在 .NET Core C# 控制台应用程序中使用 HttpClient 进行 Google 社交登录？

分类：编程问答

如何解决在 .NET Core C# 控制台应用程序中使用 HttpClient 进行 Google 社交登录？

我开发了一个用于学习目的的 ASP.NET Core C# Web API 项目。我想为我的 Web API 集成 Google 外部登录/身份验证。作为练习，我想从使用 HttpClient 的控制台应用程序通过 google 对用户进行身份验证，检索令牌，然后将此令牌用于对我的 Web API 端点的每个请求。我在控制台应用程序和设置 Web API 中都找不到任何有用的教程来解释如何执行此操作。我怎样才能做到这一点？谢谢。

解决方法

谷歌在这个 repo 中有一个很棒的 .net 控制台应用程序示例，看看代码

https://github.com/googlesamples/oauth-apps-for-windows/tree/master/OAuthConsoleApp

using Newtonsoft.Json;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.IO;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Security.Cryptography;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace OAuthConsoleApp
{
    class Program
    {
        const string AuthorizationEndpoint = "https://accounts.google.com/o/oauth2/v2/auth";

        static async Task<int> Main(string[] args)
        {
            if (args.Length != 2)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Required command line arguments: client-id client-secret");
                return 1;
            }
            string clientId = args[0];
            string clientSecret = args[1];
            
            Console.WriteLine("+-----------------------+");
            Console.WriteLine("|  Sign in with Google  |");
            Console.WriteLine("+-----------------------+");
            Console.WriteLine("");
            Console.WriteLine("Press any key to sign in...");
            Console.ReadKey();

            Program p = new Program();
            await p.DoOAuthAsync(clientId,clientSecret);

            Console.WriteLine("Press any key to exit...");
            Console.ReadKey();
            return 0;
        }

        // ref http://stackoverflow.com/a/3978040
        public static int GetRandomUnusedPort()
        {
            var listener = new TcpListener(IPAddress.Loopback,0);
            listener.Start();
            var port = ((IPEndPoint)listener.LocalEndpoint).Port;
            listener.Stop();
            return port;
        }

        private async Task DoOAuthAsync(string clientId,string clientSecret)
        {
            // Generates state and PKCE values.
            string state = GenerateRandomDataBase64url(32);
            string codeVerifier = GenerateRandomDataBase64url(32);
            string codeChallenge = Base64UrlEncodeNoPadding(Sha256Ascii(codeVerifier));
            const string codeChallengeMethod = "S256";

            // Creates a redirect URI using an available port on the loopback address.
            string redirectUri = $"http://{IPAddress.Loopback}:{GetRandomUnusedPort()}/";
            Log("redirect URI: " + redirectUri);

            // Creates an HttpListener to listen for requests on that redirect URI.
            var http = new HttpListener();
            http.Prefixes.Add(redirectUri);
            Log("Listening..");
            http.Start();

            // Creates the OAuth 2.0 authorization request.
            string authorizationRequest = string.Format("{0}?response_type=code&scope=openid%20profile&redirect_uri={1}&client_id={2}&state={3}&code_challenge={4}&code_challenge_method={5}",AuthorizationEndpoint,Uri.EscapeDataString(redirectUri),clientId,state,codeChallenge,codeChallengeMethod);

            // Opens request in the browser.
            Process.Start(authorizationRequest);

            // Waits for the OAuth authorization response.
            var context = await http.GetContextAsync();

            // Brings the Console to Focus.
            BringConsoleToFront();

            // Sends an HTTP response to the browser.
            var response = context.Response;
            string responseString = "<html><head><meta http-equiv='refresh' content='10;url=https://google.com'></head><body>Please return to the app.</body></html>";
            byte[] buffer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(responseString);
            response.ContentLength64 = buffer.Length;
            var responseOutput = response.OutputStream;
            await responseOutput.WriteAsync(buffer,buffer.Length);
            responseOutput.Close();
            http.Stop();
            Log("HTTP server stopped.");

            // Checks for errors.
            string error = context.Request.QueryString.Get("error");
            if (error is object)
            {
                Log($"OAuth authorization error: {error}.");
                return;
            }
            if (context.Request.QueryString.Get("code") is null
                || context.Request.QueryString.Get("state") is null)
            {
                Log($"Malformed authorization response. {context.Request.QueryString}");
                return;
            }

            // extracts the code
            var code = context.Request.QueryString.Get("code");
            var incomingState = context.Request.QueryString.Get("state");

            // Compares the receieved state to the expected value,to ensure that
            // this app made the request which resulted in authorization.
            if (incomingState != state)
            {
                Log($"Received request with invalid state ({incomingState})");
                return;
            }
            Log("Authorization code: " + code);

            // Starts the code exchange at the Token Endpoint.
            await ExchangeCodeForTokensAsync(code,codeVerifier,redirectUri,clientSecret);
        }

        async Task ExchangeCodeForTokensAsync(string code,string codeVerifier,string redirectUri,string clientId,string clientSecret)
        {
            Log("Exchanging code for tokens...");

            // builds the  request
            string tokenRequestUri = "https://www.googleapis.com/oauth2/v4/token";
            string tokenRequestBody = string.Format("code={0}&redirect_uri={1}&client_id={2}&code_verifier={3}&client_secret={4}&scope=&grant_type=authorization_code",code,clientSecret
                );

            // sends the request
            HttpWebRequest tokenRequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(tokenRequestUri);
            tokenRequest.Method = "POST";
            tokenRequest.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
            tokenRequest.Accept = "Accept=text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8";
            byte[] tokenRequestBodyBytes = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(tokenRequestBody);
            tokenRequest.ContentLength = tokenRequestBodyBytes.Length;
            using (Stream requestStream = tokenRequest.GetRequestStream())
            {
                await requestStream.WriteAsync(tokenRequestBodyBytes,tokenRequestBodyBytes.Length);
            }

            try
            {
                // gets the response
                WebResponse tokenResponse = await tokenRequest.GetResponseAsync();
                using (StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(tokenResponse.GetResponseStream()))
                {
                    // reads response body
                    string responseText = await reader.ReadToEndAsync();
                    Console.WriteLine(responseText);

                    // converts to dictionary
                    Dictionary<string,string> tokenEndpointDecoded = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<Dictionary<string,string>>(responseText);

                    string accessToken = tokenEndpointDecoded["access_token"];
                    await RequestUserInfoAsync(accessToken);
                }
            }
            catch (WebException ex)
            {
                if (ex.Status == WebExceptionStatus.ProtocolError)
                {
                    var response = ex.Response as HttpWebResponse;
                    if (response != null)
                    {
                        Log("HTTP: " + response.StatusCode);
                        using (StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream()))
                        {
                            // reads response body
                            string responseText = await reader.ReadToEndAsync();
                            Log(responseText);
                        }
                    }

                }
            }
        }

        private async Task RequestUserInfoAsync(string accessToken)
        {
            Log("Making API Call to Userinfo...");

            // builds the  request
            string userinfoRequestUri = "https://www.googleapis.com/oauth2/v3/userinfo";

            // sends the request
            HttpWebRequest userinfoRequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(userinfoRequestUri);
            userinfoRequest.Method = "GET";
            userinfoRequest.Headers.Add(string.Format("Authorization: Bearer {0}",accessToken));
            userinfoRequest.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
            userinfoRequest.Accept = "Accept=text/html,*/*;q=0.8";

            // gets the response
            WebResponse userinfoResponse = await userinfoRequest.GetResponseAsync();
            using (StreamReader userinfoResponseReader = new StreamReader(userinfoResponse.GetResponseStream()))
            {
                // reads response body
                string userinfoResponseText = await userinfoResponseReader.ReadToEndAsync();
                Log(userinfoResponseText);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Appends the given string to the on-screen log,and the debug console.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="output">String to be logged</param>
        private void Log(string output)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(output);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Returns URI-safe data with a given input length.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="length">Input length (nb. output will be longer)</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        private static string GenerateRandomDataBase64url(uint length)
        {
            RNGCryptoServiceProvider rng = new RNGCryptoServiceProvider();
            byte[] bytes = new byte[length];
            rng.GetBytes(bytes);
            return Base64UrlEncodeNoPadding(bytes);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Returns the SHA256 hash of the input string,which is assumed to be ASCII.
        /// </summary>
        private static byte[] Sha256Ascii(string text)
        {
            byte[] bytes = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(text);
            using (SHA256Managed sha256 = new SHA256Managed())
            {
                return sha256.ComputeHash(bytes);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Base64url no-padding encodes the given input buffer.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="buffer"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        private static string Base64UrlEncodeNoPadding(byte[] buffer)
        {
            string base64 = Convert.ToBase64String(buffer);

            // Converts base64 to base64url.
            base64 = base64.Replace("+","-");
            base64 = base64.Replace("/","_");
            // Strips padding.
            base64 = base64.Replace("=","");

            return base64;
        }

        // Hack to bring the Console window to front.
        // ref: http://stackoverflow.com/a/12066376

        [DllImport("kernel32.dll",ExactSpelling = true)]
        public static extern IntPtr GetConsoleWindow();

        [DllImport("user32.dll")]
        [return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
        public static extern bool SetForegroundWindow(IntPtr hWnd);

        public void BringConsoleToFront()
        {
            SetForegroundWindow(GetConsoleWindow());
        }

    }
}
,

这听起来像是一个有趣的项目。我以前没有这样做过，但这是我将如何处理它...

Visual Studio 中用于 ASP .NET Core Web 应用程序的默认模板已经是一个控制台应用程序。只需检查项目属性窗口的应用程序选项卡中的输出类型字段，它就会显示值控制台.

所以我会从那个项目模板开始。在项目创建向导中，将身份验证更改为个人用户帐户，您将获得一个 ASP .NET Core Web 应用程序，几乎可以实现您的外部登录逻辑。

然后撕掉与 Web 应用程序相关的所有文件和代码。更改 Startup 类，使其看起来像一个普通控制台项目的 Startup 并繁荣！你应该有一个带有外部登录的准系统控制台应用程序！

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