在 MacOS Mojave 上安装 python 版本 3.8.8 的 pyenv 失败

如何解决在 MacOS Mojave 上安装 python 版本 3.8.8 的 pyenv 失败

我正在尝试按照本文档 https://realpython.com/intro-to-pyenv/ 在 MacOS Mojave（版本 10.14.6 (18G8022)）上安装 Python 3.8.8。它失败并显示如下错误。

$ pyenv install 3.8.8
python-build: use openssl@1.1 from homebrew
python-build: use readline from homebrew
Downloading Python-3.8.8.tar.xz...
-> https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.8.8/Python-3.8.8.tar.xz
Installing Python-3.8.8...
python-build: use readline from homebrew
python-build: use zlib from xcode sdk

BUILD FAILED (OS X 10.14.6 using python-build 20180424)

Inspect or clean up the working tree at /var/folders/0p/j7cjx0fj10l2g9cflymmh6f00000gp/T/python-build.20210411013322.81823
Results logged to /var/folders/0p/j7cjx0fj10l2g9cflymmh6f00000gp/T/python-build.20210411013322.81823.log

Last 10 log lines:
  File "/private/var/folders/0p/j7cjx0fj10l2g9cflymmh6f00000gp/T/python-build.20210411013322.81823/Python-3.8.8/Lib/ensurepip/__init__.py",line 207,in _main
    return _bootstrap(
  File "/private/var/folders/0p/j7cjx0fj10l2g9cflymmh6f00000gp/T/python-build.20210411013322.81823/Python-3.8.8/Lib/ensurepip/__init__.py",line 126,in _bootstrap
    return _run_pip(args + [p[0] for p in _PROJECTS],additional_paths)
  File "/private/var/folders/0p/j7cjx0fj10l2g9cflymmh6f00000gp/T/python-build.20210411013322.81823/Python-3.8.8/Lib/ensurepip/__init__.py",line 35,in _run_pip
    return subprocess.run([sys.executable,"-c",code],check=True).returncode
  File "/private/var/folders/0p/j7cjx0fj10l2g9cflymmh6f00000gp/T/python-build.20210411013322.81823/Python-3.8.8/Lib/subprocess.py",line 516,in run
    raise CalledProcessError(retcode,process.args,subprocess.CalledProcessError: Command '['/private/var/folders/0p/j7cjx0fj10l2g9cflymmh6f00000gp/T/python-build.20210411013322.81823/Python-3.8.8/python.exe','-c','\nimport runpy\nimport sys\nsys.path = [\'/var/folders/0p/j7cjx0fj10l2g9cflymmh6f00000gp/T/tmpx120pkjq/setuptools-49.2.1-py3-none-any.whl\',\'/var/folders/0p/j7cjx0fj10l2g9cflymmh6f00000gp/T/tmpx120pkjq/pip-20.2.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl\'] + sys.path\nsys.argv[1:] = [\'install\',\'--no-cache-dir\',\'--no-index\',\'--find-links\',\'/var/folders/0p/j7cjx0fj10l2g9cflymmh6f00000gp/T/tmpx120pkjq\',\'--root\',\'/\',\'--upgrade\',\'setuptools\',\'pip\']\nrunpy.run_module("pip",run_name="__main__",alter_sys=True)\n']' returned non-zero exit status 1.
make: *** [install] Error 1

请注意，它分别在 2.7 和 3.9 中安装了 Python /usr/bin/python 和 /usr/local/bin/python3。

以下是相同的详细模式安装结束时的日志行：

changing mode of /Users/macuser123/.pyenv/versions/3.8.8/lib/python3.8/lib-dynload/__pycache__ to 755
running install_scripts
copying build/scripts-3.8/pydoc3.8 -> /Users/macuser123/.pyenv/versions/3.8.8/bin
copying build/scripts-3.8/idle3.8 -> /Users/macuser123/.pyenv/versions/3.8.8/bin
copying build/scripts-3.8/2to3-3.8 -> /Users/macuser123/.pyenv/versions/3.8.8/bin
changing mode of /Users/macuser123/.pyenv/versions/3.8.8/bin/pydoc3.8 to 755
changing mode of /Users/macuser123/.pyenv/versions/3.8.8/bin/idle3.8 to 755
changing mode of /Users/macuser123/.pyenv/versions/3.8.8/bin/2to3-3.8 to 755
rm /Users/macuser123/.pyenv/versions/3.8.8/lib/python3.8/lib-dynload/_sysconfigdata__darwin_darwin.py
rm -r /Users/macuser123/.pyenv/versions/3.8.8/lib/python3.8/lib-dynload/__pycache__
Creating directory /Users/macuser123/.pyenv/versions/3.8.8/share/man
Creating directory /Users/macuser123/.pyenv/versions/3.8.8/share/man/man1
/usr/bin/install -c -m 644 ./Misc/python.man \
        /Users/macuser123/.pyenv/versions/3.8.8/share/man/man1/python3.8.1
if test ! -d /Users/macuser123/.pyenv/versions/3.8.8/lib/pkgconfig; then \
        echo "Creating directory /Users/macuser123/.pyenv/versions/3.8.8/lib/pkgconfig"; \
        /usr/bin/install -c -d -m 755 /Users/macuser123/.pyenv/versions/3.8.8/lib/pkgconfig; \
    fi
if test -f /Users/macuser123/.pyenv/versions/3.8.8/bin/python3 -o -h /Users/macuser123/.pyenv/versions/3.8.8/bin/python3; \
    then rm -f /Users/macuser123/.pyenv/versions/3.8.8/bin/python3; \
    else true; \
    fi
(cd /Users/macuser123/.pyenv/versions/3.8.8/bin; ln -s python3.8 python3)
if test "3.8" != "3.8"; then \
        rm -f /Users/macuser123/.pyenv/versions/3.8.8/bin/python3.8-config; \
        (cd /Users/macuser123/.pyenv/versions/3.8.8/bin; ln -s python3.8-config python3.8-config); \
        rm -f /Users/macuser123/.pyenv/versions/3.8.8/lib/pkgconfig/python-3.8.pc; \
        (cd /Users/macuser123/.pyenv/versions/3.8.8/lib/pkgconfig; ln -s python-3.8.pc python-3.8.pc); \
        rm -f /Users/macuser123/.pyenv/versions/3.8.8/lib/pkgconfig/python-3.8-embed.pc; \
        (cd /Users/macuser123/.pyenv/versions/3.8.8/lib/pkgconfig; ln -s python-3.8-embed.pc python-3.8-embed.pc); \
    fi
rm -f /Users/macuser123/.pyenv/versions/3.8.8/bin/python3-config
(cd /Users/macuser123/.pyenv/versions/3.8.8/bin; ln -s python3.8-config python3-config)
rm -f /Users/macuser123/.pyenv/versions/3.8.8/lib/pkgconfig/python3.pc
(cd /Users/macuser123/.pyenv/versions/3.8.8/lib/pkgconfig; ln -s python-3.8.pc python3.pc)
rm -f /Users/macuser123/.pyenv/versions/3.8.8/lib/pkgconfig/python3-embed.pc
(cd /Users/macuser123/.pyenv/versions/3.8.8/lib/pkgconfig; ln -s python-3.8-embed.pc python3-embed.pc)
rm -f /Users/macuser123/.pyenv/versions/3.8.8/bin/idle3
(cd /Users/macuser123/.pyenv/versions/3.8.8/bin; ln -s idle3.8 idle3)
rm -f /Users/macuser123/.pyenv/versions/3.8.8/bin/pydoc3
(cd /Users/macuser123/.pyenv/versions/3.8.8/bin; ln -s pydoc3.8 pydoc3)
rm -f /Users/macuser123/.pyenv/versions/3.8.8/bin/2to3
(cd /Users/macuser123/.pyenv/versions/3.8.8/bin; ln -s 2to3-3.8 2to3)
if test "x" != "x" ; then \
        rm -f /Users/macuser123/.pyenv/versions/3.8.8/bin/python3-32; \
        (cd /Users/macuser123/.pyenv/versions/3.8.8/bin; ln -s python3.8-32 python3-32) \
    fi
rm -f /Users/macuser123/.pyenv/versions/3.8.8/share/man/man1/python3.1
(cd /Users/macuser123/.pyenv/versions/3.8.8/share/man/man1; ln -s python3.8.1 python3.1)
if test "xupgrade" != "xno"  ; then \
        case upgrade in \
            upgrade) ensurepip="--upgrade" ;; \
            install|*) ensurepip="" ;; \
        esac; \
         ./python.exe -E -m ensurepip \
            $ensurepip --root=/ ; \
    fi
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<string>",line 6,in <module>
  File "/private/var/folders/0p/j7cjx0fj10l2g9cflymmh6f00000gp/T/python-build.20210411015909.96793/Python-3.8.8/Lib/runpy.py",in run_module
    return _run_module_code(code,init_globals,run_name,mod_spec)
  File "/private/var/folders/0p/j7cjx0fj10l2g9cflymmh6f00000gp/T/python-build.20210411015909.96793/Python-3.8.8/Lib/runpy.py",line 97,in _run_module_code
    _run_code(code,mod_globals,File "/private/var/folders/0p/j7cjx0fj10l2g9cflymmh6f00000gp/T/python-build.20210411015909.96793/Python-3.8.8/Lib/runpy.py",line 87,in _run_code
    exec(code,run_globals)
  File "/var/folders/0p/j7cjx0fj10l2g9cflymmh6f00000gp/T/tmpys_i55ye/pip-20.2.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/__main__.py",line 23,in <module>
  File "<frozen zipimport>",line 259,in load_module
  File "/var/folders/0p/j7cjx0fj10l2g9cflymmh6f00000gp/T/tmpys_i55ye/pip-20.2.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/_internal/cli/main.py",line 10,in load_module
  File "/var/folders/0p/j7cjx0fj10l2g9cflymmh6f00000gp/T/tmpys_i55ye/pip-20.2.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/_internal/cli/autocompletion.py",line 9,in load_module
  File "/var/folders/0p/j7cjx0fj10l2g9cflymmh6f00000gp/T/tmpys_i55ye/pip-20.2.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/_internal/cli/main_parser.py",line 7,in load_module
  File "/var/folders/0p/j7cjx0fj10l2g9cflymmh6f00000gp/T/tmpys_i55ye/pip-20.2.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/_internal/cli/cmdoptions.py",in load_module
  File "/var/folders/0p/j7cjx0fj10l2g9cflymmh6f00000gp/T/tmpys_i55ye/pip-20.2.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/_internal/cli/progress_bars.py",line 12,in load_module
  File "/var/folders/0p/j7cjx0fj10l2g9cflymmh6f00000gp/T/tmpys_i55ye/pip-20.2.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/_internal/utils/logging.py",line 18,in load_module
  File "/var/folders/0p/j7cjx0fj10l2g9cflymmh6f00000gp/T/tmpys_i55ye/pip-20.2.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/_internal/utils/misc.py",line 21,in load_module
  File "/var/folders/0p/j7cjx0fj10l2g9cflymmh6f00000gp/T/tmpys_i55ye/pip-20.2.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/_vendor/pkg_resources/__init__.py",in <module>
  File "/private/var/folders/0p/j7cjx0fj10l2g9cflymmh6f00000gp/T/python-build.20210411015909.96793/Python-3.8.8/Lib/plistlib.py",line 65,in <module>
    from xml.parsers.expat import ParserCreate
  File "/private/var/folders/0p/j7cjx0fj10l2g9cflymmh6f00000gp/T/python-build.20210411015909.96793/Python-3.8.8/Lib/xml/parsers/expat.py",line 4,in <module>
    from pyexpat import *
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'pyexpat'
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/private/var/folders/0p/j7cjx0fj10l2g9cflymmh6f00000gp/T/python-build.20210411015909.96793/Python-3.8.8/Lib/runpy.py",line 194,in _run_module_as_main
    return _run_code(code,main_globals,None,run_globals)
  File "/private/var/folders/0p/j7cjx0fj10l2g9cflymmh6f00000gp/T/python-build.20210411015909.96793/Python-3.8.8/Lib/ensurepip/__main__.py",line 5,in <module>
    sys.exit(ensurepip._main())
  File "/private/var/folders/0p/j7cjx0fj10l2g9cflymmh6f00000gp/T/python-build.20210411015909.96793/Python-3.8.8/Lib/ensurepip/__init__.py",in _main
    return _bootstrap(
  File "/private/var/folders/0p/j7cjx0fj10l2g9cflymmh6f00000gp/T/python-build.20210411015909.96793/Python-3.8.8/Lib/ensurepip/__init__.py",additional_paths)

  File "/private/var/folders/0p/j7cjx0fj10l2g9cflymmh6f00000gp/T/python-build.20210411015909.96793/Python-3.8.8/Lib/ensurepip/__init__.py",check=True).returncode
  File "/private/var/folders/0p/j7cjx0fj10l2g9cflymmh6f00000gp/T/python-build.20210411015909.96793/Python-3.8.8/Lib/subprocess.py",BUILD FAILEDsubprocess.CalledProcessError: Command '['/private/var/folders/0p/j7cjx0fj10l2g9cflymmh6f00000gp/T/python-build.20210411015909.96793/Python-3.8.8/python.exe','\nimport runpy\nimport sys\nsys.path = [\'/var/folders/0p/j7cjx0fj10l2g9cflymmh6f00000gp/T/tmpys_i55ye/setuptools-49.2.1-py3-none-any.whl\',\'/var/folders/0p/j7cjx0fj10l2g9cflymmh6f00000gp/T/tmpys_i55ye/pip-20.2.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl\'] + sys.path\nsys.argv[1:] = [\'install\',\'/var/folders/0p/j7cjx0fj10l2g9cflymmh6f00000gp/T/tmpys_i55ye\',alter_sys=True)\n']' returned non-zero exit status 1.
make: *** [install] Error 1
 (OS X 10.14.6 using python-build 20180424)

Inspect or clean up the working tree at /var/folders/0p/j7cjx0fj10l2g9cflymmh6f00000gp/T/python-build.20210411015909.96793
Results logged to /var/folders/0p/j7cjx0fj10l2g9cflymmh6f00000gp/T/python-build.20210411015909.96793.log

是什么导致了这个问题，我该如何解决？