EPEL 是什么？
EPEL (Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux，企业版Linux的额外软件包) 是Fedora小组维护的一个软件仓库项目，为RHEL/CentOS提供他们默认不提供的软件包。这个源兼容RHEL及像CentOS和Scientific Linux这样的衍生版本。
我们可以很容易地通过yum命令从EPEL源上获取上万个在CentOS自带源上没有的软件。EPEL提供的软件包大多基于其对应的Fedora软件包，不会与企业版Linux发行版本的软件发生冲突或替换其文件。
更多关于EPEL 项目的细节可以到以下网站获取：https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/EPEL
在文本中，我将展示在CentOS下如何安装EPEL源(系统为centos 6.8 root用户)
在CentOS 上安装EPEL
要想安装EPEL，我们先要下载EPEL的rpm安装包。
CentOS/RHEL下的6.x和5.x版本下载页面如下
http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/i386/repoview/epel-release.htmlhttp://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/5/i386/repoview/epel-release.html
以上网址可能会被重定向到特定的镜像站而加快下载速度。这个页面包含可以直接获取到rpm包的下载链接。直接的下载链接如下：
http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/i386/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpmhttp://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/5/i386/epel-release-5-4.noarch.rpm
根据你的CentOS 版本来选择正确的下载地址。
请注意EPEL 的安装包是独立编译的，所以它可以安装在32位和64位系统中。
1. 确认你的CentOS 的版本
首先通过以下命令确认你的CentOS 版本
$cat/etc/redhat-release CentOSrelease6.8(Final)
2. 下载EPEL 的rpm 安装包
现在从上面的地址下载CentOS 版本所对应的EPEL 的版本
$wgethttp://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/i386/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
3. 安装EPEL
通过以下命令安装EPEL 软件包
$rpm-ivhepel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
5. 检查EPEL 源
安装好EPEL 源后，用yum 命令来检查是否添加到源列表
#yumrepolist Loadedplugins:fastestmirror Loadingmirrorspeedsfromcachedhostfile *base:mirrors.vonline.vn *epel:buaya.klas.or.id *extras:centos-hn.viettelidc.com.vn *updates:mirrors.fibo.vn repoidreponamestatus baseCentOS-6-Base6,381 epelExtraPackagesforEnterpriseLinux6-x86_6410,023 extrasCentOS-6-Extras13 nginxnginxrepo47 updatesCentOS-6-Updates1,555 repolist:18,019
EPEL已经在repo 后列出，并且显示提供了上万个软件包，所以EPEL 已经安装到你的CentOS了。
EPEL源的配置安装到了 /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo 文件。
现在来试一下从EPEL 获取软件包
$yuminstalljava yum-yinstalljava Loadedplugins:fastestmirror,security SettingupInstallProcess Loadingmirrorspeedsfromcachedhostfile *base:mirrors.aliyun.com *epel:mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn *extras:mirrors.aliyun.com *updates:mirrors.aliyun.com ResolvingDependencies -->Runningtransactioncheck --->Packagejava-1.8.0-openjdk.x86_641:1.8.0.111-0.b15.el6_8willbeinstalled -->ProcessingDependency:java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless=1:1.8.0.111-0.b15.el6_8forpackage:1:java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.111-0.b15.el6_8.x86_64 -->ProcessingDependency:xorg-x11-fonts-Type1forpackage:1:java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.111-0.b15.el6_8.x86_64 -->ProcessingDependency:libjvm.so(SUNWprivate_1.1)(64bit)forpackage:1:java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.111-0.b15.el6_8.x86_64 -->ProcessingDependency:libjli.so(SUNWprivate_1.1)(64bit)forpackage:1:java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.111-0.b15.el6_8.x86_64 -->ProcessingDependency:libjava.so(SUNWprivate_1.1)(64bit)forpackage:1:java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.111-0.b15.el6_8.x86_64 -->ProcessingDependency:libjli.so()(64bit)forpackage:1:java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.111-0.b15.el6_8.x86_64 -->ProcessingDependency:libjava.so()(64bit)forpackage:1:java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.111-0.b15.el6_8.x86_64 -->ProcessingDependency:libgif.so.4()(64bit)forpackage:1:java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.111-0.b15.el6_8.x86_64 -->ProcessingDependency:libawt.so()(64bit)forpackage:1:java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.111-0.b15.el6_8.x86_64 -->Runningtransactioncheck --->Packagegiflib.x86_640:4.1.6-3.1.el6willbeinstalled --->Packagejava-1.8.0-openjdk-headless.x86_641:1.8.0.111-0.b15.el6_8willbeinstalled -->ProcessingDependency:tzdata-java>=2014f-1forpackage:1:java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless-1.8.0.111-0.b15.el6_8.x86_64 -->ProcessingDependency:jpackage-utilsforpackage:1:java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless-1.8.0.111-0.b15.el6_8.x86_64 --->Packagexorg-x11-fonts-Type1.noarch0:7.2-11.el6willbeinstalled -->ProcessingDependency:ttmkfdirforpackage:xorg-x11-fonts-Type1-7.2-11.el6.noarch -->ProcessingDependency:ttmkfdirforpackage:xorg-x11-fonts-Type1-7.2-11.el6.noarch -->ProcessingDependency:mkfontdirforpackage:xorg-x11-fonts-Type1-7.2-11.el6.noarch -->ProcessingDependency:mkfontdirforpackage:xorg-x11-fonts-Type1-7.2-11.el6.noarch -->Runningtransactioncheck --->Packagejpackage-utils.noarch0:1.7.5-3.16.el6willbeinstalled --->Packagettmkfdir.x86_640:3.0.9-32.1.el6willbeinstalled --->Packagetzdata-java.noarch0:2016j-1.el6willbeinstalled --->Packagexorg-x11-font-utils.x86_641:7.2-11.el6willbeinstalled -->ProcessingDependency:libfontenc.so.1()(64bit)forpackage:1:xorg-x11-font-utils-7.2-11.el6.x86_64 -->ProcessingDependency:libXfont.so.1()(64bit)forpackage:1:xorg-x11-font-utils-7.2-11.el6.x86_64 -->Runningtransactioncheck --->PackagelibXfont.x86_640:1.5.1-2.el6willbeinstalled --->Packagelibfontenc.x86_640:1.1.2-3.el6willbeinstalled -->FinishedDependencyResolution DependenciesResolved =========================================================================================================================== PackageArchVersionRepositorySize =========================================================================================================================== Installing: java-1.8.0-openjdkx86_641:1.8.0.111-0.b15.el6_8updates198k Installingfordependencies: giflibx86_644.1.6-3.1.el6base37k java-1.8.0-openjdk-headlessx86_641:1.8.0.111-0.b15.el6_8updates32M jpackage-utilsnoarch1.7.5-3.16.el6base60k libXfontx86_641.5.1-2.el6base145k libfontencx86_641.1.2-3.el6base29k ttmkfdirx86_643.0.9-32.1.el6base43k tzdata-javanoarch2016j-1.el6updates182k xorg-x11-font-utilsx86_641:7.2-11.el6base75k xorg-x11-fonts-Type1noarch7.2-11.el6base520k TransactionSummary =========================================================================================================================== Install10Package(s) Totaldownloadsize:33M Installedsize:105M DownloadingPackages: (1/10):giflib-4.1.6-3.1.el6.x86_64.rpm|37kB00:00 (2/10):java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.111-0.b15.el6_8.x86_64.rpm|198kB00:00 (3/10):java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless-1.8.0.111-0.b15.el6_8.x86_64.rpm|32MB00:51 (4/10):jpackage-utils-1.7.5-3.16.el6.noarch.rpm|60kB00:00 (5/10):libXfont-1.5.1-2.el6.x86_64.rpm|145kB00:00 (6/10):libfontenc-1.1.2-3.el6.x86_64.rpm|29kB00:00 (7/10):ttmkfdir-3.0.9-32.1.el6.x86_64.rpm|43kB00:00 (8/10):tzdata-java-2016j-1.el6.noarch.rpm|182kB00:00 (9/10):xorg-x11-font-utils-7.2-11.el6.x86_64.rpm|75kB00:00 (10/10):xorg-x11-fonts-Type1-7.2-11.el6.noarch.rpm|520kB00:00 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total634kB/s|33MB00:53 Runningrpm_check_debug RunningTransactionTest TransactionTestSucceeded RunningTransaction Installing:libfontenc-1.1.2-3.el6.x86_641/10 Installing:libXfont-1.5.1-2.el6.x86_642/10 Installing:1:xorg-x11-font-utils-7.2-11.el6.x86_643/10 Installing:tzdata-java-2016j-1.el6.noarch4/10 Installing:jpackage-utils-1.7.5-3.16.el6.noarch5/10 Installing:1:java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless-1.8.0.111-0.b15.el6_8.x86_646/10 Installing:giflib-4.1.6-3.1.el6.x86_647/10 Installing:ttmkfdir-3.0.9-32.1.el6.x86_648/10 Installing:xorg-x11-fonts-Type1-7.2-11.el6.noarch9/10 Installing:1:java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.111-0.b15.el6_8.x86_6410/10 Verifying:ttmkfdir-3.0.9-32.1.el6.x86_641/10 Verifying:1:java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless-1.8.0.111-0.b15.el6_8.x86_642/10 Verifying:giflib-4.1.6-3.1.el6.x86_643/10 Verifying:jpackage-utils-1.7.5-3.16.el6.noarch4/10 Verifying:1:xorg-x11-font-utils-7.2-11.el6.x86_645/10 Verifying:1:java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.111-0.b15.el6_8.x86_646/10 Verifying:libfontenc-1.1.2-3.el6.x86_647/10 Verifying:xorg-x11-fonts-Type1-7.2-11.el6.noarch8/10 Verifying:libXfont-1.5.1-2.el6.x86_649/10 Verifying:tzdata-java-2016j-1.el6.noarch10/10 Installed: java-1.8.0-openjdk.x86_641:1.8.0.111-0.b15.el6_8 DependencyInstalled: giflib.x86_640:4.1.6-3.1.el6java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless.x86_641:1.8.0.111-0.b15.el6_8 jpackage-utils.noarch0:1.7.5-3.16.el6libXfont.x86_640:1.5.1-2.el6 libfontenc.x86_640:1.1.2-3.el6ttmkfdir.x86_640:3.0.9-32.1.el6 tzdata-java.noarch0:2016j-1.el6xorg-x11-font-utils.x86_641:7.2-11.el6 xorg-x11-fonts-Type1.noarch0:7.2-11.el6 Complete!
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