如何解决Python：如何调整 XML 文件中的值？
学生在这里敏锐地学习 Python。我有一项任务，我需要在 XML 文件中减去一个值，但找不到方法来做到这一点。我一直在寻找一段时间，并提出了接近的代码，但从来没有我需要的（下面的例子）。 XML 文件在下面以及我试图用
解决问题的一些代码块XML 文件：
<departments>
<department>
<name>Accounts</name>
<balance>295.00</balance>
</department>
<department>
<name>English</name>
<balance>595.00</balance>
</department>
<department>
<name>Mathematics</name>
<balance>26.00</balance>
</department>
import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
tree = ET.parse('departments.xml')
root = tree.getroot()
print(root)
for child in root:
print(child.tag,child.attrib)
total = 150
ss = 1
while ss != 0:
cu = input("Which Department (English,Mathematics,Accounts)" )
if cu in ["English","e","E","Eng","eng"]:
for balance in (root[1]):
balance = int(float((balance.text)))+10
tree.write('output.xml')
ss -= 1
elif cu in ["Math","math","M","m","Mathematics","mathematics"]:
pc = "m"
ss -= 1
elif cu in ["accounts","A","a","Accounts","account","Account"]:
pc = "a"
ss -= 1
else:
print("Error,type English,or Accounts")
输出如下：
<Element 'departments' at 0x0000021DF0E128B0>
department {}
department {}
department {}
Which Department (English,Accounts)e
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "c:\Users\Vadder\Desktop\py\2021\Software\Teams_tasks\SAC\Code\V.1.1\dept_2.py",line 14,in <module>
balance = int(balance.text)+10
ValueError: invalid literal for int() with base 10: 'English'
Press any key to continue . . .
这是我尝试的代码的一部分，其中用户将选择将从英语部门减去总数，但我似乎找不到选择“平衡”的值的正确方法。我已经设法选择了所有内容，但是在“.tag”和“.text”的帮助下。任何帮助都会受到重视 谢谢，维德
注意：此外，任何有关在此处发布时要包含的内容或使我的问题更简洁的任何提示都将不胜感激。谢谢:)
编辑：最终工作的代码如下，
import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
tree = ET.parse(r'C:\Users\Vadder\Desktop\py\2021\Software\Teams_tasks\SAC\Code\V.1.1\departments.xml')
root = tree.getroot()
total = 150.0
ss = 1
while ss != 0:
cu = input("Which Department (English,Accounts)" )
if cu in ["English","eng"]:
element = root[1].find('balance')
if int(float(element.text)) >= total:
element.text = str(int(float((element.text)))-total)
tree.write('output.xml')
else:
print("sorry,your department does not have the sufficent funds")
ss -= 1
elif cu in ["Math","mathematics"]:
element = root[2].find('balance')
if int(float(element.text)) >= total:
element.text = str(int(float((element.text)))-total)
tree.write('output.xml')
else:
print("sorry,your department does not have the sufficent funds")
ss -= 1
elif cu in ["accounts","Account"]:
element = root[0].find('balance')
if int(float(element.text)) >= total:
element.text = str(int(float((element.text)))-total)
tree.write('output.xml')
else:
print("sorry,your department does not have the sufficent funds")
ss -= 1
else:
print("Error,or Accounts")
这是一个非常死板和重复的结构，这意味着我无法更改 XML 文件中的部门顺序，但它有效，而且我没有时间使其更具适应性。
解决方法
无论如何我都不是 Python 专家，但据我所知，我们对 xml 元素的了解太深了。
所以
if cu in ["English","e","E","Eng","eng"]:
for balance in (root[1]):
balance = float((balance.text))+10
tree.write('output.xml')
ss -= 1
变成
if cu in ["English","eng"]:
element = root[0].find('balance')
element.text = str(float((element.text)+10))
tree.write('output.xml')
ss -= 1
假设您知道要更新的部门的绝对索引。此外，假设您想保持相同的精度水平，您不需要先将其设为浮点数，然后再设为整数，您只需使用浮点数即可。
我用来测试它的完整代码，与你的没有太大区别，只是使用 ET.dump 输出 XML 使其在调试中更有用。
import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
tree = ET.parse('departments.xml')
root = tree.getroot()
print(root)
for child in root:
print(child.tag,child.attrib)
total = 150
ss = 1
while ss != 0:
cu = input("Which Department (English,Mathematics,Accounts)" )
if cu in ["English","eng"]:
element = root[0].find('balance')
element.text = str(int(float((element.text)))+10)
tree.write('output.xml')
ss -= 1
ET.dump(tree)
elif cu in ["Math","math","M","m","Mathematics","mathematics"]:
pc = "m"
ss -= 1
elif cu in ["accounts","A","a","Accounts","account","Account"]:
pc = "a"
ss -= 1
else:
print("Error,type English,or Accounts")
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