，但是如果这些结果与现实不符，Cloudflare可能会妨碍我们。

调试时请记住这一点。

,

在vcl_recv里面添加

 # Bypass search requests
    if (req.url ~ "/catalogsearch") {
        return (pass);
    }

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