python-如何控制pygame中的单个项目符号

我正在尝试创建2D侧面射击游戏.对于项目符号,我使用的是列表,因此每次拍摄项目符号时,都会将其附加到该列表中,然后在屏幕上“绘制”该列表.每当项目符号离开屏幕时,我都会从列表中删除该项目符号.

目前,我具有一项功能,在拍摄时(例如,当子弹列表大于0时)您无法更改子弹的方向(角度),因为显然,我不希望人们在以下情况下控制子弹的方向他们没办法了.但是,这不是我的意图,因为我希望人们在射击时改变方向,而不是已经射出的子弹的方向.

如果那没有道理,为了禁止玩家神奇地改变已经发射出去的子弹的路径或方向(例如使用心灵感应控制子弹并使它们绕圈走),我禁止改变方向同时射击.但这不是我的意图,因为我仍然希望玩家能够控制子弹的方向,而不是已经射出的子弹.下面是我的代码：

import pygame
import math
pygame.init()

win = pygame.display.set_mode((500,480))

pygame.display.set_caption("First Game")

walkRight = [pygame.image.load('R1.png'),pygame.image.load('R2.png'),pygame.image.load('R3.png'),pygame.image.load('R4.png'),pygame.image.load('R5.png'),pygame.image.load('R6.png'),pygame.image.load('R7.png'),pygame.image.load('R8.png'),pygame.image.load('R9.png')]
walkLeft = [pygame.image.load('L1.png'),pygame.image.load('L2.png'),pygame.image.load('L3.png'),pygame.image.load('L4.png'),pygame.image.load('L5.png'),pygame.image.load('L6.png'),pygame.image.load('L7.png'),pygame.image.load('L8.png'),pygame.image.load('L9.png')]
bg = pygame.image.load('bg.jpg')
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
b_angle = 0

class player(object):
    def __init__(self,x,y,width,height):
        self.x = x
        self.y = y
        self.width = width
        self.height = height
        self.vel = 1.5
        self.isJump = False
        self.left = False
        self.right = False
        self.walkCount = 0
        self.jumpCount = 13
        self.standing = True
        #Boolean value which forbids players from changing the angle of bullet whilst firing
        self.isFiring = False

    def draw(self,win):
        if self.walkCount + 1 >= 45:
            self.walkCount = 0

        if not(self.standing):
            if self.left:
                win.blit(walkLeft[self.walkCount//5],(self.x,self.y))
                self.walkCount += 1
            elif self.right:
                win.blit(walkRight[self.walkCount//5],self.y))
                self.walkCount +=1
        else:
            if self.right:
                win.blit(walkRight[0],self.y))
            else:
                win.blit(walkLeft[0],self.y))


#Bullet Class
class projectile(object):
    def __init__(self,radius,color,facing):
        self.x = x
        self.y = y
        self.radius = radius
        self.color = color
        self.facing = facing
        self.vel = 8

    def draw(self,win):
        pygame.draw.circle(win,self.color,self.y),self.radius)


#Drawing everything on screen function
def redrawGameWindow():
    win.blit(bg,(0,0))
    man.draw(win)
    for bullet in bullets:
        bullet.draw(win)
    clock.tick(60)
    pygame.display.update()


#mainloop
man = player(200,410,64,64)
#List of bullets
bullets = []
run = True
previous_time = pygame.time.get_ticks()
while run:
    print(b_angle)

    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            run = False
#Adding bullets into the list
    for bullet in bullets:
        if bullet.x < 500 and bullet.x > 0 and bullet.y < 480 and bullet.y > 0:
            bullet.x += int((bullet.vel*math.cos(math.radians(b_angle))))
            bullet.y -= int((bullet.vel*math.sin(math.radians(b_angle))))
        else:
            bullets.pop(bullets.index(bullet))
    #Only allows changing direction when there are no bullets on screen.
            if len(bullets) == 0:
                man.isFiring = False

    keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()

#SPACE button,which shoot out the bullets (also a time delay).
    if keys[pygame.K_SPACE]:
        man.isFiring = True
        current_time = pygame.time.get_ticks()
        if man.left:
            facing = -1
        else:
            facing = 1
        if current_time - previous_time > 200:
            previous_time = current_time
            if len(bullets) < 10:
  #See when there are bullets and set Firing = True.
                man.isFiring = True
                bullets.append(projectile(round(man.x + man.width //2),round(man.y + man.height//2),3,0),facing))
#A and D keys control direction of bullet.
    if keys[pygame.K_a]:
        if not man.isFiring:
            b_angle += 3
    if keys[pygame.K_d]:
        if not man.isFiring:
            b_angle -= 3
    if keys[pygame.K_LEFT] and man.x > man.vel:
        man.x -= man.vel
        man.left = True
        man.right = False
        man.standing = False
    elif keys[pygame.K_RIGHT] and man.x < 500 - man.width - man.vel:
        man.x += man.vel
        man.right = True
        man.left = False
        man.standing = False
    else:
        man.standing = True
        man.walkCount = 0

    if not(man.isJump):
        if keys[pygame.K_UP]:
            man.isJump = True
            man.standing = False
            man.walkCount = 0
    else:
        if man.jumpCount >= -13:
            neg = 1
            if man.jumpCount < 0:
                neg = -1
            man.y -= (man.jumpCount ** 2) ** 0.35 * neg
            man.jumpCount -= 1
        else:
            man.isJump = False
            man.jumpCount = 13

    redrawGameWindow()

pygame.quit()

提前致谢！

最佳答案

您应该重组代码,以便与播放器相关的所有逻辑都在Player类中,而与弹丸相关的所有逻辑都在Projectile类中.

另外,利用pygame的Sprite类,它将帮助您组织代码并使代码保持简单.

使用一些矢量数学也将简化您的代码：发射弹丸时,创建一个描述弹丸应移动方向的矢量.然后,在移动弹丸时,只需将矢量添加到弹丸位置即可.

这是一个正在运行的示例：

import pygame

class Player(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.image = pygame.Surface((32,32))
        self.image.fill((0,0))
        self.image.set_colorkey((0,0))
        pygame.draw.polygon(self.image,pygame.Color('dodgerblue'),((0,(32,16),32)))
        self.org_image = self.image.copy()
        self.angle = 0
        self.direction = pygame.Vector2(1,0)
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect(center=(200,200))
        self.pos = pygame.Vector2(self.rect.center)

    def update(self,events,dt):
        for e in events:
            if e.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
                if e.key == pygame.K_SPACE:
                    self.groups()[0].add(Projectile(self.rect.center,self.direction.normalize()))
        pressed = pygame.key.get_pressed()
        if pressed[pygame.K_a]:
            self.angle += 3
        if pressed[pygame.K_d]:
            self.angle -= 3

        self.direction = pygame.Vector2(1,0).rotate(-self.angle)
        self.image = pygame.transform.rotate(self.org_image,self.angle)
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect(center=self.rect.center)

class Projectile(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    def __init__(self,pos,direction):
        super().__init__()
        self.image = pygame.Surface((8,8))
        self.image.fill((0,0))
        pygame.draw.circle(self.image,pygame.Color('orange'),(4,4),4)
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect(center=pos)
        self.direction = direction
        self.pos = pygame.Vector2(self.rect.center)

    def update(self,dt):
        self.pos += self.direction * dt
        self.rect.center = self.pos
        if not pygame.display.get_surface().get_rect().contains(self.rect):
            self.kill()

def main():
    pygame.init()
    screen = pygame.display.set_mode((500,500))
    sprites = pygame.sprite.Group(Player())
    clock = pygame.time.Clock()
    dt = 0

    while True:
        events = pygame.event.get()
        for e in events:
            if e.type == pygame.QUIT:
                return
        sprites.update(events,dt)
        screen.fill((30,30,30))
        sprites.draw(screen)
        pygame.display.update()
        dt = clock.tick(60)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()