尝试将model.pickle加载到API，但引发```AttributeError：'Data'对象没有属性'columns'``

如何解决尝试将model.pickle加载到API，但引发```AttributeError：'Data'对象没有属性'columns'``

我已经使用pycaret建立了分类模型，并且已经生成了pickle文件。然后，我尝试构建一个API并使用fastapi加载pickle文件。

import logging
import pickle
from pydantic import BaseModel
import numpy as np
from pycaret.classification import *

import uvicorn
from fastapi import FastAPI
from fastapi import Depends


app = FastAPI()

model = load_model('catboost_cm_creditable')

class Data(BaseModel):
    age: float
    live_province: str
    live_city: str
    live_area_big: str
    live_area_small: str
    sex: float
    marital: float
    bank: str
    salary: float
    amount: float


@app.post("/predict")
def predict(data: Data = Depends()):
    predictions_df = predict_model(estimator=model,data=data)
    predictions = predictions_df["Score"][0]
    return predictions

该api可以完美运行，但实际上是当我尝试测试api并根据其返回的功能为其提供输入时：

INFO:     127.0.0.1:60235 - "POST /predict?age=24&live_province=DKI%20Jakarta&live_city=Jakarta%20Selatan&live_area_big=Pesanggrahan&live_area_small=Bintaro&sex=1&marital=2&bank=BCA&salary=7000000&amount=1000000 HTTP/1.1" 500 Internal Server Error
ERROR:    Exception in ASGI application
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/bhaskoromuthohar/dev/Credit-Scoring-App/.venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/uvicorn/protocols/http/httptools_impl.py",line 390,in run_asgi
    result = await app(self.scope,self.receive,self.send)
  File "/Users/bhaskoromuthohar/dev/Credit-Scoring-App/.venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/uvicorn/middleware/proxy_headers.py",line 45,in __call__
    return await self.app(scope,receive,send)
  File "/Users/bhaskoromuthohar/dev/Credit-Scoring-App/.venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/fastapi/applications.py",line 179,in __call__
    await super().__call__(scope,send)
  File "/Users/bhaskoromuthohar/dev/Credit-Scoring-App/.venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/starlette/applications.py",line 111,in __call__
    await self.middleware_stack(scope,send)
  File "/Users/bhaskoromuthohar/dev/Credit-Scoring-App/.venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/starlette/middleware/errors.py",line 181,in __call__
    raise exc from None
  File "/Users/bhaskoromuthohar/dev/Credit-Scoring-App/.venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/starlette/middleware/errors.py",line 159,in __call__
    await self.app(scope,_send)
  File "/Users/bhaskoromuthohar/dev/Credit-Scoring-App/.venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/starlette/exceptions.py",line 82,in __call__
    raise exc from None
  File "/Users/bhaskoromuthohar/dev/Credit-Scoring-App/.venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/starlette/exceptions.py",line 71,sender)
  File "/Users/bhaskoromuthohar/dev/Credit-Scoring-App/.venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/starlette/routing.py",line 566,in __call__
    await route.handle(scope,send)
  File "/Users/bhaskoromuthohar/dev/Credit-Scoring-App/.venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/starlette/routing.py",line 227,in handle
    await self.app(scope,line 41,in app
    response = await func(request)
  File "/Users/bhaskoromuthohar/dev/Credit-Scoring-App/.venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/fastapi/routing.py",line 183,in app
    dependant=dependant,values=values,is_coroutine=is_coroutine
  File "/Users/bhaskoromuthohar/dev/Credit-Scoring-App/.venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/fastapi/routing.py",line 135,in run_endpoint_function
    return await run_in_threadpool(dependant.call,**values)
  File "/Users/bhaskoromuthohar/dev/Credit-Scoring-App/.venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/starlette/concurrency.py",line 34,in run_in_threadpool
    return await loop.run_in_executor(None,func,*args)
  File "/Users/bhaskoromuthohar/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/concurrent/futures/thread.py",line 57,in run
    result = self.fn(*self.args,**self.kwargs)
  File "./main.py",line 31,in predict
    predictions_df = predict_model(estimator=model,data=data)
  File "/Users/bhaskoromuthohar/dev/Credit-Scoring-App/.venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pycaret/classification.py",line 10700,in predict_model
    Xtest = prep_pipe_transformer.transform(data)
  File "/Users/bhaskoromuthohar/dev/Credit-Scoring-App/.venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/sklearn/pipeline.py",line 549,in _transform
    Xt = transform.transform(Xt)
  File "/Users/bhaskoromuthohar/dev/Credit-Scoring-App/.venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pycaret/preprocess.py",line 300,in transform
    data.columns = [str(i) for i in data.columns]
AttributeError: 'Data' object has no attribute 'columns'

！ fastapi文档的输出

我认为问题在于将泡菜加载到API中的方式。你们能给我一些正确的方法来装载泡菜吗？

解决方法

我的猜测是您的错误归因于此行

def predict(data: Data = Depends()):

为了将pydantic模型声明为必需模型，您不必运行Depends()。只需使用data: Data。

Depends仅用于依赖项注入，事实并非如此。

有关请求正文https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/body/

的更多信息，请参见文档。