do_rootfs 中的 bitbake 错误：systemd 依赖于 update-rc.d

如何解决do_rootfs 中的 bitbake 错误：systemd 依赖于 update-rc.d

我在调试 yocto 构建问题时遇到了一些困难。我在从 yoctoWarrior (2.7) 更新到 yocto dunfell (3.1) 时遇到了这个问题，在构建 rootfs 期间构建失败，之前的所有步骤似乎都有效：

    ERROR: my-project-develop-1.0-r0 do_rootfs: Could not invoke dnf. Command '/shared/build/tmp/work/raspberrypi_cm3-poky-linux-gnueabi/my-project-develop/1.0-r0/recipe-sysroot-native/usr/bin/dnf -v --rpmverbosity=info -y -c /shared/build/tmp/work/raspberrypi_cm3-poky-linux-gnueabi/my-project-develop/1.0-r0/rootfs/etc/dnf/dnf.conf --setopt=reposdir=/shared/build/tmp/work/raspberrypi_cm3-poky-linux-gnueabi/my-project-develop/1.0-r0/rootfs/etc/yum.repos.d --installroot=/shared/build/tmp/work/raspberrypi_cm3-poky-linux-gnueabi/my-project-develop/1.0-r0/rootfs --setopt=logdir=/shared/build/tmp/work/raspberrypi_cm3-poky-linux-gnueabi/my-project-develop/1.0-r0/temp --repofrompath=oe-repo,/shared/build/tmp/work/raspberrypi_cm3-poky-linux-gnueabi/my-project-develop/1.0-r0/oe-rootfs-repo --nogpgcheck install base-version-develop bash cairo cantarell-fonts cellular-geolocation commit-hashes-develop crda curl disable-airplane-mode disable-power-saving-for-some-devices disconnect-wifi-without-connectivity dnsmasq dosfstools e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-resize2fs firmware-develop fit-conf gbs-overlay geofencing-db hostapd htop i2c-tools iw jq lateswap libgpiod libgpiod-tools linux-firmware-rtl8192cu matlab-develop modemmanager mosquitto mosquitto-clients nano network-configuration networkmanager openmoji-fonts os-release ostree ostree-devicetrees ostree-initramfs ostree-kernel packagegroup-base packagegroup-base-extended packagegroup-core-boot packagegroup-core-ssh-openssh parted psplash-raspberrypi pstree raspi-gpio rtwpriv run-postinsts set-modes-and-bands source-han-sans-jp-fonts special-shadow sqlite3tzdata u-boot-fw-utils userland weston weston-init wifi-configurator-frontend-develop wifilm811 wifilm843 wpa-supplicant locale-base-en-us' returned 1:
DNF version: 4.2.2
cachedir: /shared/build/tmp/work/raspberrypi_cm3-poky-linux-gnueabi/my-project-develop/1.0-r0/rootfs/var/cache/dnf
Added oe-repo repo from /shared/build/tmp/work/raspberrypi_cm3-poky-linux-gnueabi/my-project-develop/1.0-r0/oe-rootfs-repo
repo: using cache for: oe-repo
not found other for:
not found modules for:
not found deltainfo for:
not found updateinfo for:
oe-repo: using metadata from Tue 16 Feb 2021 08:59:38 AM UTC.
No module defaults found
--> Starting dependency resolution
--> Finished dependency resolution
Error:
 Problem 1: package packagegroup-core-boot-1.0-r17.raspberrypi_cm3 requires systemd,but none of the providers can be installed
  - conflicting requests
  - nothing provides update-rc.d needed by systemd-1:244.5-r0.cortexa7t2hf_neon_vfpv4
 Problem 2: package packagegroup-distro-base-1.0-r83.raspberrypi_cm3 requires packagegroup-core-boot,but none of the providers can be installed
  - package packagegroup-base-1.0-r83.raspberrypi_cm3 requires packagegroup-distro-base,but none of the providers can be installed
  - package packagegroup-core-boot-1.0-r17.raspberrypi_cm3 requires systemd,but none of the providers can be installed
  - conflicting requests
  - nothing provides update-rc.d needed by systemd-1:244.5-r0.cortexa7t2hf_neon_vfpv4
 Problem 3: package packagegroup-base-1.0-r83.raspberrypi_cm3 requires packagegroup-distro-base,but none of the providers can be installed
  - package packagegroup-distro-base-1.0-r83.raspberrypi_cm3 requires packagegroup-core-boot,but none of the providers can be installed
  - package packagegroup-base-extended-1.0-r83.raspberrypi_cm3 requires packagegroup-base,but none of the providers can be installed
  - conflicting requests
  - nothing provides update-rc.d needed by systemd-1:244.5-r0.cortexa7t2hf_neon_vfpv4
(try to add '--skip-broken' to skip uninstallable packages or '--nobest' to use not only best candidate packages)

似乎 systemd-1:244.5 依赖于 update-rc.d。这对我来说没有多大意义，因为在使用 systemd 时我不再需要这些脚本了——也许是出于某些兼容性原因？对此我感到困惑，我检查了 the reference，似乎我有专门使用 systemd 的正确设置：

$ bitbake -e exos-develop | grep "^DISTRO_FEATURES"
DISTRO_FEATURES="acl alsa argp bluetooth ext2 ipv4 ipv6 largefile pcmcia usbgadget usbhost wifi xattr nfs zeroconf pci 3g nfc x11 vfat largefile opengl ptest multiarch wayland vulkan systemd weston wayland  sota usrmerge systemd systemd pulseaudio gobject-introspection-data ldconfig"
DISTRO_FEATURES_BACKFILL="pulseaudio sysvinit gobject-introspection-data ldconfig"
DISTRO_FEATURES_BACKFILL_CONSIDERED="sysvinit sysvinit"
DISTRO_FEATURES_DEFAULT="acl alsa argp bluetooth ext2 ipv4 ipv6 largefile pcmcia usbgadget usbhost wifi xattr nfs zeroconf pci 3g nfc x11 vfat"
DISTRO_FEATURES_FILTER_NATIVE="api-documentation"
DISTRO_FEATURES_FILTER_NATIVESDK="api-documentation"
DISTRO_FEATURES_NATIVE="x11 ipv6 xattr sota"
DISTRO_FEATURES_NATIVESDK="x11"

在调试期间，我还看到 poky's systemd recipe 使用了 update-rc.d.bbclass。从我所看到的，它只有在 DISTRO_FEATURES 包含 sysvinit 时才会被激活，而这里显然不是这种情况。也许一些缓存问题？

有什么想法可以进一步调试吗？

解决方法

我自己发现了（有趣的是提问如何帮助你思考......）：

问题出在 systemd 配方本身并与 systemd-compat-units 配方有关。我能够在我的图层的 recipes-core/systemd/systemd_%.bbappend:

中修复它

# Disable all relations to update-rc.d:
PACKAGECONFIG_remove = "sysvinit"
RRECOMMENDS_${PN}_remove = "systemd-compat-units"

不过，我仍然想知道这个问题到底是怎么来的。 如果有人能解释为什么会发生这种情况，那就太好了。