如何解决Django AUTH_USER_MODEL 指的是尚未安装的模型
我正在开发一个需要通过电子邮件或电话号码登录的 django 项目。这是我的 models.py 文件：
class NewUser(AbstractBaseUser,PermissionsMixin):
email = models.EmailField(_('email address'),unique=True)
username = models.CharField(max_length=150,blank=True,unique=True)
first_name = models.CharField(max_length=150,blank=True)
phone_regex = RegexValidator(regex =r'^\+?1?\d{9,14}$',message="Phone number must be in the format: '+999999999'. Upto 14 digita allowed.")
phone = models.CharField(validators=[phone_regex],max_length=15,unique=True)
first_login = models.BooleanField(default=False)
start_date = models.DateTimeField(default=timezone.now)
about = models.TextField(_(
'about'),max_length=500,blank=True)
is_staff = models.BooleanField(default=False)
is_active = models.BooleanField(default=True)
is_admin = models.BooleanField(default=False)
#objects = CustomAccountManager()
#objects = EmailOrPhoneModelBackend()
USERNAME_FIELD = 'username'
REQUIRED_FIELDS = []
def __str__(self):
return self.username
def get_email_field_name(self):
if self.email:
return self.email
else:
return self.phone
def has_perm(self,perm,obj=None):
return True
def has_module_perms(self,app_label):
return True
@property
def is_active(self):
return self.is_active
@property
def is_staff(self):
return self.is_staff
@property
def is_admin(self):
return self.is_admin
为了同时使用电子邮件和电话号码进行身份验证，我创建了一个自定义身份验证文件 - backends.py
class EmailOrPhoneModelBackend(ModelBackend):
#This is a ModelBacked that allows authentication with either a username or an email address.
def authenticate(self,username= None,password=None,**kwargs):
if '@' in username:
kwargs = {'email': username}
elif re.search("^0?[5-9]{1}\d{9}$",username): #optional
kwargs = {'phone':username}
try:
user = NewUser.objects.get(**kwargs)
if user.check_password(password):
return user
except NewUser.DoesNotExist:
return None
def get_user(self,user_id): #username replaced with id
try:
return NewUser.objects.get(pk = user_id)
except NewUser.DoesNotExist:
return None
我已经相应地修改了我的设置：
AUTH_USER_MODEL = "adminUser.NewUser"
AUTHENTICATION_BACKENDS = ['adminUser.backends.EmailOrPhoneModelBackend','django.contrib.auth.backends.ModelBackend',]
但是，当我尝试进行迁移时，出现以下错误：
AUTH_USER_MODEL refers to model 'adminUser.NewUser' that has not been installed
我还在 settings.py 的 INSTALLED_APPS 列表中添加了应用程序“adminUser”。我也经历过之前提出的类似问题，但没有一个有帮助。我不确定是什么导致了问题以及如何解决。提前感谢您的时间。
以下是我面临的错误的完整堆栈跟踪：
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\DELL\Anaconda3\envs\myEnv\lib\site-packages\django\apps\config.py",line 178,in get_model
return self.models[model_name.lower()]
KeyError: 'newuser'
During handling of the above exception,another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\DELL\Anaconda3\envs\myEnv\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\auth\__init__.py",line 157,in get_user_model
return django_apps.get_model(settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL,require_ready=False)
File "C:\Users\DELL\Anaconda3\envs\myEnv\lib\site-packages\django\apps\registry.py",line 211,in get_model
return app_config.get_model(model_name,require_ready=require_ready)
File "C:\Users\DELL\Anaconda3\envs\myEnv\lib\site-packages\django\apps\config.py",line 180,in get_model
raise LookupError(
LookupError: App 'adminUser' doesn't have a 'NewUser' model.
During handling of the above exception,another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\DELL\Documents\AysleAdmin\adminPanel\manage.py",line 22,in <module>
main()
File "C:\Users\DELL\Documents\AysleAdmin\adminPanel\manage.py",line 18,in main
execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
File "C:\Users\DELL\Anaconda3\envs\myEnv\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py",line 401,in execute_from_command_line
utility.execute()
File "C:\Users\DELL\Anaconda3\envs\myEnv\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py",line 377,in execute
django.setup()
File "C:\Users\DELL\Anaconda3\envs\myEnv\lib\site-packages\django\__init__.py",line 24,in setup
apps.populate(settings.INSTALLED_APPS)
File "C:\Users\DELL\Anaconda3\envs\myEnv\lib\site-packages\django\apps\registry.py",line 114,in populate
app_config.import_models()
File "C:\Users\DELL\Anaconda3\envs\myEnv\lib\site-packages\django\apps\config.py",in import_models
self.models_module = import_module(models_module_name)
File "C:\Users\DELL\Anaconda3\envs\myEnv\lib\importlib\__init__.py",line 127,in import_module
return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:],package,level)
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>",line 1030,in _gcd_import
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>",line 1007,in _find_and_load
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>",line 986,in _find_and_load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>",line 680,in _load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>",line 790,in exec_module
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>",line 228,in _call_with_frames_removed
File "C:\Users\DELL\Documents\AysleAdmin\adminPanel\adminUser\models.py",line 20,in <module>
from .backends import EmailOrPhoneModelBackend
File "C:\Users\DELL\Documents\AysleAdmin\adminPanel\adminUser\backends.py",line 1,in <module>
from django.contrib.auth.backends import ModelBackend
File "C:\Users\DELL\Anaconda3\envs\myEnv\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\auth\backends.py",line 5,in <module>
UserModel = get_user_model()
File "C:\Users\DELL\Anaconda3\envs\myEnv\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\auth\__init__.py",line 161,in get_user_model
raise ImproperlyConfigured(
django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: AUTH_USER_MODEL refers to model 'adminUser.NewUser' that has not been installed
解决方法
在回溯中，您可以看到以下几行：
File "C:\Users\DELL\Documents\AysleAdmin\adminPanel\adminUser\models.py",line 20,in <module>
from .backends import EmailOrPhoneModelBackend
这意味着您出于某种原因在 models.py 中导入后端（此处不需要后端是没有意义的）。接下来在后端您还使用 NewUser 这意味着它也导入 NewUser，这实质上意味着两个文件都尝试导入另一个导致循环导入问题（在你的模型最终不会被加载）。
解决方案是从 from .backends import EmailOrPhoneModelBackend 中删除 models.py 行。
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