如何解决如何优化像这样需要 17 秒的查询
欢迎提供提示。我试图在 id_contrato 上创建一个表达式索引，但它只给了我 1 秒的速度。查询需要 17 秒。我只需要一些中到小的改进。我使用的是 Firebird 2.0。
select sum(VL_EMPENHO) as VL_EMPENHO from (select distinct
E.ID_EMPENHO || '/' || E.ID_EXERCICIO as NUM_EMPENHO,E.DATA,E.VALOR + coalesce((select SUM(E__.VALOR) from CONTABIL_EMPENHO E__ where E__.ID_EMPENHO = E.ID_EMPENHO and E__.NUMERO = E.NUMERO
and E__.ID_ORGAO = E.ID_ORGAO and E__.ID_EXERCICIO = E.ID_EXERCICIO
and (E.TIPO_DESPESA = 'EMO' and E__.TIPO_DESPESA = 'EOA')),0) +
coalesce(( select sum(V.VALOR)
from CONTABIL_VARIACAO V
LEFT JOIN CONTABIL_EVENTO ev on ev.ID_FICHA = v.ID_FICHA and ev.ID_EXERCICIO = v.ID_EXERCICIO
LEFT JOIN CONTABIL_EVENTO_ITEM EI on EI.ID_EVENTO = ev.ID_EVENTO and EI.TIPO_EVENTO = ev.TIPO_EVENTO
LEFT JOIN CONTABIL_PLANO_CONTA PD ON PD.ID_REGPLANO = EI.ID_DEBITO
LEFT JOIN CONTABIL_PLANO_CONTA PC ON PC.ID_REGPLANO = EI.ID_CREDITO
where ((PD.id_plano in ( '632910100','631990000') or PC.id_plano in ( '632910100','631990000') ) or (PD.id_plano in ( '195920000','195910000') or PC.id_plano in ( '195920000','195910000') ))
AND V.ID_EMPENHO = E.ID_EMPENHO
and V.ANO = E.ID_EXERCICIO and V.ID_ORGAO = E.ID_ORGAO
),0) as VL_EMPENHO,(select first 1 P.DATA from CONTABIL_PAGAMENTO P
inner join CONTABIL_EMPENHO E__ on E__.ID_REGEMPENHO = P.ID_REGEMPENHO
where
(E.TIPO_DESPESA = 'EMO' and E__.TIPO_DESPESA in ('EMO','SEO','EMR','SER'))
and E__.ID_EXERCICIO = E.ID_EXERCICIO and E__.ID_ORGAO = E.ID_ORGAO and
E__.ID_EMPENHO = E.ID_EMPENHO and P.ANULACAO = 'N' order by P.ID_PAGTO desc) as DT_PAGTO,(select sum(P.VALOR) from CONTABIL_PAGAMENTO P
inner join CONTABIL_EMPENHO E__ on E__.ID_REGEMPENHO = P.ID_REGEMPENHO
where
(E.TIPO_DESPESA = 'EMO' and E__.TIPO_DESPESA in ('EMO','SER'))
and E__.ID_EXERCICIO = E.ID_EXERCICIO and E__.ID_ORGAO = E.ID_ORGAO and
E__.ID_EMPENHO = E.ID_EMPENHO) as VL_PAGO
from CONTABIL_CONTRATO C
left join CONTABIL_EMPENHO E on substring(E.ID_CONTRATO from 1 for 8) = substring(C.ID_CONTRATO from 1 for 8) and
E.ID_ORGAO = C.ID_ORGAO and E.TIPO_DESPESA in ('EMO')
where C.ID_ORGAO = '020000' and C.ID_CONTRATO like '00072017%' and E.ID_COMPRA <> 0 order by 1,2)
解决方法
许多可能有助于您查询的项目。对于索引，我将首先使用以下内容来帮助优化
table index
CONTABIL_EMPENHO ( ID_ORGAO,TIPO_DESPESA,ID_CONTRATO,ID_EMPENHO,ID_EXERCICIO )
CONTABIL_VARIACAO ( ID_ORGAO,ANO )
CONTABIL_PAGAMENTO ( ID_REGEMPENHO )
您最后的 WHERE 子句包含“E”别名，它将您的 LEFT JOIN 转换为 INNER JOIN，因此我只是将“AND”子句移至“E”连接部分。由于您的外部查询正在对内部表结果执行 SUM()，因此您不需要 'order by 1,2' 子句，因此我将其删除。
你加入了
CONTABIL_CONTRATO C join CONTABIL_EMPENHO E
on substring( E.ID_CONTRATO from 1 for 8)
= substring( C.ID_CONTRATO from 1 for 8)
很可能会给您重复/错误的答案，因为您正在比较承包商 ID 的左侧 8 个字符。因此，让我们看一下以下示例数据。请注意，每个 ID 都以“12345678”开头，代表从 1 到 8 的子串。如您所见，这会留下 ID 的其余部分，这些 ID 将导致错误的连接结果。
CONTABIL_CONTRATO C
ID_CONTRATO
12345678A
12345678B
12345678C
12345678D
CONTABIL_EMPENHO E
ID_CONTRATO
12345678E
12345678F
12345678G
12345678H
在没有看到实际数据的情况下，这将创建 16 倍的结果
C.ID =12345678(A) joins to E.12345678(E),E.12345678(F),E.12345678(G) and E.12345678(H)
C.ID =12345678(B) joins to E.12345678(E),E.12345678(G) and E.12345678(H)
C.ID =12345678(C) joins to E.12345678(E),E.12345678(G) and E.12345678(H)
C.ID =12345678(D) joins to E.12345678(E),E.12345678(G) and E.12345678(H)
但是你也会有同样的
(B) joined to (E) (F) (G) (H)
(C) joined to (E) (F) (G) (H)
(D) joined to (E) (F) (G) (H)
然后反过来
(E) joined to (A) (B) (C) (D)
(F) joined to (A) (B) (C) (D)
(G) joined to (A) (B) (C) (D)
(H) joined to (A) (B) (C) (D)
因此，对于每个实例，您一遍又一遍地重新查询相同的列子选择以获得相同的重复数据，我认为这完全不符合您的要求。但没有看到实际数据，无法确认。
您可能想要的是 C.contractor ID = E.contractor ID。您的 FINAL where 条款明确将范围限制为承包商，如“00072017%”，会将您的结果限制在那些有问题的承包商。因此，我将 JOIN 更改为使用相同的匹配承包商 ID。
但这会被完全消除，因为除了连接到 CONTABIL_EMPENHO 之外，您从未真正使用过 CONTABIL_CONTRATO 表。由于两个公共列都在两个表中，我只是更改了 where 子句以将“E”列引用到 ID_ORGAO 和 ID_CONTRATO 值。
对于您的每个coalesce()，由于主where 子句已经具有E.TIPO_DESPESA = 'EMO'，因此在内部列选择查询中不需要它。
select
sum( PQ.VL_EMPENHO) VL_EMPENHO
from
(
select distinct
E.ID_EMPENHO || '/' || E.ID_EXERCICIO NUM_EMPENHO,E.DATA,E.VALOR
+ coalesce( ( select SUM(E__.VALOR)
from CONTABIL_EMPENHO E__
where
E.ID_ORGAO = E__.ID_ORGAO
and E__.TIPO_DESPESA = 'EOA'
AND E.ID_EMPENHO = E__.ID_EMPENHO
and E.NUMERO = E__.NUMERO
and E.ID_EXERCICIO = E__.ID_EXERCICIO ),0)
+ coalesce( ( select sum(V.VALOR)
from CONTABIL_VARIACAO V
LEFT JOIN CONTABIL_EVENTO ev
on v.ID_FICHA = ev.ID_FICHA
and v.ID_EXERCICIO = ev.ID_EXERCICIO
LEFT JOIN CONTABIL_EVENTO_ITEM EI
on ev.ID_EVENTO = EI.ID_EVENTO
and ev.TIPO_EVENTO = EI.TIPO_EVENTO
LEFT JOIN CONTABIL_PLANO_CONTA PD
ON EI.ID_DEBITO = PD.ID_REGPLANO
LEFT JOIN CONTABIL_PLANO_CONTA PC
ON EI.ID_CREDITO = PC.ID_REGPLANO
where
E.ID_ORGAO = V.ID_ORGAO
and E.ID_EMPENHO = V.ID_EMPENHO
and E.ID_EXERCICIO = V.ANO
AND (
( PD.id_plano in ( '632910100','631990000')
or PC.id_plano in ( '632910100','631990000')
)
or
( PD.id_plano in ( '195920000','195910000')
or PC.id_plano in ( '195920000','195910000')
)
)
),0) as VL_EMPENHO,( select first 1
P.DATA
from
CONTABIL_EMPENHO E__
inner join CONTABIL_PAGAMENTO P
on E__.ID_REGEMPENHO = P.ID_REGEMPENHO
AND P.ANULACAO = 'N'
where
E.ID_ORGAO = E__.ID_ORGAO
and E.ID_EMPENHO = E__.ID_EMPENHO
and E.ID_EXERCICIO = E__.ID_EXERCICIO
and E__.TIPO_DESPESA in ('EMO','SEO','EMR','SER')
order by
P.ID_PAGTO desc ) as DT_PAGTO,( select
sum(P.VALOR)
from
CONTABIL_EMPENHO E__
inner join CONTABIL_PAGAMENTO P
on E__.ID_REGEMPENHO = P.ID_REGEMPENHO
where
E.ID_ORGAO = E__.ID_ORGAO
and E.ID_EMPENHO = E__.ID_EMPENHO
and E.ID_EXERCICIO = E__.ID_EXERCICIO
and E__.TIPO_DESPESA in ('EMO','SER') ) as VL_PAGO
from
CONTABIL_EMPENHO E
where
E.ID_ORGAO = '020000'
and E.ID_CONTRATO like '00072017%'
and E.TIPO_DESPESA in 'EMO'
and E.ID_COMPRA <> 0 ) PQ
我相信我对您的查询需求的评估是准确的。这样一来，索引的表现就会明显更好。
,在外部查询中，您仅使用列 VL_EMPENHO。所以我从内部查询中删除了所有其他列。现在应该执行得更快了。
select sum(VL_EMPENHO) as VL_EMPENHO from (select distinct
E.VALOR + coalesce((select SUM(E__.VALOR) from CONTABIL_EMPENHO E__ where E__.ID_EMPENHO = E.ID_EMPENHO and E__.NUMERO = E.NUMERO
and E__.ID_ORGAO = E.ID_ORGAO and E__.ID_EXERCICIO = E.ID_EXERCICIO
and (E.TIPO_DESPESA = 'EMO' and E__.TIPO_DESPESA = 'EOA')),0) +
coalesce(( select sum(V.VALOR)
from CONTABIL_VARIACAO V
LEFT JOIN CONTABIL_EVENTO ev on ev.ID_FICHA = v.ID_FICHA and ev.ID_EXERCICIO = v.ID_EXERCICIO
LEFT JOIN CONTABIL_EVENTO_ITEM EI on EI.ID_EVENTO = ev.ID_EVENTO and EI.TIPO_EVENTO = ev.TIPO_EVENTO
LEFT JOIN CONTABIL_PLANO_CONTA PD ON PD.ID_REGPLANO = EI.ID_DEBITO
LEFT JOIN CONTABIL_PLANO_CONTA PC ON PC.ID_REGPLANO = EI.ID_CREDITO
where ((PD.id_plano in ( '632910100','631990000') or PC.id_plano in ( '632910100','631990000') ) or (PD.id_plano in ( '195920000','195910000') or PC.id_plano in ( '195920000','195910000') ))
AND V.ID_EMPENHO = E.ID_EMPENHO
and V.ANO = E.ID_EXERCICIO and V.ID_ORGAO = E.ID_ORGAO
),0) as VL_EMPENHO
from CONTABIL_CONTRATO C
left join CONTABIL_EMPENHO E on substring(E.ID_CONTRATO from 1 for 8) = substring(C.ID_CONTRATO from 1 for 8) and
E.ID_ORGAO = C.ID_ORGAO and E.TIPO_DESPESA in ('EMO')
where C.ID_ORGAO = '020000' and C.ID_CONTRATO like '00072017%' and E.ID_COMPRA <> 0 order by 1,2)
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