类型对象“multichoice”没有属性“_default_manager”

分类：编程问答

如何解决类型对象“multichoice”没有属性“_default_manager”

我正在使用带有 mongoengine 的 Django。管理面板无法在 multichoice 模型中添加数据我收到此错误。 type object 'multichoice' has no attribute '_default_manager'
Python 版本：3.9.2
Django 版本：3,5,'final',0

模型

from mongoengine import Document,fields
# Create your models here.
class multichoice(Document):
    m_class_choices = [('5_c','5th Class'),('6_c','6th Class'),('7_c','7th Class'),('8_c','8th Class')]
    m_subject_choice = [('accounting','Accounting'),('bus-math','Business-Math'),('stats','Statistics'),]
    m_language_choice = [('en','English'),('fr','French',)]
    m_type_choice = [('paper','Past Paper'),('book','Book'),]
    
    m_title = fields.StringField(primary_key=True,max_length=255,default='A')
    m_slug = fields.StringField(default='a')
    m_question = fields.StringField(default='A')
    m_question_number = fields.StringField(max_length=255,default='1')
    m_alternatives = fields.ListField(default='A')
    m_class = fields.StringField(choices=m_class_choices,max_length=10,default='5_c')
    m_subject = fields.StringField(choices=m_subject_choice,max_length=50,default='accounting')
    m_lan = fields.StringField(choices=m_language_choice,max_length=2,default='en')
    m_type = fields.StringField(choices=m_type_choice,max_length=5,default='book')
    m_unit = fields.IntField(min_value=1,max_value=99,default='1')
    m_paper_year = fields.IntField(min_value=1990,max_value=2050,default='2021')

    def __str__(self):
        return self.m_title

管理员

from django_mongoengine import mongo_admin as admin
from mcqs.models import *

# Register your models here.
class multichoice_admin(admin.DocumentAdmin):
    model = multichoice
    fields = ('m_title','m_slug','m_question','m_question_number','m_alternatives','m_class','m_subject','m_lan','m_type','m_unit','m_paper_year',)


admin.site.register(multichoice,multichoice_admin)

网址

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from django_mongoengine import mongo_admin

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/',admin.site.urls),path('content_admin/',mongo_admin.site.urls),]

设置

"""
Django settings for djangoquizapp project.

Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 3.0.5.

For more information on this file,see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.0/topics/settings/

For the full list of settings and their values,see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.0/ref/settings/
"""

import os

# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR,...)
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))


# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.0/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = 'cj7vupw+e#lzp-^t3_j7lh6ieuh9%3k2iupp(+fdn_d5xq8=qn'

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True

ALLOWED_HOSTS = []


# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin','django.contrib.auth','django.contrib.contenttypes','django.contrib.sessions','django.contrib.messages','django.contrib.staticfiles','django_mongoengine','django_mongoengine.mongo_auth','django_mongoengine.mongo_admin','mcqs',]

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware','django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware','django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware','django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware','django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware','django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware','django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',]

ROOT_URLCONF = 'djangoquizapp.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates','DIRS': [],'APP_DIRS': True,'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug','django.template.context_processors.request','django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth','django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',],},]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'djangoquizapp.wsgi.application'


# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.0/ref/settings/#databases

# MongoDB Databases
MONGODB_DATABASES = {
    'default': {'name': 'djangoquizapp'}
}

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'djongo','NAME': 'djangoquizapp',}
}


# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.0/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',{
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',{
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',{
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',]


# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.0/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'

TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = True


# Static files (CSS,JavaScript,Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.0/howto/static-files/

STATIC_URL = '/static/'

编辑 1

Environment:


Request Method: GET
Request URL: http://127.0.0.1:8000/content_admin/mcqs/multichoice/add/

Django Version: 3.0.5
Python Version: 3.9.2
Installed Applications:
['django.contrib.admin','mcqs']
Installed Middleware:
['django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware','django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware']



Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\Ali Abdullah\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python39\site-packages\django\core\handlers\exception.py",line 34,in inner
    response = get_response(request)
  File "C:\Users\Ali Abdullah\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python39\site-packages\django\core\handlers\base.py",line 115,in _get_response
    response = self.process_exception_by_middleware(e,request)
  File "C:\Users\Ali Abdullah\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python39\site-packages\django\core\handlers\base.py",line 113,in _get_response
    response = wrapped_callback(request,*callback_args,**callback_kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\Ali Abdullah\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python39\site-packages\django\contrib\admin\options.py",line 607,in wrapper
    return self.admin_site.admin_view(view)(*args,**kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\Ali Abdullah\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python39\site-packages\django\utils\decorators.py",line 130,in _wrapped_view
    response = view_func(request,*args,**kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\Ali Abdullah\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python39\site-packages\django\views\decorators\cache.py",line 44,in _wrapped_view_func
    response = view_func(request,**kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\Ali Abdullah\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python39\site-packages\django\contrib\admin\sites.py",line 231,in inner
    return view(request,**kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\Ali Abdullah\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python39\site-packages\django\contrib\admin\options.py",line 1638,in add_view
    return self.changeform_view(request,None,form_url,extra_context)
  File "C:\Users\Ali Abdullah\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python39\site-packages\django\utils\decorators.py",line 43,in _wrapper
    return bound_method(*args,**kwargs)
  File "C:\Program Files\Python39\lib\site-packages\django_mongoengine\mongo_admin\options.py",line 306,in changeform_view
    ModelForm = self.get_form(request,obj)
  File "C:\Users\Ali Abdullah\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python39\site-packages\django\contrib\admin\options.py",line 702,in get_form
    return modelform_factory(self.model,**defaults)
  File "C:\Users\Ali Abdullah\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python39\site-packages\django\forms\models.py",line 554,in modelform_factory
    return type(form)(class_name,(form,),form_class_attrs)
  File "C:\Program Files\Python39\lib\site-packages\django_mongoengine\forms\documents.py",line 136,in __new__
    fields = model_forms.fields_for_model(
  File "C:\Users\Ali Abdullah\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python39\site-packages\django\forms\models.py",line 178,in fields_for_model
    formfield = formfield_callback(f,line 111,in formfield_for_dbfield
    return db_field.formfield(**kwargs)
  File "C:\Program Files\Python39\lib\site-packages\django_mongoengine\fields\djangoflavor.py",line 247,in formfield
    if self.field.choices:

Exception Type: AttributeError at /content_admin/mcqs/multichoice/add/
Exception Value: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'choices'

编辑 2

Environment:


Request Method: GET
Request URL: http://127.0.0.1:8000/content_admin/mcqs/multichoice/add/

Django Version: 3.0.5
Python Version: 3.9.2
Installed Applications:
['django.contrib.admin',line 74,in formfield_for_dbfield
    return self.formfield_for_choice_field(db_field,request,line 129,in formfield_for_choice_field
    return db_field.formfield(**kwargs)
  File "C:\Program Files\Python39\lib\site-packages\django_mongoengine\fields\djangoflavor.py",line 134,in formfield
    return super(StringField,self).formfield(form_class,choices_form_class,**defaults)
  File "C:\Program Files\Python39\lib\site-packages\django_mongoengine\fields\djangoflavor.py",line 65,in formfield
    defaults['choices'] = self.get_choices(include_blank=include_blank)
  File "C:\Users\Ali Abdullah\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python39\site-packages\django\db\models\fields\__init__.py",line 850,in get_choices
    blank_defined = any(choice in ('',None) for choice,_ in self.flatchoices)

Exception Type: AttributeError at /content_admin/mcqs/multichoice/add/
Exception Value: 'StringField' object has no attribute 'flatchoices'

解决方法

您必须从 Document 导入 django_mongoengine 而不是 mongoengine：

from django_mongoengine import Document,EmbeddedDocument,fields

见README.rst > Documents

也如 source of django-mongoengine 中所述admin 部分支持：

工作/Django 2.0-3.0

  • [确定] 会话
  • [ok] 模型/字段，需要测试的字段
  • [确定] 视图
  • [ok] 认证
  • [?] 管理员 - 部分工作，有些东西坏了

也来自README.rst：

警告：也许有更好的 mongo 支持选择，看看 **https://nesdis.github.io/djongo/**; 它只是 python3，我有 还没有尝试过，但看起来很有希望。

更新下一个错误。

您必须在 ListField 中添加选项，例如：

from django_mongoengine import Document,fields

class multichoice(Document):
    ALTERNATIVES = (('al1','Alternative 1'),('al2','Alternative 2'))
    ...other fields...
    m_alternatives = fields.ListField(fields.StringField(choices=ALTERNATIVES),help_text=_("""My alternatives"""))

见Embedded Fields

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