0、环境
本文操作系统: CentOS 7.2.1511 x86_64
MySQL 版本: 5.7.13
1、下载 MySQL 官方的 Yum Repository
从 MySQL 官网选取合适的 MySQL 版本，获取下载地址。
然后使用 wget 下载：
[root@centos-linux src]# wget http://repo.mysql.com//mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm --2016-07-15 13:26:51-- http://repo.mysql.com//mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm 正在解析主机 repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)... 23.63.61.108 正在连接 repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)|23.63.61.108|:80... 已连接。 已发出 HTTP 请求，正在等待回应... 200 OK 长度：9116 (8.9K) [application/x-redhat-package-manager] 正在保存至: “mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm” 100%[========================================================================================>] 9,116 --.-K/s 用时 0s 2016-07-15 13:26:57 (193 MB/s) - 已保存 “mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm” [9116/9116])
2、安装 yum Repository
[root@centos-linux src]# yum -y install mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm 已加载插件：fastestmirror 正在检查 mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm: mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm 将被安装 正在解决依赖关系 --> 正在检查事务 ---> 软件包 mysql57-community-release.noarch.0.el7-8 将被 安装 --> 解决依赖关系完成 依赖关系解决 ================================================================================================================================== Package 架构 版本 源 大小 ================================================================================================================================== 正在安装: mysql57-community-release noarch el7-8 /mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch 8.2 k 事务概要 ================================================================================================================================== 安装 1 软件包 总计：8.2 k 安装大小：8.2 k Downloading packages: Running transaction check Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded Running transaction 正在安装 : mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch 1/1 验证中 : mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch 1/1 已安装: mysql57-community-release.noarch 0:el7-8 完毕！
3、安装 MySQL 服务端
查看 mysql server
[root@centos-linux src]# yum search mysql-com 已加载插件：fastestmirror base | 3.6 kB 00:00:00 extras | 3.4 kB 00:00:00 mysql-connectors-community | 2.5 kB 00:00:00 mysql-tools-community | 2.5 kB 00:00:00 mysql57-community | 2.5 kB 00:00:00 updates | 3.4 kB 00:00:00 (1/3): mysql-connectors-community/x86_64/primary_db | 9.8 kB 00:00:00 (2/3): mysql-tools-community/x86_64/primary_db | 26 kB 00:00:00 (3/3): mysql57-community/x86_64/primary_db | 57 kB 00:00:00 Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile ===================================================== N/S matched: mysql-com ===================================================== mysql-community-client.i686 : MySQL database client applications and tools mysql-community-client.x86_64 : MySQL database client applications and tools mysql-community-common.i686 : MySQL database common files for server and client libs mysql-community-common.x86_64 : MySQL database common files for server and client libs mysql-community-devel.i686 : Development header files and libraries for MySQL database client applications mysql-community-devel.x86_64 : Development header files and libraries for MySQL database client applications mysql-community-embedded.i686 : MySQL embedded library mysql-community-embedded.x86_64 : MySQL embedded library mysql-community-embedded-compat.i686 : MySQL embedded compat library mysql-community-embedded-compat.x86_64 : MySQL embedded compat library mysql-community-embedded-devel.i686 : Development header files and libraries for MySQL as an embeddable library mysql-community-embedded-devel.x86_64 : Development header files and libraries for MySQL as an embeddable library mysql-community-libs.i686 : Shared libraries for MySQL database client applications mysql-community-libs.x86_64 : Shared libraries for MySQL database client applications mysql-community-libs-compat.i686 : Shared compat libraries for MySQL 5.6.25 database client applications mysql-community-libs-compat.x86_64 : Shared compat libraries for MySQL 5.6.25 database client applications mysql-community-release.noarch : MySQL repository configuration for yum mysql-community-server.x86_64 : A very fast and reliable SQL database server mysql-community-test.x86_64 : Test suite for the MySQL database server 名称和简介匹配 only，使用“search all”试试。
安装
[root@centos-linux src]# yum -y install mysql-community-server.x86_64
等待执行安装完成。
4、启动 mysql 服务
然后启动，注意 CentOS7 的启动方式和以前不一样，CentOS7 使用了 systemctl
[root@centos-linux ~]# systemctl start mysqld.service
查看启动是否成功
[root@centos-linux ~]# systemctl status mysqld.service
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since 六 2016-07-16 11:07:56 HKT; 2min 42s ago
Process: 22051 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS (code=exited,status=0/SUCCESS)
Process: 21973 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited,status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 22054 (mysqld)
CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
└─22054 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
7月 16 11:07:50 centos-linux.shared systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
7月 16 11:07:56 centos-linux.shared systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.
上面显示 active (running) 则表示已经正常启动。
5、登陆数据库
然后就可以进入数据库了，这里注意一点，MySQL5.7.6 之后会在启动 mysql 进程的时候生成一个用户密码，首次登陆需要这个密码才行。密码保存在 mysql 进程的日志里，即(/var/log/mysqld.log)
查看登陆密码
[root@centos-linux ~]# cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep 'password' 2016-07-16T03:07:53.587995Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: 2=s6NZk.t:fz
然后登陆
[root@centos-linux ~]# mysql -uroot -p Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 2 Server version: 5.7.13 Copyright (c) 2000,2016,Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql>
到这里 MySQL 就完全安装完成了。
6、修改 root 密码
但是如果想正常使用还需要修改密码
mysql> show databases; ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
以前的 password()函数将会被抛弃，官方建议使用下面的命令来修改密码
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'new_password';
同时，如果你设置的密码过于简单也会报错。
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123'; ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements
具体关于设置密码的规则，可以看这一篇文章。
这里我们注意设置密码 长度要大于8，同时要有数字，大小写，特殊字符。
最后，安装完了可以删除 MySQL 的 Repository ，这样可以减少 yum 检查更新的时间，使用下面的命令。
[root@typecodes ~]# yum -y remove mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch
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