Django/Python“django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured：无法导入‘contact’检查‘...apps.contact.apps.ContactConfig.name’是否正确”

如何解决Django/Python“django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured：无法导入‘contact’检查‘...apps.contact.apps.ContactConfig.name’是否正确”

希望大家能帮我解决这个问题...

我的工作流程：

|.vscode:
|capstone_project_website:
|   -_pycache_:
|   -apps:
|       -_pycache_
|       -accounts:
|       -contact:    # app that is throwing errors
|           -_pycache_:
|          -migrations:
|          -_init_.py
|          -admin.py
|          -apps.py
|          -forms.py
|          -models.py
|          -test.py
|          -urls.py
|          -views.py 
|       -public:
|       -_init_.py
|   -templates: # all my .html 
|   -_init_.py
|   -asgi.py
|   -settings.py
|   -urls.py
|   -views.py
|   -wsgi.py
|requirements:
|scripts:
|static:
|.gitignore
|.python-version
|db-sqlite3
|docker-compose.yml
|Dockerfile
|Makefile #command I am running
|manage.py
|setup.cfg

我在 capstone_project_website/settings.py 中安装的应用程序：

INSTALLED_APPS = [
"django.contrib.admin","django.contrib.auth","django.contrib.contenttypes","django.contrib.sessions","django.contrib.messages","django.contrib.staticfiles","capstone_project_website.apps.accounts","capstone_project_website.apps.contact",]

我的capstone_project_website/apps/contact/apps.py：

from django.apps import AppConfig

class ContactConfig(AppConfig):
    name = "contact"

我正在运行的命令在我的 Makefile 中：

compose-start:
    docker-compose up --remove-orphans $(options)

当我运行 make compose-start 时，我从我的终端收到此消息：

make compose-start
docker-compose up --remove-orphans
Docker Compose is now in the Docker CLI,try `docker compose up`

Starting django-website_postgres_1 ... done
Starting django-website_db_migrate_1 ... done
Starting django-website_website_1    ... done

Attaching to django-website_postgres_1,django-website_db_migrate_1,django-website_website_1
db_migrate_1  | Traceback (most recent call last):
db_migrate_1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/apps/config.py",line 244,in create
db_migrate_1  |     app_module = import_module(app_name)
db_migrate_1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/importlib/__init__.py",line 127,in import_module
db_migrate_1  |     return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:],package,level)
db_migrate_1  |   File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>",line 1006,in _gcd_import
db_migrate_1  |   File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>",line 983,in _find_and_load
db_migrate_1  |   File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>",line 965,in _find_and_load_unlocked
db_migrate_1  | ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'contact'
db_migrate_1  |
db_migrate_1  | During handling of the above exception,another exception occurred:
db_migrate_1  |
db_migrate_1  | Traceback (most recent call last):
db_migrate_1  |   File "manage.py",line 22,in <module>
db_migrate_1  |     main()
db_migrate_1  |   File "manage.py",line 18,in main
db_migrate_1  |     execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
db_migrate_1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py",line 419,in execute_from_command_line
db_migrate_1  |     utility.execute()
db_migrate_1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py",line 395,in execute
db_migrate_1  |     django.setup()
db_migrate_1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/__init__.py",line 24,in setup
db_migrate_1  |     apps.populate(settings.INSTALLED_APPS)
db_migrate_1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/apps/registry.py",line 91,in populate
db_migrate_1  |     app_config = AppConfig.create(entry)
db_migrate_1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/apps/config.py",line 250,in create
db_migrate_1  |     app_config_class.__qualname__,db_migrate_1  | django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: Cannot import 'contact'. Check that 'capstone_project_website.apps.contact.apps.ContactConfig.name' is correct.
postgres_1    |
postgres_1    | PostgreSQL Database directory appears to contain a database; Skipping initialization
postgres_1    |
postgres_1    | 2021-05-02 14:17:44.105 UTC [1] LOG:  starting PostgreSQL 13.2 (Debian 13.2-1.pgdg100+1) on x86_64-pc-linux-gnu,compiled by gcc (Debian 8.3.0-6) 8.3.0,64-bit
postgres_1    | 2021-05-02 14:17:44.106 UTC [1] LOG:  listening on IPv4 address "0.0.0.0",port 5432
postgres_1    | 2021-05-02 14:17:44.106 UTC [1] LOG:  listening on IPv6 address "::",port 5432
postgres_1    | 2021-05-02 14:17:44.113 UTC [1] LOG:  listening on Unix socket "/var/run/postgresql/.s.PGSQL.5432"
postgres_1    | 2021-05-02 14:17:44.121 UTC [28] LOG:  database system was shut down at 2021-05-02 14:17:17 UTC
django-website_db_migrate_1 exited with code 1
postgres_1    | 2021-05-02 14:17:44.129 UTC [1] LOG:  database system is ready to accept connections
website_1     | Watching for file changes with StatReloader
^CGracefully stopping... (press Ctrl+C again to force)
Stopping django-website_website_1    ... done
Stopping django-website_postgres_1   ... done

我知道我投入了很多工作流程，但我想知道我是否设置错误。我之前在我的帐户应用程序上尝试 makemigrations 时遇到过这个问题。那个答案似乎奏效了。 答案是将 name 中的 capstone_project_website/apps/accounts/apps.py 更改为

class AccountsConfig(AppConfig):
    name = "capstone_project_website.apps.accounts"

在已安装的应用程序中，您可以看到路径是：

"capstone_project_website.apps.accounts",

我已尝试更改...的名称capstone_project_website/apps/contact/apps.py

class ContactConfig(AppConfig):
    name = "contact"

...到name='capstone_project_website.apps.contact' ...和我安装的应用名称：

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    ...
    "capstone_project_website.apps.ContactConfig",]

重点是我不确定发生了什么，是目录问题、名称问题还是在make compose-start之前遗漏了某些步骤。如果您能帮我解决这个问题，并解释我做错了什么，我将不胜感激！ 谢谢

解决方法

检查您的 Django 版本。如果您将 django 版本更新到 3.2，请尝试切换到最早的版本。

django==3.1.8

,

尝试改变这个：

类 ContactConfig(AppConfig)： 姓名 = "联系人"

为此：

类 ContactConfig(AppConfig)： name = "apps.contact"