使用 Ninject 注入依赖而不使用构造函数注入 - 单元测试

如何解决使用 Ninject 注入依赖而不使用构造函数注入 - 单元测试

我正在为现有的 .NET Framework 4.5 API 项目创建单元测试。现有项目通过设计具有无参数构造函数，并且使用 Ninject 按照下面的类实现了依赖注入。

我想模拟接口并创建类的实例以进行测试，如下所示，但构造函数是无参数的。我不知道如何注入我的 Mock member.Object。主要目标是我不想改变现有类的设计，除非别无他法。

public class MemberController : ApiController
{
    StandardKernel DependencyKernel;
    private IMember member;
    
    public MemberController()
    {
        DependencyKernel = new StandardKernel();
        DependencyKernel.Load(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly());
        member = DependencyKernel.Get<IMember>();
    }

    [HttpPost]
    public HttpResponseMessage AddMember(MemberRequest model)
    {
        try
        {
            int memberRecords;
            
            member.SaveMember(model,out memberRecords);

            if (memberRecords > 0)
                return new HttpResponseMessage { StatusCode = HttpStatusCode.Conflict,Content = new StringContent("Member with same reference exists") };
            else
                return new HttpResponseMessage { StatusCode = HttpStatusCode.OK,Content = new StringContent("Member added successfully") };
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            return new HttpResponseMessage { StatusCode = HttpStatusCode.InternalServerError,Content = new StringContent(ex.Message) };
        }
    }
}

//测试类

public class MemberControllerTests
{
    StandardKernel DependencyKernel;
    private MemberController memberController;
    Mock<IMember> member = new Mock<IMember>();

    public MemberControllerTests()
    {
        DependencyKernel = new StandardKernel();
        DependencyKernel.Load(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly());
    }

    [SetUp]
    public void Setup()
    {
        
    }

    [Test]
    public void should_AddMember()
    {
        //Arrange
        MemberRequest member = new MemberRequest{ };
        int memberRecords;

        member.Setup(x => x.SaveMember(member,out memberRecords));

        memberController = new MemberController(member.Object); //This will obviously not work,the MemberController has parameterless constructor
        //Act
        var result = MemberController.AddMember(member);
        //Assert
        Assert.AreEqual(result.StatusCode,HttpStatusCode.OK);
    }
}

解决方法

This post 有问题的答案。如果 IMember 成员属性在 MemberController 中公开，我可以新建 MemberController 类并将其成员属性的值设置为 MOCK。