如何检查代理服务器是否正常工作？ 蟒蛇，请求

如何解决如何检查代理服务器是否正常工作？ 蟒蛇，请求

我有一个小问题。我想要一个代理连接。在我的测试脚本中，它不起作用。 我从这个网站 [https://free-proxy-list.net][1] 尝试了大约 50 个代理，但没有一个正常工作。

import requests


if __name__ == '__main__':

    url = 'https://httpbin.org/ip'

    proxy = {
        "https" : "https://47.241.107.35:8080","http" : "http://47.241.107.35:8080"
    }

    r = requests.get(url,proxies=proxy,timeout=2)
    print(r.json(),r.status_code)

这是输出：

/usr/local/bin/python3 "/Volumes/Dominik/Pycharm Projects on MacOS/venv/scripts/test_is_proxy_valid.py"
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/connectionpool.py",line 696,in urlopen
    self._prepare_proxy(conn)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/connectionpool.py",line 964,in _prepare_proxy
    conn.connect()
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/connection.py",line 359,in connect
    conn = self._connect_tls_proxy(hostname,conn)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/connection.py",line 496,in _connect_tls_proxy
    return ssl_wrap_socket(
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/util/ssl_.py",line 432,in ssl_wrap_socket
    ssl_sock = _ssl_wrap_socket_impl(sock,context,tls_in_tls)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/util/ssl_.py",line 474,in _ssl_wrap_socket_impl
    return ssl_context.wrap_socket(sock)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/ssl.py",line 500,in wrap_socket
    return self.sslsocket_class._create(
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/ssl.py",line 1040,in _create
    self.do_handshake()
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/ssl.py",line 1309,in do_handshake
    self._sslobj.do_handshake()
ssl.SSLError: [SSL: WRONG_VERSION_NUMBER] wrong version number (_ssl.c:1123)

During handling of the above exception,another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests/adapters.py",line 439,in send
    resp = conn.urlopen(
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/connectionpool.py",line 755,in urlopen
    retries = retries.increment(
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/urllib3/util/retry.py",line 573,in increment
    raise MaxRetryError(_pool,url,error or ResponseError(cause))
urllib3.exceptions.MaxRetryError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='httpbin.org',port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /ip (Caused by SSLError(SSLError(1,'[SSL: WRONG_VERSION_NUMBER] wrong version number (_ssl.c:1123)')))

During handling of the above exception,another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Volumes/Dominik/Pycharm Projects on MacOS/venv/scripts/test_is_proxy_valid.py",line 13,in <module>
    r = requests.get(url,timeout=2)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests/api.py",line 76,in get
    return request('get',params=params,**kwargs)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests/api.py",line 61,in request
    return session.request(method=method,url=url,**kwargs)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests/sessions.py",line 542,in request
    resp = self.send(prep,**send_kwargs)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests/sessions.py",line 655,in send
    r = adapter.send(request,**kwargs)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/requests/adapters.py",line 514,in send
    raise SSLError(e,request=request)
requests.exceptions.SSLError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='httpbin.org','[SSL: WRONG_VERSION_NUMBER] wrong version number (_ssl.c:1123)')))

Process finished with exit code 1

我还尝试检查代理是否与 pythonping 包一起工作。

import pythonping

pythonping.ping('47.241.107.35',verbose=True)

输出：

dominik@MBP-von-Dominik scripts % sudo python3 test_pythonping.py
Reply from 47.241.107.35,9 bytes in 272.06ms
Reply from 47.241.107.35,9 bytes in 306.51ms
Reply from 47.241.107.35,9 bytes in 305.31ms
Reply from 47.241.107.35,9 bytes in 307.49ms
dominik@MBP-von-Dominik scripts % 

谁能解释一下我做错了什么？

解决方法

我解决了这个问题。我安装了 nmap。使用 nmap，我可以测试代理是否仍在终端上运行。

nmap -p 8080 52.35.63.184

nmap 告诉我它是 http 还是 https 服务器。 我的问题是，当服务器是“http”服务器时，我将“https”键值对放在代理字典中。删除这对脚本后，脚本工作并打印出正确的输出。 更正代理字典：

proxy = {
    "http" : "http://52.35.63.184:8080"
}

输出（我使用了不同的代理，它也不适用于旧的脚本版本）：

InsecureRequestWarning: Unverified HTTPS request is being made to host 'httpbin.org'. Adding certificate verification is strongly advised. See: https://urllib3.readthedocs.io/en/latest/advanced-usage.html#ssl-warnings
  warnings.warn(
{'origin': '188.195.149.36'} 200