使用公共 IP 转发端口后，Jenkins 出现 HTTP 错误：404

如何解决使用公共 IP 转发端口后，Jenkins 出现 HTTP 错误：404

我在 office 中设置的 Linux 机器上的端口 8081 上本地运行 Jenkins。 我有一个公共 IP，我试图用它来使 Jenkins 公开可用。 我已经在 Manage Jenkins -> Configure System -> Jenkins 中输入了带有端口的公共 IP 网址如：http://182.156.xxx.xx:8081/

现在，如果我指向 http://182.156.xxx.xx:8081/ ，它会给我 HTTP 404 错误（附上截图）。

注意：我已经使用以下命令在 Ubuntu 中设置了 Jenkins：

1. wget -q -O - https://pkg.jenkins.io/debian-stable/jenkins.io.key | sudo apt-key 添加 -
2. sudo sh -c 'echo deb https://pkg.jenkins.io/debian-stable binary/ >
   /etc/apt/sources.list.d/jenkins.list'
3. sudo apt-get 更新
4. sudo apt-get install jenkins

etc/default/jenkins 文件：

# defaults for Jenkins automation server

# pulled in from the init script; makes things easier.
NAME=jenkins

# arguments to pass to java

# Allow graphs etc. to work even when an X server is present
JAVA_ARGS="-Djava.awt.headless=true"

#JAVA_ARGS="-Xmx256m"

# make jenkins listen on IPv4 address
#JAVA_ARGS="-Djava.net.preferIPv4Stack=true"

PIDFILE=/var/run/$NAME/$NAME.pid

# user and group to be invoked as (default to jenkins)
JENKINS_USER=$NAME
JENKINS_GROUP=$NAME

# location of the jenkins war file
JENKINS_WAR=/usr/share/$NAME/$NAME.war

# jenkins home location
JENKINS_HOME=/var/lib/$NAME

# set this to false if you don't want Jenkins to run by itself
# in this set up,you are expected to provide a servlet container
# to host jenkins.
RUN_STANDALONE=true

# log location.  this may be a syslog facility.priority
JENKINS_LOG=/var/log/$NAME/$NAME.log
#JENKINS_LOG=daemon.info

# Whether to enable web access logging or not.
# Set to "yes" to enable logging to /var/log/$NAME/access_log
JENKINS_ENABLE_ACCESS_LOG="no"

# OS LIMITS SETUP
#   comment this out to observe /etc/security/limits.conf
#   this is on by default because http://github.com/jenkinsci/jenkins/commit/2fb288474e980d0e7ff9c4a3b768874835a3e92e
#   reported that Ubuntu's PAM configuration doesn't include pam_limits.so,and as a result the # of file
#   descriptors are forced to 1024 regardless of /etc/security/limits.conf
MAXOPENFILES=8192

# set the umask to control permission bits of files that Jenkins creates.
#   027 makes files read-only for group and inaccessible for others,which some security sensitive users
#   might consider benefitial,especially if Jenkins runs in a box that's used for multiple purposes.
#   Beware that 027 permission would interfere with sudo scripts that run on the master (JENKINS-25065.)
#
#   Note also that the particularly sensitive part of $JENKINS_HOME (such as credentials) are always
#   written without 'others' access. So the umask values only affect job configuration,build records,#   that sort of things.
#
#   If commented out,the value from the OS is inherited,which is normally 022 (as of Ubuntu 12.04,#   by default umask comes from pam_umask(8) and /etc/login.defs

# UMASK=027

# port for HTTP connector (default 8080; disable with -1)
HTTP_PORT=8081


# servlet context,important if you want to use apache proxying
PREFIX=/$NAME

# arguments to pass to jenkins.
# --javahome=$JAVA_HOME
# --httpListenAddress=$HTTP_HOST (default 0.0.0.0)
# --httpPort=$HTTP_PORT (default 8080; disable with -1)
# --httpsPort=$HTTP_PORT
# --argumentsRealm.passwd.$ADMIN_USER=[password]
# --argumentsRealm.roles.$ADMIN_USER=admin
# --webroot=~/.jenkins/war
# --prefix=$PREFIX

JENKINS_ARGS="--webroot=/var/cache/$NAME/war --httpPort=$HTTP_PORT"

在这个 jenkins 文件中，我只将 HTTP 端口从 8080 更改为 8081。在端口 8080 上，jenkins 已经使用相同的公共 IP 运行。

詹金斯版本：2.289.2 Java 版本：8 Ubuntu 版本：20.04

jenkins_error_screenshot