如何解决提取压缩文件
| 以下代码允许我提取.tgz文件。但是，它会在大约下降两级后停止提取。还有其他子文件夹具有.tgz文件，需要解压缩。此外，提取文件时，必须手动将其移至其他路径，否则它将被提取到该位置的其他.tgz文件覆盖（我使用的所有.tgz文件都具有相同的文件结构/文件夹名称一旦提取）。任何帮助表示赞赏。谢谢！import os,sys,tarfile
def extract(tar_url,extract_path=\'.\'):
print tar_url
tar = tarfile.open(tar_url,\'r\')
for item in tar:
tar.extract(item,extract_path)
if item.name.find(\".tgz\") != -1 or item.name.find(\".tar\") != -1:
extract(item.name,\"./\" + item.name[:item.name.rfind(\'/\')])
try:
extract(sys.argv[1] + \'.tgz\')
print \'Done.\'
except:
name = os.path.basename(sys.argv[0])
print name[:name.rfind(\'.\')],\'<filename>\'
解决方法
如果我没有误解您的问题，那么这就是您想要做的-
提取可能包含以下内容的.tgz文件：
其中更多需要进一步的.tgz文件
提取（依此类推）
解压缩时，请注意不要替换文件夹中已经存在的目录。
如果我正确解释了您的问题，那么...
这是我的代码的作用-
将每个.tgz文件（递归）提取到与该目录中.tgz文件（没有扩展名）同名的单独文件夹中。
提取时，请确保它不会覆盖/替换任何现有的文件/文件夹。
因此，如果这是.tgz文件的目录结构-
parent/
xyz.tgz/
a
b
c
d.tgz/
x
y
z
a.tgz/ # note if I extract this directly,it will replace/overwrite contents of the folder \'a\'
m
n
o
p
parent/
xyz.tgz
xyz/
a
b
c
d/
x
y
z
a 1/ # it extracts \'a.tgz\' to the folder \'a 1\' as folder \'a\' already exists in the same folder.
m
n
o
p
FileExtension --> returns the extension of a file
AppropriateFolderName --> helps in preventing overwriting/replacing of already existing folders (how? you will see it in the program)
Extract --> extracts a .tgz file (safely)
WalkTreeAndExtract - walks down a directory (passed as parameter) and extracts all .tgz files(recursively) on the way down.
tarfile
extractall
extract
extractall
.tar
.tar
.tar
.tar
.tgz
# extracting_nested_tars.py
import os
import re
import tarfile
file_extensions = (\'tar\',\'tgz\')
# Edit this according to the archive types you want to extract. Keep in
# mind that these should be extractable by the tarfile module.
def FileExtension(file_name):
\"\"\"Return the file extension of file
\'file\' should be a string. It can be either the full path of
the file or just its name (or any string as long it contains
the file extension.)
Examples:
input (file) --> \'abc.tar\'
return value --> \'tar\'
\"\"\"
match = re.compile(r\"^.*[.](?P<ext>\\w+)$\",re.VERBOSE|re.IGNORECASE).match(file_name)
if match: # if match != None:
ext = match.group(\'ext\')
return ext
else:
return \'\' # there is no file extension to file_name
def AppropriateFolderName(folder_name,parent_fullpath):
\"\"\"Return a folder name such that it can be safely created in
parent_fullpath without replacing any existing folder in it.
Check if a folder named folder_name exists in parent_fullpath. If no,return folder_name (without changing,because it can be safely created
without replacing any already existing folder). If yes,append an
appropriate number to the folder_name such that this new folder_name
can be safely created in the folder parent_fullpath.
Examples:
folder_name = \'untitled folder\'
return value = \'untitled folder\' (if no such folder already exists
in parent_fullpath.)
folder_name = \'untitled folder\'
return value = \'untitled folder 1\' (if a folder named \'untitled folder\'
already exists but no folder named
\'untitled folder 1\' exists in
parent_fullpath.)
folder_name = \'untitled folder\'
return value = \'untitled folder 2\' (if folders named \'untitled folder\'
and \'untitled folder 1\' both
already exist but no folder named
\'untitled folder 2\' exists in
parent_fullpath.)
\"\"\"
if os.path.exists(os.path.join(parent_fullpath,folder_name)):
match = re.compile(r\'^(?P<name>.*)[ ](?P<num>\\d+)$\').match(folder_name)
if match: # if match != None:
name = match.group(\'name\')
number = match.group(\'num\')
new_folder_name = \'%s %d\' %(name,int(number)+1)
return AppropriateFolderName(new_folder_name,parent_fullpath)
# Recursively call itself so that it can be check whether a
# folder named new_folder_name already exists in parent_fullpath
# or not.
else:
new_folder_name = \'%s 1\' %folder_name
return AppropriateFolderName(new_folder_name,parent_fullpath)
# Recursively call itself so that it can be check whether a
# folder named new_folder_name already exists in parent_fullpath
# or not.
else:
return folder_name
def Extract(tarfile_fullpath,delete_tar_file=True):
\"\"\"Extract the tarfile_fullpath to an appropriate* folder of the same
name as the tar file (without an extension) and return the path
of this folder.
If delete_tar_file is True,it will delete the tar file after
its extraction; if False,it won`t. Default value is True as you
would normally want to delete the (nested) tar files after
extraction. Pass a False,if you don`t want to delete the
tar file (after its extraction) you are passing.
\"\"\"
tarfile_name = os.path.basename(tarfile_fullpath)
parent_dir = os.path.dirname(tarfile_fullpath)
extract_folder_name = AppropriateFolderName(tarfile_name[:\\
-1*len(FileExtension(tarfile_name))-1],parent_dir)
# (the slicing is to remove the extension (.tar) from the file name.)
# Get a folder name (from the function AppropriateFolderName)
# in which the contents of the tar file can be extracted,# so that it doesn\'t replace an already existing folder.
extract_folder_fullpath = os.path.join(parent_dir,extract_folder_name)
# The full path to this new folder.
try:
tar = tarfile.open(tarfile_fullpath)
tar.extractall(extract_folder_fullpath)
tar.close()
if delete_tar_file:
os.remove(tarfile_fullpath)
return extract_folder_name
except Exception as e:
# Exceptions can occur while opening a damaged tar file.
print \'Error occured while extracting %s\\n\'\\
\'Reason: %s\' %(tarfile_fullpath,e)
return
def WalkTreeAndExtract(parent_dir):
\"\"\"Recursively descend the directory tree rooted at parent_dir
and extract each tar file on the way down (recursively).
\"\"\"
try:
dir_contents = os.listdir(parent_dir)
except OSError as e:
# Exception can occur if trying to open some folder whose
# permissions this program does not have.
print \'Error occured. Could not open folder %s\\n\'\\
\'Reason: %s\' %(parent_dir,e)
return
for content in dir_contents:
content_fullpath = os.path.join(parent_dir,content)
if os.path.isdir(content_fullpath):
# If content is a folder,walk it down completely.
WalkTreeAndExtract(content_fullpath)
elif os.path.isfile(content_fullpath):
# If content is a file,check if it is a tar file.
# If so,extract its contents to a new folder.
if FileExtension(content_fullpath) in file_extensions:
extract_folder_name = Extract(content_fullpath)
if extract_folder_name: # if extract_folder_name != None:
dir_contents.append(extract_folder_name)
# Append the newly extracted folder to dir_contents
# so that it can be later searched for more tar files
# to extract.
else:
# Unknown file type.
print \'Skipping %s. <Neither file nor folder>\' % content_fullpath
if __name__ == \'__main__\':
tarfile_fullpath = \'fullpath_path_of_your_tarfile\' # pass the path of your tar file here.
extract_folder_name = Extract(tarfile_fullpath,False)
# tarfile_fullpath is extracted to extract_folder_name. Now descend
# down its directory structure and extract all other tar files
# (recursively).
extract_folder_fullpath = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(tarfile_fullpath),extract_folder_name)
WalkTreeAndExtract(extract_folder_fullpath)
# If you want to extract all tar files in a dir,just execute the above
# line and nothing else.
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