如何解决Centos 8 上的软件包升级后出现非法指令核心转储
当我输入“yum update -y”命令时，我的 centos 8 出现了一些问题。之后，当我运行 yum 或任何 python 脚本时，我开始收到非法指令（核心转储）消息。
在升级过程中我遇到了这样的错误：
Upgrading : NetworkManager-libnm-1:1.30.0-0.5.el8.x86_64 18/168
Running scriptlet: NetworkManager-libnm-1:1.30.0-0.5.el8.x86_64 18/168
Running scriptlet: NetworkManager-1:1.30.0-0.5.el8.x86_64 19/168
Upgrading : NetworkManager-1:1.30.0-0.5.el8.x86_64 19/168
Running scriptlet: NetworkManager-1:1.30.0-0.5.el8.x86_64 19/168
/var/tmp/rpm-tmp.1WBtNY: line 4: 4581 Illegal instruction (core dumped) firewall-cmd --reload --quiet
Upgrading : elfutils-libs-0.182-3.el8.x86_64 20/168
Upgrading : elfutils-debuginfod-client-0.182-3.el8.x86_64 21/168
Upgrading : python3-syspurpose-1.28.9-1.el8.x86_64 22/168
Running scriptlet: selinux-policy-targeted-3.14.3-59.el8.noarch 58/168
Upgrading : selinux-policy-targeted-3.14.3-59.el8.noarch 58/168
Running scriptlet: selinux-policy-targeted-3.14.3-59.el8.noarch 58/168
Upgrading : subscription-manager-1.28.9-1.el8.x86_64 59/168
Running scriptlet: subscription-manager-1.28.9-1.el8.x86_64 59/168
chmod: cannot access '/etc/pki/entitlement/*.pem': No such file or directory
Upgrading : lvm2-8:2.03.11-0.4.20201222gitb84a992.el8.x86_64 60/168
Running scriptlet: lvm2-8:2.03.11-0.4.20201222gitb84a992.el8.x86_64 60/168
Upgrading : kpartx-0.8.4-7.el8.x86_64 61/168
Upgrading : xfsprogs-5.0.0-7.el8.x86_64 62/168
Cleanup : elfutils-default-yama-scope-0.182-2.el8.noarch 154/168
Cleanup : tzdata-java-2020d-1.el8.noarch 155/168
Cleanup : samba-common-4.13.2-5.el8.noarch 156/168
Running scriptlet: NetworkManager-1:1.30.0-0.4.el8.x86_64 157/168
Cleanup : NetworkManager-1:1.30.0-0.4.el8.x86_64 157/168
Running scriptlet: NetworkManager-1:1.30.0-0.4.el8.x86_64 157/168
/var/tmp/rpm-tmp.M7HXpR: line 4: 9248 Illegal instruction (core dumped) firewall-cmd --reload --quiet
Cleanup : NetworkManager-libnm-1:1.30.0-0.4.el8.x86_64 158/168
Running scriptlet: NetworkManager-libnm-1:1.30.0-0.4.el8.x86_64 158/168
Cleanup : perl-libs-4:5.26.3-417.el8.x86_64 159/168
Cleanup : python3-libs-3.6.8-33.el8.x86_64 164/168
Cleanup : glibc-2.28-141.el8.x86_64 165/168
Cleanup : glibc-langpack-en-2.28-141.el8.x86_64 166/168
Cleanup : glibc-common-2.28-141.el8.x86_64 167/168
Cleanup : tzdata-2020d-1.el8.noarch 168/168
Running scriptlet: libwbclient-4.13.3-1.el8.x86_64 168/168
Running scriptlet: tuned-2.15.0-1.el8.noarch 168/168
Running scriptlet: kmod-kvdo-6.2.4.26-76.el8.x86_64 168/168
sort: fflush failed: 'standard output': Broken pipe
sort: write error
gzip: stdout: Broken pipe
gzip: stdout: Broken pipe
sort: write failed: 'standard output': Broken pipe
sort: write error
sort: fflush failed: 'standard output': Broken pipe
sort: write error
gzip: stdout: Broken pipe
gzip: stdout: Broken pipe
sort: write failed: 'standard output': Broken pipe
sort: write error
Running scriptlet: tzdata-2020d-1.el8.noarch 168/168
[/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/pesign.conf:1] Line references path below legacy directory /var/run/,updating /var/run/pesign вЖТ /run/pesign; please update the tmpfiles.d/ drop-in file accordingly.
Running scriptlet: glibc-common-2.28-145.el8.x86_64 168/168
Verifying : python3-pexpect-4.3.1-3.el8.noarch 1/168
Verifying : python3-ptyprocess-0.5.2-4.el8.noarch 2/168
Verifying : abattis-cantarell-fonts-0.0.25-6.el8.noarch 3/168
现在问题是 yum 或一些 python 包的导入。但是 curl 没问题。
[root@ddns-ard-2 ~]#
[root@ddns-ard-2 ~]# yum --version
Illegal instruction (core dumped)
[root@ddns-ard-2 ~]# yum upgrade
Illegal instruction (core dumped)
[root@ddns-ard-2 ~]# python3
Python 3.6.8 (default,Dec 22 2020,19:04:08)
[GCC 8.4.1 20200928 (Red Hat 8.4.1-1)] on linux
Type "help","copyright","credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import sys
>>> import pymongo
Illegal instruction (core dumped)
[root@ddns-ard-2 ~]# rpm -q curl
curl-7.61.1-17.el8.x86_64
[root@ddns-ard-2 ~]# curl https://www.google.com | more
% Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current
Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 0<!doctype html>
来自我的 /var/log/messages 的消息
Jan 12 02:18:02 ddns-ard-2 kernel: traps: yum[3731] trap invalid opcode ip:7efdef6dd59f sp:7ffef19166c0 error:0 in libm-2.28.so[7efdef655000+181000]
Jan 12 02:18:02 ddns-ard-2 systemd[1]: Started Process Core Dump (PID 3732/UID 0).
Jan 12 02:18:02 ddns-ard-2 systemd-coredump[3733]: Resource limits disable core dumping for process 3731 (yum).
Jan 12 02:18:02 ddns-ard-2 systemd-coredump[3733]: Process 3731 (yum) of user 0 dumped core.
Jan 12 02:18:02 ddns-ard-2 systemd[1]: systemd-coredump@278-3732-0.service: Succeeded.
我在互联网上建立的解决方法没有帮助
[root@ddns-ard-2 ~]# export NSS_DISABLE_HW_AES=1
[root@ddns-ard-2 ~]# yum --version
Illegal instruction (core dumped)
[root@ddns-ard-2 ~]# export NSS_DISABLE_HW_GCM=1
[root@ddns-ard-2 ~]# yum --version
Illegal instruction (core dumped)
[root@ddns-ard-2 ~]#
[root@ddns-ard-2 ~]# dnf
Illegal instruction (core dumped)
[root@ddns-ard-2 ~]#
任何想法如何解决这个问题？
我有 5 个内核相同的虚拟 CPU 这是有关其中之一的信息：
[root@ddns-ard-2 ~]# cat /proc/cpuinfo
processor : 0
vendor_id : GenuineIntel
cpu family : 6
model : 63
model name : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2699 v3 @ 2.30GHz
stepping : 2
microcode : 0x38
cpu MHz : 2294.686
cache size : 46080 KB
physical id : 0
siblings : 1
core id : 0
cpu cores : 1
apicid : 0
initial apicid : 0
fpu : yes
fpu_exception : yes
cpuid level : 15
wp : yes
flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss syscall nx rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts nopl xtopology tsc_reliable nonstop_tsc cpuid aperfmperf pni pclmulqdq ssse3 fma cx16 sse4_1 sse4_2 movbe popcnt aes xsave avx hypervisor lahf_lm epb pti cqm_llc cqm_occup_llc dtherm ida arat pln pts
bugs : cpu_meltdown spectre_v1 spectre_v2 spec_store_bypass l1tf mds swapgs itlb_multihit
bogomips : 4589.37
clflush size : 64
cache_alignment : 64
address sizes : 40 bits physical,48 bits virtual
power management:
解决方法
如果管理程序屏蔽 XSAVE 支持，但不屏蔽 CPUID 中的 FMA 功能位，则会发生这种情况。这是一个有点奇怪的虚拟机管理程序配置，这就是为什么它没有在测试中被发现。在虚拟机管理程序中选择不同的 CPU 模型应该可以解决这个问题（支持 AVX2 的应该这样做）。作为副作用，您可能会从虚拟机中获得更好的性能。
有些人通过适当的渠道报告了这一点，我已经在错误报告中发布了一个修补程序版本：
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