Django：Django的路由系统

一，URLconf配置

1，基本格式

django.conf.urls urlpatterns =<span style="color: #000000"> [
url(正则表达式,views视图函数，参数，别名),]

2,参数说明

二，正则表达式详解

1，基本配置

django.conf.urls <span style="color: #0000ff">from . <span style="color: #0000ff">import<span style="color: #000000"> views

urlpatterns =<span style="color: #000000"> [
url(r<span style="color: #800000">'<span style="color: #800000">^articles/2003/$<span style="color: #800000">'<span style="color: #000000">,views.special_case_2003),url(r<span style="color: #800000">'<span style="color: #800000">^articles/([0-9]{4})/$<span style="color: #800000">'<span style="color: #000000">,views.year_archive),url(r<span style="color: #800000">'<span style="color: #800000">^articles/([0-9]{4})/([0-9]{2})/$<span style="color: #800000">'<span style="color: #000000">,views.month_archive),url(r<span style="color: #800000">'<span style="color: #800000">^articles/([0-9]{4})/([0-9]{2})/([0-9]+)/$<span style="color: #800000">'<span style="color: #000000">,views.article_detail),]

2，注意事项

3，补充说明

APPEND_SLASH=True

如果在settings.py中设置了 ，此时我们请求 http://www.example.com/blog 时就会提示找不到页面

三，分组命名匹配

(?Ppattern)，其中name是组的名称，pattern是要匹配的模式。

django.conf.urls <span style="color: #0000ff">from . <span style="color: #0000ff">import<span style="color: #000000"> views

urlpatterns =<span style="color: #000000"> [
url(r<span style="color: #800000">'<span style="color: #800000">^articles/2003/$<span style="color: #800000">'<span style="color: #000000">,url(r<span style="color: #800000">'<span style="color: #800000">^articles/(?P[0-9]{4})/$<span style="color: #800000">'<span style="color: #000000">,url(r<span style="color: #800000">'<span style="color: #800000">^articles/(?P[0-9]{4})/(?P[0-9]{2})/$<span style="color: #800000">'<span style="color: #000000">,url(r<span style="color: #800000">'<span style="color: #800000">^articles/(?P[0-9]{4})/(?P[0-9]{2})/(?P[0-9]{2})/$<span style="color: #800000">'<span style="color: #000000">,]

4，URLconf匹配的位置

。

myapp/。

POST、GET、HEAD等等 —— 都将路由到相同的函数。

5，捕捉到的参数永远都是字符串

url(r[0-9]{4})/$,

views.year_archive() 中的year 参数永远是一个字符串类型。

6，视图中指定默认值

django.conf.urls <span style="color: #0000ff">from . <span style="color: #0000ff">import<span style="color: #000000"> views

urlpatterns =<span style="color: #000000"> [
url(r<span style="color: #800000">'<span style="color: #800000">^blog/$<span style="color: #800000">'<span style="color: #000000">,views.page),url(r<span style="color: #800000">'<span style="color: #800000">^blog/page(?P[0-9]+)/$<span style="color: #800000">'<span style="color: #000000">,]

<span style="color: #008000">#<span style="color: #008000"> views.py中，可以为num指定默认值
<span style="color: #0000ff">def page(request,num=<span style="color: #800000">"<span style="color: #800000">1<span style="color: #800000">"<span style="color: #000000">):
<span style="color: #0000ff">pass

7，include其他的URLconfs

<span style="color: #008000">#<span style="color: #008000">For example,here’s an excerpt of the URLconf for the Django website itself.<span style="color: #008000">

<span style="color: #008000">It includes a number of other URLconfs:

<span style="color: #0000ff">from django.conf.urls <span style="color: #0000ff">import<span style="color: #000000"> include,url

urlpatterns =<span style="color: #000000"> [
url(r<span style="color: #800000">'<span style="color: #800000">^admin/<span style="color: #800000">'<span style="color: #000000">,admin.site.urls),url(r<span style="color: #800000">'<span style="color: #800000">^blog/<span style="color: #800000">',include(<span style="color: #800000">'<span style="color: #800000">blog.urls<span style="color: #800000">')),<span style="color: #008000">#<span style="color: #008000"> 可以包含其他的URLconfs文件
]

四，命名URL和URL的反向解析

url(r,views.home,name=), url(r,views.index,name=),

{% url 'home' %}

django.urls reverse(<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #800000; line-height: 1.5 !important">"<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #800000; line-height: 1.5 !important">index<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #800000; line-height: 1.5 !important">",args=(<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #800000; line-height: 1.5 !important">"<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #800000; line-height: 1.5 !important">2018<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #800000; line-height: 1.5 !important">",))

 django.conf.urls <span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #0000ff; line-height: 1.5 !important">from . <span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #0000ff; line-height: 1.5 !important">import<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: 1.5 !important"> views

urlpatterns =<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: 1.5 !important"> [

<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important">#<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important"> ...

url(r<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #800000; line-height: 1.5 !important">'<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #800000; line-height: 1.5 !important">^articles/([0-9]{4})/$<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #800000; line-height: 1.5 !important">',views.year_archive,name=<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #800000; line-height: 1.5 !important">'<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #800000; line-height: 1.5 !important">news-year-archive<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #800000; line-height: 1.5 !important">'<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: 1.5 !important">),<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important">#<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #008000; line-height: 1.5 !important"> ...

]

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